When was the 2nd Battle of Bull Run?
August 28, 1862Second Battle of Bull Run / Start date
Why was the 2nd Bull Run battle important?
Yet the Second Battle of Bull Run, otherwise known as the Second Battle of Manassas, was significant in its own right. An unambiguous Southern victory, it cemented General Robert E. Lee's reputation as a brilliant tactician and paved the way for his first invasion of the North.
Who won the battle of Bull Run in the Civil War?
Confederate victoryThe end result of the battle was a Confederate victory and Federal forces retreated to the defenses of Washington, DC. One week later, General George McClellan was appointed head of the Army of the Potomac. The three maps cited below all use the name “Bull Run” to identify the battle.
Where was the 2nd Battle of Bull Run?
Prince William CountySecond Battle of Bull Run / LocationPrince William County is located on the Potomac River in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population sits at 482,204, making it Virginia's second-most populous county. Its county seat is the independent city of Manassas. Wikipedia
How long did the second bull run last?
Second Battle of Bull Run, also called Second Battle of Manassas or Second Manassas, (August 29–30, 1862), in the American Civil War, the second of two engagements fought at a small stream named Bull Run, near Manassas in northern Virginia.
How many people died in the 2nd battle of Bull Run?
Number of casualties at the Second Battle of Bull Run in the American Civil War in 1862CharacteristicUnionConfederacyArmy Size70,00055,000Total Casualties13,8248,353Jul 22, 2019
Who won the first Bull Run?
Confederate victoryIt was a Confederate victory, followed by a disorganized retreat of the Union forces. First Battle of Bull Run....First Battle of Bull Run.DateJuly 21, 1861LocationFairfax County and Prince William County, Virginia 38°48′53″N 77°31′22″WResultConfederate victory
When did Bull Run end?
July 21, 1861First Battle of Bull Run / End date
How many battles of Bull Run were there?
two conflictsThe Battles of Bull Run were two conflicts in the American Civil War. They were fought in the summers of 1861 and 1862 at a small stream named Bull Run, near Manassas, Virginia. The Battles of Bull Run are also called First Manassas and Second Manassas. The Confederacy won both battles.
Why is it called Bull Run?
The first land battle of the Civil War was fought on July 21, 1861, just 30 miles from Washington—close enough for U.S. senators to witness the battle in person. Southerners called it the Battle of Manassas, after the closest town. Northerners called it Bull Run, after a stream running through the battlefield.
What was the 3rd battle of the Civil War?
The Third Battle of Winchester, also known as the Battle of Opequon or Battle of Opequon Creek, was an American Civil War battle fought near Winchester, Virginia, on September 19, 1864....Third Battle of Winchester.Third Battle of Winchester (Battle of Opequon)Casualties and losses5,0184,01511 more rows
What was the second bloodiest battle of the Civil War?
Costliest 15 Battles of the Civil Warbattledate1GettysburgJuly 1-3, 18632Chickamauga*Sept. 18-20, 18633SpotsylvaniaMay 8-21, 18644The WildernessMay 5-7, 186411 more rows
Why was the battle of Bull Run significant?
Significance of the Battle of Bull Run The outcome was significant because it shocked many people, including Northern politicians, who believed the conflict between the North and South would be short-lived. It also provided Southern forces with confidence they could hold their own with the Northern army.
How did the battle of Bull Run promote the war?
Encouraged by early victories by Union troops in western Virginia and by the war fever spreading through the North, President Abraham Lincoln ordered Brigadier General Irvin McDowell to mount an offensive that would hit quickly and decisively at the enemy and open the way to Richmond, thus bringing the war to a ...
What was the second bloodiest battle of the Civil War?
Costliest 15 Battles of the Civil Warbattledate1GettysburgJuly 1-3, 18632Chickamauga*Sept. 18-20, 18633SpotsylvaniaMay 8-21, 18644The WildernessMay 5-7, 186411 more rows
What was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War?
Beginning early on the morning of September 17, 1862, Confederate and Union troops in the Civil War clash near Maryland's Antietam Creek in the bloodiest single day in American military history. The Battle of Antietam marked the culmination of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's first invasion of the Northern states.
When was the Second Battle of Bull Run?
The Second Battle of Bull Run took place during the American Civil War. Specifically, the Battle was fought between August 29-30th,1862, with some...
What was the result of the Second Battle of Bull Run?
The Confederacy won a victory over Union forces at the Second Battle of Bull Run. Confederate forces won both Battles of Bull Run.
What was the significance of the Second Battle of Bull Run?
