Who was the last Duke of Urbino?
Francesco Maria II della Rovere (10 February 1549 – 23 April 1631) was the last Duke of Urbino. Contents. Biography. Born at Pesaro, Francesco Maria was the son of Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, Count of Montefeltro and Vittoria Farnese, Princess of Parma. He was raised between 1565 and 1568 at the Royal court of Philip II of Spain.
Who is the Duke of Urbino in this painting?
Painted by Piero della Francesca, it depicts the duke Federigo da Montefeltro and his wife Battista Sforza. The duke, leader of mercenaries, skillful strategist and a great patron, turned Urbino into a refined and renowned cultural center.
Who was Guidobaldo of Urbino?
Guidobaldo (Guido Ubaldo) da Montefeltro (17 January 1472 – 10 April 1508), also known as Guidobaldo I, was an Italian condottiero and the Duke of Urbino from 1482 to 1508. Contents. Biography. Born in Gubbio, he succeeded his father Federico da Montefeltro as Duke of Urbino in 1482.
How did Lorenzo become the Duke of Urbino?
Lorenzo II became lord of Florence in August 1513, after his uncle, Giuliano de' Medici, handed over control of its government. Ambitious by nature, Lorenzo II lacked patience with Florence's republican system of government, and thus in 1516, convinced his uncle, Pope Leo X to make him Duke of Urbino at the age of 24.
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Who ruled Urbino?
The Montefeltro familyThe Montefeltro family ruled the duchy* of Urbino in eastern Italy from the mid-1100s to the early 1500s.
Where is the Duke of Urbino?
The Duchy of Urbino was an independent duchy in early modern central Italy, corresponding to the northern half of the modern region of Marche. It was directly annexed by the Papal States in 1625.
Where is the Duke and Duchess of Urbino?
Uffizi GalleryThis famed double portrait by Piero della Francesca is often mistitled The Duke and Duchess of Urbino—as it appears on the website of the Uffizi Gallery, which owns it....Diptych of Federico da Montefeltro and Battista SforzaDimensions47 cm × 33 cm (19 in × 13 in); each panelLocationUffizi Gallery, Florence4 more rows
What happened to Federico da Montefeltro eye?
Federico is known to have sustained an injury to his right eye while jousting in a tournament in 1450, rendering him monocular. Most other surviving portraits of Federico also portray him from the left. Piero della Francesca, Portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Urbino.
What does Montefeltro mean in Italian?
an Italian noble family/ (Italian monteˈfeltro) / noun. an Italian noble family who ruled Urbino from the 13th to the 16th century.
What is Urbino Italy known for?
Urbino is famous as the hometown of the artist Raphael and architect Donato Bramante, yet the town owes much of its fame to the Duke of Montefeltro.
Why is the Duke and Duchess of Urbino famous?
The duke, leader of mercenaries, skillful strategist and a great patron, turned Urbino into a refined and renowned cultural center. It was there that Piero della Francesca carried out this masterpiece between 1465 and 1472.
Why are the Duke and Duchess of Urbino shown in profile?
In the tradition of the fourteenth century, inspired by the design of ancient coins, the two figures are shown in profile, an angle that ensured a good likeness and a faithful representation of facial details without allowing their sentiments to show through: indeed, the Duke and Duchess of Urbino appear unaffected by ...
When was the Duke and Duchess of Urbino painted?
1467–1472Diptych of Federico da Montefeltro and Battista Sforza / Created
Why is Federico da Montefeltro important?
Federico da Montefeltro (1422-1482) – lord of Urbino – was a great Renaissance condottiero (warlord). He was also a great lord, patron of important artists: for example, we owe to him the construction of the Ducal Palace of Urbino.
Who painted the Duke and Duchess of Urbino?
Piero della FrancescaDiptych of Federico da Montefeltro and Battista Sforza / ArtistPiero della Francesca, originally named Piero di Benedetto, was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance. To contemporaries he was also known as a mathematician and geometer. Nowadays Piero della Francesca is chiefly appreciated for his art. Wikipedia
Where in Italy is Urbino?
Marche regionUrbino (UK: /ɜːrˈbiːnoʊ/ ur-BEE-noh; Italian: [urˈbiːno] ( listen); Romagnol: Urbìn) is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke ...
