who was the first prophet after captivity of babylon

The prophets Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi who were active after the Babylonian captivity focussed their Messianic hopes on the new Temple. The historical background to this time is described in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Haggai received his prophecy in the second year of King Darius in 520 BC and continued his proclamation for 4 months.

Full Answer

Who were the Prophets after the Babylonian captivity?

THE PROPHETS WHO APPEARED AFTER THE EXILE The prophets Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi who were active after the Babylonian captivity focussed their Messianic hopes on the new Temple. The historical background to this time is described in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Haggai

When did Ezekiel go into captivity?

[39] Because of Ezekiel’s call while he was in Babylon about 593, some date his captivity to that point; however, the Babylonians took quite a few of the priestly families captive five years earlier. That seems the better date (see Harold H. Rowley, “The Book of Ezekiel in Modern Study,” Men of God [London: T. Nelson, 1963], 169–210).

Was Daniel written during the Babylonian exile?

First view (and traditional one) is that Daniel was written immediately after the Babylonian exile ended and many Jews returned to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple.

What is the timeline of the prophets in the Bible?

Timeline of the Hebrew prophets. (535 BC: First portion of Ezra; 515 BC: Second portion of Ezra and Haggai and Zecharia; Joel possibly some time later; 474 BC: Esther; 450 BC: Remainder of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Malachi.)

Who were the prophets after the exile?

Summary and Analysis The Post-Exilic ProphetsHaggai. When the exiles returned from Babylon, they experienced many bitter disappointments. ... Zechariah. ... Malachi. ... Obadiah. ... Joel.

Who ended the Babylonian Captivity?

Cyrus the GreatThe captivity formally ended in 538 bce, when the Persian conqueror of Babylonia, Cyrus the Great, gave the Jews permission to return to Palestine.

Which prophet destroyed the Babylonian empire?

In 601 BCE, Jehoiakim, king of Judah, revolted against Babylonian rule. despite the strong remonstrances of the prophet Jeremiah....Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)Date589–587 BCELocationJerusalem, JudahResultBabylonian victory Destruction of the First Temple Judeans exiled to Babylon; beginning of the Babylonian captivity1 more row

Was the prophet Jeremiah taken to Babylon?

Since Jeremiah did not go to Babylon but was taken to Egypt, it is doubtful that this chapter was written by him. Perhaps it was added by his scribe, Baruch. (see 2 Kings 24–25; Jeremiah 39.)

When did Israel return from Babylonian captivity?

According to the books of Ezra–Nehemiah, a number of decades later in 538 BCE, the Jews in Babylon were allowed to return to the Land of Judah, due to Cyrus's decree.

What were the results of the Babylonian captivity?

The city was burned, Solomon's temple was destroyed, and the kingdom of Judah came to an end. According to Jeremiah, the Babylonians took the remnant of the people captive to Babylon except for some who were left behind under Babylonian rule (see Jeremiah 39:8–10).

Why is Jeremiah called the weeping prophet?

“His message was one of hope and warning. The Israelites were getting away their destiny and God was trying to call them back. Jeremiah was faithful when God gave him a strong word and challenged him to execute that word. They called him the Weeping Prophet because his heart was so tender.”

What led to the fall of Babylon?

In 539 BCE the empire fell to the Persians under Cyrus the Great at the Battle of Opis. Babylon's walls were impregnable and so the Persians cleverly devised a plan whereby they diverted the course of the Euphrates River so that it fell to a manageable depth.

What is Babylon called today?

city of HillahThe ancient city lies within the modern-day city of Hillah, the center of Babel Governorate, Iraq, about 83 kilometers south of Baghdad, the Iraqi capital city.

Who killed Jeremiah in the Bible?

Jeremiah probably died about 570 bce. According to a tradition that is preserved in extrabiblical sources, he was stoned to death by his exasperated fellow countrymen in Egypt.

How old was Jeremiah when he became a prophet?

He is believed to have been about 20 years old when he was called to prophesy. The prophet said, “The word of the Lord came in the days of Josiah, the son of Amon king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign.” It is interesting to see the line of kings and the influence they had over the people.