The Confederate win at the Second Battle of Bull Run led Robert E. Lee to plan a Maryland campaign into Northern territory. He believed the South c...
Why was the Battle of Bull Run important?
The Battle of Bull Run was important because it led Confederate troops into Northern territory. Confederate forces believed they could win the war,...
What happened at the Second Battle of Bull Run?
The Confederate forces at the Second Battle of Bull Run were victorious against the Union. The Union troops were outmaneuvered and unexpectant of t...
How many people died in the Battle of Bull Run?
The Second Battle of Bull Run, like the First (July 21, 1861), was a significant tactical victory for the Confederates and was another blow to Union morale. Union casualties were about 14,000 killed and wounded out of 62,000 engaged (22.5%); the Confederates lost about 1,000 killed and 7,000 wounded out of 50,000. (16%)
Where was the second Battle of Manassas?
Thoroughfare Gap. 2nd Bull Run. Chantilly. Northeastern Virginia (1862) The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 29–30, 1862, in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by ...
What was Pope's intention in the Battle of Jackson?
Pope's intention was to move against Jackson on both flanks. He ordered Fitz John Porter to move toward Gainesville and attack what he considered to be the Confederate right flank. He ordered Sigel to attack Jackson's left at daybreak. Sigel, unsure of Jackson's dispositions, chose to advance along a broad front, with Brig. Gen. Robert C. Schenck 's division, supported by Brig. Gen. John F. Reynolds 's division (McDowell's III Corps) on the left, Brig. Gen. Robert H. Milroy 's independent brigade in the center, and Brig. Gen. Carl Schurz 's division on the right. Schurz's two brigades, moving north on the Manassas-Sudley Road, were the first to contact Jackson's men, at about 7 a.m.
What happened at the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap?
In the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap on August 28, Longstreet's wing broke through light Union resistance and marched through the gap to join Jackson. This seemingly inconsequential action virtually ensured Pope's defeat during the coming battles because it allowed the two wings of Lee's army to unite on the Manassas battlefield.
Where did Jackson attack the Union?
On August 28, 1862, Jackson attacked a Union column just east of Gainesville, at Brawner's Farm, resulting in a stalemate but successfully getting Pope's attention. On that same day, Longstreet broke through light Union resistance in the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap and approached the battlefield.
Who was the Confederate general who attacked the Union at Manassas Junction?
Following a wide-ranging flanking march, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson captured the Union supply depot at Manassas Junction, threatening Pope's line of communications with Washington, D.C. Withdrawing a few miles to the northwest, Jackson took up strong concealed defensive positions on Stony Ridge and awaited the arrival of the wing of Lee's army commanded by Maj. Gen. James Longstreet. On August 28, 1862, Jackson attacked a Union column just east of Gainesville, at Brawner's Farm, resulting in a stalemate but successfully getting Pope's attention. On that same day, Longstreet broke through light Union resistance in the Battle of Thoroughfare Gap and approached the battlefield.
Who blocked Jackson's retreat west across the Bull Run Mountains?
He believed that McDowell and Sigel were blocking Jackson's retreat west across the Bull Run Mountains when in fact King and Ricketts had both retreated southward, while Sigel and Reynolds were south and east of Jackson, who had no intention at all of retreating and was well dug-in and awaiting Longstreet's arrival, which Pope refused to believe was a possibility.
Where was the second Battle of Bull Run?
Second Battle of Bull Run, also called Second Battle of Manassas or Second Manassas, (August 29–30, 1862), in the American Civil War, the second of two engagements fought at a small stream named Bull Run , near Manassas in northern Virginia. (Civil War battles often had one name in the North, which was usually associated with a prominent nearby ...
Who was the 2nd division in the Bull Run?
Gen. John Reynolds and the 2nd Division under Brig. Gen. George Sykes. Pope withdrew under cover of night to Centreville.
How long did Jackson's march take?
Jackson’s “foot cavalry” had covered an astonishing 54 miles (87 km) in just two days. A Confederate detachment drove the Federal defenders from Manassas Junction; after thoroughly plundering the Union supply depot there, Jackson’s men set fire to the rail yard and the remaining Federal stores. When Pope became aware of Jackson’s departure, he arranged for an immediate attack on Longstreet, thinking that Jackson had withdrawn his force to the Shenandoah Valley. However, when the direction of Jackson’s march on Thoroughfare Gap became clear, Pope fell back in order to engage him.
What battle did Lee fight in the Civil War?