Where in Italy is Urbino?
Marche regionUrbino (UK: /ɜːrˈbiːnoʊ/ ur-BEE-noh; Italian: [urˈbiːno] ( listen); Romagnol: Urbìn) is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke ...
Why are the Duke and Duchess of Urbino shown in profile?
In the tradition of the fourteenth century, inspired by the design of ancient coins, the two figures are shown in profile, an angle that ensured a good likeness and a faithful representation of facial details without allowing their sentiments to show through: indeed, the Duke and Duchess of Urbino appear unaffected by ...
Why is the Duke and Duchess of Urbino famous?
The duke, leader of mercenaries, skillful strategist and a great patron, turned Urbino into a refined and renowned cultural center. It was there that Piero della Francesca carried out this masterpiece between 1465 and 1472.
How does a duchy work?
If you are a duke or a duchess, the country or territory you rule is called a duchy. England's Prince Charles is the current Duke of Cornwall and symbolically reigns over a duchy that includes Cornwall and the surrounding area. The term duchy is mainly historical and almost always refers to European territories.
When did Lorenzo retire?
During battle, Lorenzo was wounded, which prompted him to retire to Tuscany. In September 1517 , he regained Urbino via treaty; however, it remained under the Medici family's rule for only two years. In 1521 the duchy reverted to the Della Rovere family.
Why did Machiavelli dedicate his political treatise The Prince to Lorenzo?
Famously, Niccolò Machiavelli dedicated his political treatise The Prince to Lorenzo to inform him of tactics to use maintaining his authority.
Where is Lorenzo II's tomb?
Lorenzo II's tomb is in the Medici Chapel of Florence's Church of San Lorenzo, adorned by Michelangelo 's sculpture Pensieroso, representing the Duke. Its companion piece, also sculpted by Michelangelo, represents Lorenzo II's uncle Giuliano di Lorenzo de' Medici.
Who was the ruler of Florence in 1516?
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici ( Italian pronunciation: [loˈrɛntso di ˈpjɛːro de ˈmɛːditʃi]; 12 September 1492 – 4 May 1519) was the ruler of Florence from 1516 until his death in 1519. He was also Duke of Urbino during the same period.
Who was Catherine de Medici married to?
Catherine de' Medici went on to become Queen of France, via a marriage to the future King Henry II of France, arranged by the second Medici Pope, Pope Clement VII. Only 21 days after Catherine de' Medici's birth, Lorenzo II died, "worn out by disease and excess.".
Who was Lorenzo's son?
In 1510, while the Medici family were living near Rome, a black servant in their household - identified in documents as Simonetta da Collevecchio [ it] - gave birth to a son, Alessandro de' Medici, whom Lorenzo officially recognized as his illegitimate son.
Who was the Duke of Urbino?
So began a conflict with the city's theretofore duke, Francesco Maria I della Rovere.
Why does the Duke wear a chariot?
The Duke wears his armor just like a leader, while he is crowned by the Victory; the Duchess sits in a chariot pulled by two unicorns, symbols of chastity, to emphasize her pious and gentle soul. Thanks to his aristocratic and hieratic art, Piero della Francesca achieves the noble goal to make the memory of the Duke and his Duchess eternal.
What is double profile portrait?
The double profile portraits are reminiscent of the classical portrait medals and gives an ancient solemnity to the two figures. Their busts in the foreground dominate the wonderful landscape in the background, in order to emphasize the majesty of the court of Urbino.
Who painted the Duke of Urbino?
Portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Urbino by Piero della Francesca. The diptych of the Dukes of Urbino is one of the most famous works of art of the Italian Renaissance. Painted by Piero della Francesca, it depicts the duke Federigo da Montefeltro and his wife Battista Sforza.
Which side of Duke's face is portrayed?
Choosing the representation in profile was an inescapable choice. In fact, the Duke lost his right eye during a tournament and for this reason only the left side of his face is portrayed. His nose was also broken in a tournament.
Who was the leader of the mercenaries in Urbino?
The duke, leader of mercenaries, skillful strategist and a great patron, turned Urbino into a refined and renowned cultural center. It was there that Piero della Francesca carried out this masterpiece between 1465 and 1472.
Why did Guidobaldo revolt?