When did Babylon take Jeremiah?

587 BCThe intent seemed to be to kill Jeremiah by starvation, while allowing the officials to claim to be innocent of his blood. Ebed-Melech, an Ethiopian, rescued Jeremiah by pulling him out of the cistern, but Jeremiah remained imprisoned until Jerusalem fell to the Babylonian army in 587 BC.

How long did the Babylonian captivity last?

A careful calculation, however, using Jewish reckoning from the taking of the first captives, does indeed show that it lasted 70 years. Jehoiachin (also called Jeconiah), king of Judah, was captured by King Nebuchadnezzar and taken to Babylon, along with some 10,000 of Jerusalem's principal citizens (see 2 Kgs.

Who conquered Babylon?

Persian king Cyrus the GreatThe Neo-Babylonian Empire, like the earlier Babylonia, was short-lived. In 539 B.C., less than a century after its founding, the legendary Persian king Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon.

How many Israelites returned Babylon?

Did All of the Jews Return? Ezra 2:64–65indicates that approximately fifty thousand people made the first trip back to Jerusalem. Ezra 1:4tells of the responsibilities of the Jews who remained in Babylonia.

How long was Judah in Babylonian captivity?

provides a theological explanation for Judah's exile to Babylon: the captivity fulfilled Jeremiah's prophecy “until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths . . . seventy years” (2 Chr 36:20-21). This specifically marks the beginning of the 70 years at 605, since it makes reference to the beginning of Judah's captivity.

Where did the prophets come from?from questionsonislam.com

Almost all of the prophets mentioned in the Quran emerged in the Mediterranean basin, to be precise, in Mesopotamia and Arabia. It leads us to the idea that most of the prophets emerged in the East and Middle East. What is the wisdom and reason behind it? Were prophets not sent to other places of the world and other nations? If they were, why were they not mentioned in the Quran?

What did the prophets do for the Jews?from rsc.byu.edu

The prophets also fueled the Jews’ desire to return to their own land, rebuild God’s temple, and once more become His people. Further, these inspired men facilitated the miracle by satisfactorily answering the exile’s most urgent questions and, in the process, giving the Jews both hope and direction. [6]

What was the reaction of the exiles after the fall of Jerusalem?from rsc.byu.edu

The reaction of the exiles after the fall of Jerusalem to the promises of deliverance and restoration brought to the prophets all they could have hoped for. The people confessed their sins and turned to their Lord. Solomon’s inspired prayer had seen them “repent, and make supplication unto thee [Jehovah] in the land of them that carried them captives, saying, We have sinned, and have done perversely, we have committed wickedness” (1 Kings 8:47). Then would they “return unto thee with all their heart, and with all their soul, in the land of their enemies, which led them away captive, and pray unto thee toward their land, which thou gavest their fathers” (1 Kings 8:48). Isaiah quoted their prayer for restoration. They would ask the Lord to “return for thy servants’ sake, the tribes of thine inheritance. The people of thy holiness have possessed it but a little while: our adversaries have trodden down thy sanctuary. We are thine: thou never barest rule over them; they were not called by thy name” (Isaiah 63:17–19). To their prayer the Lord would respond, “I will bring forth a seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah an inheritor of my mountains: and mine elect shall inherit it, and my servants shall dwell there” (Isaiah 65:9).

How did the conditions in Babylon contribute to the success of the Jewish people?from rsc.byu.edu

On the surface it seems surprising that the force that would preserve the nation would come from so few people, even if they were the more elite, but here the second factor came into play. Conditions in Babylon contributed markedly to their success. Though the Jews did suffer some discomfort and instability (especially during the first few years of exile) and were not free to return to their homeland, they were not prisoners, either. Theirs was a kind of modified, somewhat benevolent, internment that allowed them to buy land, open shops, move into civil service, and attend to their many chores. Eventually many of them settled into a comfortable, if unconnected, lifestyle. [19] The historical writings of the Bible suggest that they developed communities of their own and prospered in peace. [20] The Babylonians allowed them to assemble and to carry out certain civil and religious duties among themselves. [21] Many Jews entered trade, and some became quite wealthy. [22] Facilitating that favorable internment would have been the Jewish administrators, such as Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, who were moving up in the ranks of Babylonian government. By the year 531 B.C., Zerubbabel had risen to the position of cup bearer, second in command among the palace bureaucrats. Some of the Jewish leaders were in an excellent position both to assist the captives and to enhance their desire to return and restore their homeland and temple.