Remembering the American Civil War: Overview. At the Second Battle of Bull Run (August 29–30), Lee drove another Union army, under Pope, out of Virginia and followed up by invading Maryland. McClellan was able to check Lee’s forces at Antietam (or Sharpsburg, September 17). Lee withdrew, regrouped, and dealt McClellan’s successor, Ambrose E.….
What was the significance of the Battle of Bull Run?
Military operations in Virginia in the spring and summer of 1862, which included the Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas), were a showcase of Confederate generalship. From Maj. Gen. Stonewall Jackson ’s masterful performance in the Shenandoah Valley Campaign to Gen. Robert E. Lee ’s triumph in the Seven Days’ Battles, Confederate forces consistently engaged much larger Union armies and emerged victorious. With the failure of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan ’s Peninsular Campaign, commanding Union Gen. Henry Halleck ordered McClellan’s Army of the Potomac to assist Maj. Gen. John Pope ’s newly created Army of Virginia in central Virginia. Until the two Union armies could be combined for a renewed assault upon the Confederate capital of Richmond, it fell upon Pope to defend Washington, D.C., and to engage Confederate forces in the area.
Where did Jackson leave the battlefield?
Having made several feints to mislead Federal scouts, Jackson withdrew to a hidden position in the hills between Groveton and Sudley Springs, northwest of the 1861 battlefield. There he awaited the arrival of Lee and Longstreet, who, taking the same route as Jackson, arrived on August 28 at Thoroughfare Gap.
What battles were fought in the Northern Virginia Campaign?
The Northern Virginia Campaign. Military operations in Virginia in the spring and summer of 1862, which included the Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas), were a showcase of Confederate generalship.
What was the second Battle of Bull Run?
The Second Battle of Bull Run stands as one of the most thorough Confederate victories of the American Civil War, and it also saw some of the fiercest combat and highest casualties of any battle during America's bloodiest war. {"error":true,"iframe":true}.
What was the significance of the second Battle of Bull Run?
It was a major Confederate victory that gave Robert E. Lee the momentum necessary to push north into Northern terrritory. There were over 22,000 combined casualties during the battle.
What was Jackson's nickname at the Battle of Bull Run?
Eleven months earlier, at the First Battle of Bull Run, Jackson gained his immortal nickname, 'Stonewall, ' by his brave actions. Now, Bull Run - the small stream running near Manassas Junction - would once again witness a great battle of the American Civil War.
How many people died in the Battle of Bull Run?
On July 21st, 1861, there were over 5,000 casualties at the First Battle of Bull Run. For many, this battle is among the most famous of the Civil War. Yet, in importance, size and ferocity, the First Battle of Bull Run was eclipsed by what happened in August of 1862, when Union and Confederate troops again met in battle on the same fields.
Where were the Confederates on the battlefield?
On August 29th, Jackson's Confederates were in a defensive position just north of the old First Bull Run battlefield. They were in a defensive line near the Sudley Church, using an old rail road cut for defense. A portion of this rail cut was forever known as the 'Deep Cut,' for the unique terrain and the ferocity of fighting that took place there. Part of Jackson's line was also on a hill known as 'Stony Ridge.' Knowing that the Confederates were still on the field, John Pope decided to attack on August 29th. By this time, portions of McClellan's army from the Virginia Peninsula had joined Pope, boosting Federal strength.
Why did Lee send half of his army north?
He sent half of his army (under the command of Jackson) and cavalry (under Major General Jeb Stuart) north to cut off Pope's communications with Washington. Lee hoped this move would either force Pope back to Washington or lead to a Confederate victory. It ultimately did both.
Which battle was more important, the first Bull Run or the second Bull Run?
Yet, despite First Bull Run being more famous, Second Bull Run was arguably more important. It had over four times the casualties from the first battle, and it was a Confederate victory that pushed the South very close to overall victory and independence.
What did the Battle of Bull Run show the North?
The Battle of Bull Run showed the North that beating the Confederates was not going to be as easy as they had hoped.
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
The First battle of Bull Run or First Manassas was the first large land battle fought during the Civil War. It ended up a clear victory for the Confederates.
Who Won The Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)?
Despite their victory, Confederate troops were far too disorganized to press their advantage and pursue the retreating Yankees, who reached Washington by July 22. The First Battle of Bull Run (called First Manassas in the South) cost some 3,000 Union casualties, compared with 1,750 for the Confederates. Its outcome sent northerners who had expected a quick, decisive victory reeling, and gave rejoicing southerners a false hope that they themselves could pull off a swift victory. In fact, both sides would soon have to face the reality of a long, grueling conflict that would take an unimaginable toll on the country and its people.
What was the Union's main battle in the Battle of Bull Run?