On 1 January 1573, a revolt rose against Guidobaldo in Urbino, due to the excessive tax burden that he was exerting over his state.
Who was Guidobaldo's father?
1523), daughter of the duke of Camerino and Caterina Cybo, but the couple had no issue. At the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of Urbino in 1538.
Where did Venus of Urbino get its name?
The portrait of Venus of Urbino has acquired its name from the Duchy of Urbino through Guidobaldo's title as the Duke of Urbino.
Who was Giulia da Varano married to?
After the 1547 death of Giulia da Varano, in 1548 he married Vittoria Farnese - the daughter of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma and Gerolama Orsini, daughter of Lodovico Orsini and wife and first cousin Giulia Conti.
Who was the patron of Titian?
Guidobaldo was an important patron of the arts in general, and of Titian in particular, commissioning his own portrait, and buying Titian's Venus of Urbino .
What is the contrast between Federico and Battista Sforza?
The chromatic contrast between the bronze skin tones used for Federico and the pale tones of Battista Sforza is striking; the pale pallor of the Duchess not only respects the aesthetic conventions which were fashionable during the Renaissance but could also allude to her untimely death in 1472.
What is the significance of Piero della Francesca's double portrait?
One of the Piero della Francesca's most famous works, the double portrait is representative of the relationship between the painter and the Duke and Duchess of Montefeltro; Piero was a frequent guest at their court, finding himself in a cultured and refined atmosphere which would soon become one of the most important cultural and artistic hearts of Italy. The master painter marries the strict approach to perspective learned during his Florentine education with the lenticular representation more characteristic of Flemish painting, achieving extraordinary results and unmatched originality.
Who is in the diptych of the Duke of Urbino?
Inv. 1890 nn. 1615, 3342. One of the most celebrated portraits of the Italian Renaissance, the diptych features the Duke of Urbino, Federico da Montefeltro (1422-1482) and his wife Battista Sforza (1446-1472).
Who was Federico Ubaldo married to?
At the age of 16 he succeeded to the Duchy of Urbino on 3 November 1621. This same year, in order to produce an heir himself, he married Claudia de' Medici, daughter of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christina of Lorraine. The following year, Claudia gave birth ...
Who was Claudia de Medici married to?
His father was forced to bequeath all his property to the Papal States. Claudia de' Medici married in 1626 Leopold V of Austria. Their daughter married the Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1633 but her bloodline died out in 1737.
Why did Francesco della Rovere marry Livia?
After obtaining permission from the pope to marry, in 1599 married his cousin Livia della Rovere to prevent the extinction of the family.
How did Federico della Rovere die?
Federico died a year later in Urbino. He was likely poisoned, but autopsy results claim that he died with an epileptic seizure. The funeral took place on the following Sunday, 2 July, and was accompanied by the whole clergy.
How did Federico de Medici die?
However, Federico died in 1623 from an epileptic attack, leaving only a daughter, Vittoria Della Rovere, wife of Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany; their child was Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany; none of Cosimo III's children had heirs.
What was Francesco Maria forced to sell?
By 1580 the family estate was in crisis and Francesco Maria was forced to sell his family's titles – the Duchy of Sora and Arce – for 100,000 scudi to Giacomo Boncompagni . Francesco Maria's marriage, though, remained childless and Francesco Maria needed a male heir.
When did Francesco Maria marry Lucrezia?
While there he met a Spanish girl and informed his father of his intention to marry her . But his father would not allow it and demanded he return to Urbino. In 1570 Francesco Maria married Lucrezia d'Este, a daughter of Ercole II d'Este.
Who was Lucrezia d'Este?
Lucrezia d'Este on 19 January 1570, daughter of Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara and Renée of France. Livia della Rovere on 29 April 1599, daughter of Ippolito della Rovere and Isabella Vitelli dei Signori dell'Amatrice.
Who took control of the Duchy of Florence?
The Pope's nephew Taddeo Barberini took control of the duchy which was annexed to the Papal States after Francesco's death at Urbania in 1631. The last member of the della Rovere family, Vittoria, inherited the Duke's art collection and had it transferred to Florence to the Uffizi Gallery.
Who was Federico Ubaldo's cousin?