What happened to the Judean kings in the 7th century?from bibleodyssey.org

In the late seventh century, the Judean kings found themselves in the middle of a political hornets’ nest. Nineveh, the Assyrian capital, had fallen to the Babylonians and Medes in 612 B.C.E., freeing Judah from Assyrian rule. In 609, the Egyptians rushed to support Assyria in their final stand in Syria. Josiah (640–609 B.C.E.), Judah’s king, was eager to see Assyria’s final demise, so he tried to block the Egyptians’ route at Megiddo; but the Egyptians killed him ( 2Kgs 23:29-30; 2Chr 35:20-24 ). Suddenly, Egypt was calling the shots in Judah.

How long did the King go mad?from rsc.byu.edu

The king, according to the revelation, would go mad for seven years, “till thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will” (Daniel 4:25). Nebuchadnezzar may rule over Babylon and its temples, but Jehovah ruled over him. The malady struck that very hour. [36] .

What did the Babylonian Jews lack?from rsc.byu.edu

What they lacked was the one thing the Babylonian Jews had uniquely: the prophets . The Jews taken captive to Babylon included not only the socially elite but the spiritually elite as well. This brings us to the third factor that helped these Jews keep alive the spirit of restoration.

What did the prophets do for the Jews?

The prophets also fueled the Jews’ desire to return to their own land, rebuild God’s temple, and once more become His people. Further, these inspired men facilitated the miracle by satisfactorily answering the exile’s most urgent questions and, in the process, giving the Jews both hope and direction. [6]

How did the conditions in Babylon contribute to the success of the Jewish people?

On the surface it seems surprising that the force that would preserve the nation would come from so few people, even if they were the more elite, but here the second factor came into play. Conditions in Babylon contributed markedly to their success. Though the Jews did suffer some discomfort and instability (especially during the first few years of exile) and were not free to return to their homeland, they were not prisoners, either. Theirs was a kind of modified, somewhat benevolent, internment that allowed them to buy land, open shops, move into civil service, and attend to their many chores. Eventually many of them settled into a comfortable, if unconnected, lifestyle. [19] The historical writings of the Bible suggest that they developed communities of their own and prospered in peace. [20] The Babylonians allowed them to assemble and to carry out certain civil and religious duties among themselves. [21] Many Jews entered trade, and some became quite wealthy. [22] Facilitating that favorable internment would have been the Jewish administrators, such as Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, who were moving up in the ranks of Babylonian government. By the year 531 B.C., Zerubbabel had risen to the position of cup bearer, second in command among the palace bureaucrats. Some of the Jewish leaders were in an excellent position both to assist the captives and to enhance their desire to return and restore their homeland and temple.

How long did the King go mad?

The king, according to the revelation, would go mad for seven years, “till thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will” (Daniel 4:25). Nebuchadnezzar may rule over Babylon and its temples, but Jehovah ruled over him. The malady struck that very hour. [36] .

How many Jews were deported in Babylon?

Jeremiah gives the total number of those deported (in 597, 587, and 582 B.C.) as forty-six hundred (see Jeremiah 52:28–30).

What is the miracle that keeps Judah's faith from extinction?

One aspect of that miracle central to the success of all the others is prophecy. Judah’s prophets kept her faith from extinction and her culture from decay. They did this, in part, by reminding her of her unique relation to her God and the mission He had assigned her.

What happened to the Jewish capital in 580 B.C.?