McDowell’s Union force struck on July 21, shelling the enemy across Bull Run while more troops crossed the river at Sudley Ford in an attempt to hit the Confederate left flank. Over two hours, 10,000 Federals gradually pushed back 4,500 rebels across the Warrington turnpike and up Henry House Hill. Reporters, congressmen and other onlookers who had traveled from Washington and were watching the battle from the nearby countryside prematurely celebrated a Union victory, but reinforcements from both Johnston and Beauregard’s armies soon arrived on the battlefield to rally the Confederate troops. In the afternoon, both sides traded attacks and counterattacks near Henry House Hill. On Johnston and Beauregard’s orders, more and more Confederate reinforcements arrived, even as the Federals struggled with coordinating assaults made by different regiments.
How many men were on the field at Bull Run?
By four o’clock in the afternoon, both sides had an equal number of men on the field of battle (about 18,000 on each side were engaged at Bull Run), and Beauregard ordered a counterattack along the entire line. Screaming as they advanced (the “rebel yell” that would become infamous among Union troops) the Confederates managed to break the Union line. As McDowell’s Federals retreated chaotically across Bull Run, they ran headlong into hundreds of Washington civilians who had been watching the battle while picnicking on the fields east of the river, now making their own hasty retreat.
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
The First Battle of Bull Run , also known as the Battle of Manassas, marked the first major land battle of the American Civil War. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia.
What happened to Stonewall Jackson?
After First Manassas, Stonewall Jackson further distinguished himself in the Shenandoah Valley, Second Manassas and Fredericksburg. The man Lee called his "right arm" was accidentally shot by his own men at Chancellorsville and died of complications relating to the injury.
Who was the leader of the Union at the Battle of Manassas?
Among the future leaders on both sides who fought at First Manassas were Ambrose E. Burnside and William T. Sherman (for the Union) along with Confederates like Stuart, Wade Hampton, and most famously, Thomas J. Jackson, who earned his enduring nickname, “Stonewall” Jackson, in the battle.
When did the Union Army advance on Richmond?
By July 1861, two months after Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter to begin the Civil War, the northern press and public were eager for the Union Army to make an advance on Richmond ahead of the planned meeting of the Confederate Congress there on July 20.
Overview
Battle
The Second Battle of Bull Run began on August 28 as a Federal column, under Jackson's observation just outside Gainesville, near the farm of the John Brawner family, moved along the Warrenton Turnpike. It consisted of units from Brig. Gen. Rufus King's division: the brigades of Brig. Gens. John P. Hatch, John Gibbon, Abner Doubleday, and Marsena R. Patrick, marching eastward to conce…
Background
After the collapse of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign in the Seven Days Battles of June 1862, President Abraham Lincoln appointed John Pope to command the newly formed Army of Virginia. Pope had achieved some success in the Western Theater, and Lincoln sought a more aggressive general than McClellan.
Opposing forces
Gen. Pope's Army of Virginia of approximately 51,000 men was divided into three army corps:
The I Corps, under Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel consisted of the divisions of:
• Brig Gen. Robert C. Schenck (brigades of Brig Gen. Julius Stahel and Col. Nathaniel C. McLean).
• Brig Gen. Adolph von Steinwehr (brigade of Col. John A. Koltes).
Aftermath
The Second Battle of Manassas, like the First (July 21, 1861), was a significant tactical victory for the Confederates and was another blow to Union morale. Union casualties were about 14,000 killed and wounded out of 62,000 engaged (22.5%); the Confederates lost about 1,000 killed and 7,000 wounded out of 50,000. (16%)
As the Union Army concentrated on Centreville, Lee planned his next move. He sent Jackson on …
Battlefield preservation
Part of the site of the battle is now Manassas National Battlefield Park. Located north of Manassas, in Prince William County, Virginia, it preserves the site of two major American Civil War battles: the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861, and the Second Battle of Bull Run which was fought between August 28 and August 30, 1862 (also known as the First Battle of Manassas and the Second Battle of Manassas, respectively). The peaceful Virginia countryside bore witness to …
See also
• List of American Civil War battles
• Armies in the American Civil War
• Manassas National Battlefield Park
• Clara Barton
Notes
1. ^ National Park Service.
2. ^ The National Park Service has established these dates for the battle. The references by Greene, Hennessy, Salmon, and Kennedy (whose works are closely aligned with the NPS) adopt these dates as well. However, all of the other references to this article specify that the action on August 28 was a battle separate from the Second Battle of Bull Run. Some of these authors name the action on August 28 the Battle of Groveton, Brawner's Farm, or Gainesville.