So in 1599, after the death of first wife Lucrezia, he married his cousin Livia della Rovere, 36 years his junior. On 16 May 1605 their long-expected and only child Federico Ubaldo was born. Federico Ubaldo married Claudia de' Medici in 1621 and was made Duke by his father. However, Federico died in 1623 from an epileptic attack, ...
Who was the last Duke of Urbino?
Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Francesco Maria II della Rovere (20 February 1549 – 23 April 1631) was the last Duke of Urbino .
What happened to Federico da Montefeltro?
Federico lost his nasal bridge and his right eye in a tournament. Federico da Montefeltro, also known as Federico III da Montefeltro KG (7 June 1422 – 10 September 1482), was one of the most successful condottieri of the Italian Renaissance, and lord of Urbino from 1444 (as Duke from 1474) until his death. A renowned intellectual humanist and civil ...
What happened to Federico in 1450?
After six years in the service of Florence, Federico was hired in 1450 by Sforza, now Duke of Milan. However, he could not perform his duties as he lost his right eye during a tournament. Malatesta profited from his injury to obtain the position under Sforza, whereupon Federico in October 1451 accepted instead a proposal by Alfonso V of Aragon, King of Naples, to fight for him against Florence. After the loss of the eye, Federico – no stranger to conspiracies and one of the leaders that inspired Niccolò Machiavelli to write Il Principe – had surgeons remove the bridge of his nose (which had been injured in the incident) and eyelid. This improved his field of vision to a considerable extent, rendered him less vulnerable to assassination attempts – and, as can be seen by his successful career thereafter, restored his merits as a field commander.
What is a studiolo in the palace?
Federico commissioned for himself a studiolo (a small study or cabinet for contemplation) in both his palace at Urbino and that at Gubbio; both are celebrated for their trompe-l'œil decoration executed in marquetry. The former is still in situ, the latter was eventually purchased by and brought in its entirety to The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
What did Federico do?
Federico took care of soldiers who might be killed or wounded, providing, for example, dowries for their daughters. He often strolled the streets of Urbino unarmed and unattended, inquiring in shops and businesses as to the well-being of the residents of Urbino. All "citizens", defined exclusively — as in ancient Greece — as the male residents of Urbino, were equal under the law regardless of rank.
What battle did Paul take part in?
In 1467 he took part in the Battle of Molinella. In 1469, on the death of Sigismondo Pandolfo, Paul sent him to occupy Rimini: however, fearing that an excessive Papal power in the area could also menace his home base of Urbino, once having entered Rimini Federico kept it for himself.
How was Federico financed?
All his personal and professional achievements were financed through mercenary warfare. Commentators insist on his dedication to the well-being of his soldiers explaining why his men proved loyal to him and why Federico technically never lost a war. He was decorated with almost every military honor.
Where was Federico born?
Federico was born in Castello di Petroia in Gubbio, the illegitimate son of Guidantonio da Montefeltro, lord of Urbino, Gubbio and Casteldurante, and Duke of Spoleto. Two years later he was legitimized by Pope Martin V, with the consent of Guidantonio's wife, Caterina Colonna, who was Martin's niece.
Why did Guidobaldo flee Urbino?
Guidobaldo was forced to flee Urbino in 1502 to escape the armies of Cesare Borgia, but returned after the death of Cesare Borgia's father, Pope Alexander VI, in 1503. He adopted as his heir Francesco Maria della Rovere, his sister's child and nephew of Pope Julius II, thus uniting the seigniory of Senigallia with Urbino.
How old was Guidobaldo when he died?
Suffering from gout, Guidobaldo died in Fossombrone at the age of 36, and was succeeded by his nephew.
Who was Guidobaldo da Montefeltro?
Federico III da Montefeltro. Mother. Battista Sforza. Guidobaldo (Guido Ubaldo) da Montefeltro (25 January 1472 – 10 April 1508), also known as Guidobaldo I, was an Italian condottiero and the Duke of Urbino from 1482 to 1508.
Who was Federico da Montefeltro's son?
Federico da Montefeltro and His Son Guidobaldo (c. 1475), by Justus van Gent or/and Pedro Berruguete. Born in Gubbio, he succeeded his father Federico da Montefeltro as Duke of Urbino in 1482. Guidobaldo married Elisabetta Gonzaga, the sister of Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua. Guidobaldo was impotent, and they had no children, ...