The destruction of the Jewish capital with its temple successfully demolished the Jewish state and ended its priestly activities. In 580 B.C. the Jewish people, beaten and scattered, were but an agglomeration of individual refugees living under foreign rule. [1] .

Where did Jews live before the Babylonians?

The same is true of those Jews living in lands outside of Palestine. Even before the Babylonians marched, Jews had established a few communities and bolstered the population of others as they attempted to escape to more secure climes. [13] As chapters 42 through 44 of Jeremiah show, Egypt became very attractive for many of these. Quite a number of Jews settled in Daphnae, a city in the Nile delta; others moved farther south. Some were hired as mercenaries and developed a colony at Elephantine, near the first cataract of the Nile. [14] The successful Jewish communities in Egypt acted as magnets, and more Jews flowed into that country. But Egyptian favoritism did not act to stir into flame the coals of Judah’s desire to return. Rather, Egyptian wiles seem to have acted more to cool what little heat there was.

Who was the first Babylonian king to captivity Judah?

The first Babylonian captivity of Judah happened during the reign of King Jehoiachin and it was the beginning of a series of captivities that would plague Judah for almost a century. The people of Judah still didn’t learn their lesson and God had to judge them once again. References:

Who sent the Israelites into captivity?

The Lord had sent the Israelites into captivity by the hands of the Assyrian and this was punishment for their sins. The people of Judah didn’t learn from this example. So God eventually sent them into captivity by the power of the Babylonians.

What did Jeroboam do to the Israelites?

Jeroboam’s actions introduced idolatry to the Israelites and Judeans in a new way. Many people from both parts of the divided kingdom took to idolatry and God became angry. God didn’t just automatically judge and condemn the people he sent them prophets to warn them about their idolatrous ways.

Why did the Golden Calf Cult start?

When the Kingdom first split in half the people still worshipped at God’s temple but the first ruler of the newly formed Israeli kingdom decided that he was going to start the Golden Calf Cult so that he could keep the people of Israel from being reunited with Judah through their devotion to the Lord.

Where did King Nebuchadnezzar spend his days?

He ended up spending the rest of his days in Babylon as a prisoner. King Nebuchadnezzar had also marched many of the elite citizens of Judah back to Babylon as well. The people of Judah were forced to pay tribute to King Nebuchadnezzar.

Why did God take the Hebrews to Canaan?

He wanted them to be set apart so that they could be used to tell the people of the Earth about who he is and how he wants them to live. The Lord is holy and he expects his servants to live in the same way. God had given the Hebrew people the fertile land of Canaan to the Hebrew people after he drove out the other nations that occupied the territory. The reason he took the land away from these people was due to their wickedness, deviant sexual practices and idolatry. Once the Hebrew people settled into Canaan, God had to constantly warn them about getting involved in the pagan practices that went on in other nations.

Why did God use priests?

The Lord used priests to help get the people to honor him, but the people only listened to them half of the time. God established righteous kings who did a lot during their reign to keep the people devoted to his truth but once most of these good kings died the people went right back into idolatry.

Who was the prophet of Babylonia?

The Prophet Jeremiah and the Exile to Babylonia, Bryna Jochebed Levy, COJS. The biblical prophet Jeremiah is perhaps best remembered for his doomsday prophecies. He criticized his generation for their wayward behavior, and then watched them fall at the hands of their geopolitical enemies. Needless to say, Jeremiah lived through a tumultuous time in ...

Who sent the letter to the elders of the Babylonian exile?

This is the letter that Jeremiah the prophet sent to the elders of the Babylonian exile…-. If they say unto you while you are among them, serve idols, children of Israel, you answer them- the idols that you are worshiping are not able to bring rain upon the earth and make the fruit grow….

What was the message of Jeremiah?

of King Jehoiachin, Jeremiah sent the following message “…to the priests, the prophets, the rest of the elders of the exile community, and to all the people whom Nebuchadnezzar had exiled from Jerusalem to Babylon—a fter King Jeconiah [a reference to Jehoiachin], the queen mother, the eunuchs, the officials of Judea and Jerusalem, and the craftsmen and smiths had left Jerusalem” (29-1)-

Why did Nebuchadnezzar take Jerusalem?

Nebuchadnezzar seized the event as an opportunity to eliminate the problem of a rebellious Jewish people in Judea. For two years, the Babylonians besieged Jerusalem, until the city finally fell in 586 B.C.E. Many Jews were killed, and most of those who remained were carried off into exile.

What does the Aramaic text mean in Jeremiah's missive?

By postulating that the Aramaic text was part of Jeremiah’s missive, the translation interprets the condemnation of idolatry as instructions as to how to engage in polemic. Jeremiah supplies the exiles with a response to the gentiles who prevail upon them to worship idols – and in their own language, no less.

What is Jeremiah's letter to the exiles?

Jeremiah’s Letter to the Exiles of chapter 29 served as the basis of the apocryphal work, The Epistle of Jeremiah. The later text is presented as if it were a copy of Jeremiah’s letter, but it expounds further, and with significant differences.

What was the purpose of King Josiah's intervention in the battle of Carchemish?

In 605 B.C.E., when the Egyptians were en route to aid the Assyrians in their battle against the Babylonians, at Carchemish, on the border between Turkey and Syria, King Josiah tried to interfere with their progress, a delay that would help the Babylonians.

Who was the king of Babylon?

Babylon was besieged by Cyrus, nephew of Darius the Mede, and commanding general of the combined armies of the Medes and Persians. Cyrus made Darius king of Babylon. Both Israel and Judah would return to their own land. Judah had split off from Israel, but in God's eyes they were still His people.

Who was the king of Babylon in the third year?

1 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.

How did God use Daniel?

And God used Daniel in many ways, one of which was by giving him dreams and visions, and the ability to interpret the dreams of others.

What did Daniel say to Arioch?

2:14 Then Daniel answered with counsel and wisdom to Arioch the captain of the king's guard, which was gone forth to slay the wise [men] of Babylon:

What does Daniel say about the secret of the God of Heaven?

2:19 Then was the secret revealed unto Daniel in a night vision. Then Daniel blessed the God of heaven.

What did the Israelites pray for?

The Israelites were told to pray for the city of their captivity, Babylon. "Build ye houses, and dwell in them; and plant gardens, and eat the fruit of them; . . . and seek the peace of the city whither I have caused you to be carried away captives, and pray unto the Lord for it: for in the peace thereof shall ye have peace." Jeremiah 29:5-7

How long did the King nourish the people?

5 And the king appointed them a daily provision of the king's meat, and of the wine which he drank: so nourishing them three years, that at the end thereof they might stand before the king.

Why were the Israelites in captivity in Babylon?

Captivity in Babylon to Rebuilding of Jerusalem’s Walls. While in captivity in Babylon, the Israelites had many tests of their faith. Shaʹdrach, Meʹshach and A·bedʹne·go were thrown into a fiery hot furnace, but God brought them out alive.

What happened to Daniel in Babylon?

Later, after Babylon was defeated by the Medes and the Persians, Daniel was pitched into a lions’ pit, but God also protected him by shutting the mouths of the lions.

Who freed the Israelites?

Finally, the Persian king Cyrus freed the Israelites. They returned to their homeland just 70 years after they were taken away to Babylon as captives. One of the first things they did when they returned to Jerusalem was to begin building Jehovah’s temple. However, enemies soon stopped their work.

Who prophesied about Babylon's fall?from israelmyglory.org

The prophet Daniel may have shown him Jeremiah’s prophecy about Babylon’s fall and Israel’s seventy-year captivity (Jer. 25:12–13). He also could have shown the king’s name in the book of Isaiah as the one prophesied to allow Jerusalem and the Temple to be rebuilt (Isa. 44:28). Zerubbabel was to lead the first aliyah.

Who was the king of Purim?from chabad.org

The king of the Purim story was a rabid anti-Semite. Upon the instigation of the Samaritans, bitter enemies of the Jews residing in the land of Israel, he halted the construction of the Temple. Ahasuerus, too, miscalculated the end of the 70 years, figuring them from 3327, the date that Nebuchadnezzar exiled the 1,000 Jewish sages. In the year 3395, the third year of his reign, believing that the 70 years had passed without Jewish redemption, Ahasuerus made his famous feast. (Although only 68 years elapsed from 3327, Ahasuerus reckoned partial years of previous kings as full years. That was not an error, as the Talmud reckons the reign of monarchs in a similar way. His mistake was the starting point for the 70 years.) Disaster then struck when, drinking from the holy vessels of the Bais Hamikdash, he ordered the execution of his queen Vashti. The ensuing story of Purim is well known, and the following chart gives the dates for the major events of the book of Esther. Note that the Purim story unfolds over a 14-year span, from 3393-3406:

Where Is Babylon?from history.com

The town of Babylon was located along the Euphrates River in present-day Iraq, about 50 miles south of Baghdad. It was founded around 2300 B.C. by the ancient Akkadian-speaking people of southern Mesopotamia.

How did Edwin Thiele calculate the dates of the reigns of the kings of Judah?from en.wikipedia.org

Using the information in Kings and Chronicles, Edwin Thiele calculated the dates of the reigns of the kings of Judah from the division of the kingdom, which he calculates to have been in 931–930 BCE. Thiele noticed that for the first seven kings of Israel (ignoring Zimri's seven-day reign), the synchronisms to Judean kings fell progressively behind by one year for each king. Thiele saw this as evidence that the northern kingdom was measuring the years by a non-accession system (first partial year of reign was counted as year one), whereas the southern kingdom was using the accession method (it was counted as year zero). He also concluded that the calendars for reckoning the years of kings in Judah and Israel were offset by six months, that of Judah starting in Tishri (in the fall) and that of Israel in Nisan (in the spring). This is the conclusion from cross-synchronizations between the two kingdoms which often allows the narrowing of the beginning and/or ending dates of a king within a six-month period, identifying the difference as due to the calendar starting date. Once these were understood, the various reign lengths and cross-synchronisms for these kings was determined, and the sum of reigns for both kingdoms produced 931/930 BCE for the division of the kingdom when working backwards from the Battle of Qarqar in 853 BC.

What year did Hezekiah reign?from en.wikipedia.org

Albright dated the fall of the Kingdom of Israel to 721 BC, whereas E. R. Thiele calculated the date as 723 BC. If Albright's or Thiele's dating are correct, then Hezekiah's reign would begin in either 729 or 727 BCE. On the other hand, 18:13 states that Sennacherib invaded Judah in the 14th year of Hezekiah's reign. Assyrian records date this invasion to 701 BC, and Hezekiah's reign would therefore begin in 716/715 BC. This dating would be confirmed by the account of Hezekiah's illness in chapter 20, which immediately follows Sennacherib's departure ( 2 Kings 20 ). This would date his illness to Hezekiah's 14th year, which is confirmed by Isaiah's statement ( 2 Kings 18:5) that he would live fifteen more years (29−15=14). These problems are all addressed by scholars who make reference to the ancient Near Eastern practice of coregency .

What is the main entrance to the inner city of Babylon called?from history.com

The main entrance to the inner city of Babylon was called the Ishtar Gate. The portal was decorated with bright blue glazed bricks adorned with pictures of bulls, dragons and lions.

How many months did the calendars of Judah and Israel offset?from en.wikipedia.org

He also concluded that the calendars for reckoning the years of kings in Judah and Israel were offset by six months, that of Judah starting in Tishri (in the fall) and that of Israel in Nisan (in the spring).

Overview

Post Exile

c. 530 BC First view (and traditional one) is that Daniel was written immediately after the Babylonian exile ended and many Jews returned to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. Daniel's prophetic visions revealed successive empires that would follow, one after the other as well as providing a backdrop of God's eternal, unshakeable kingdom continuing in spite of the earthly upheaval and power struggles. The scholarly view is that the "prophecy" of Daniel was written in …

the Exodus

the Land of Israel

During the Kingdom of Israel and Judah

Before and during Exile