What was the outcome of the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
The fighting dragged on throughout the day, as the Confederates gradually forced Slough to retreat eastward. When a detachment of Union infantry burned their supply train, the Rebels were forced to retreat. Glorieta Pass is commonly referred to as the “Gettysburg of the West.”
Why was the Battle of Glorieta Pass called Gettysburg?
When a detachment of Union infantry burned their supply train, the Rebels were forced to retreat. Glorieta Pass is commonly referred to as the “Gettysburg of the West.” It was here that Federal forces were finally able to turn back the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory.
What are some good books about the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
The Battle of Glorieta Pass: A Gettysburg in the West, March 26–28, 1862. University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-1896-7. Frazier, Donald S. (1995). Blood and Treasure: The Confederate Empire in the Southwest. College Station, Texas: Texas A & M University Press. ISBN 978-0-89096-639-6. Hudnall, Ken (2005).
What did Colonel Scurry say about the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
After the retreat of his army to Santa Fe from the battlefield at Glorieta Pass, Colonel Scurry reported what he considered a Confederate victory to General Sibley. Santa Fe, N. Mex., March 30, 1862GENERAL: I arrived here this morning with my command and have taken quarters for the present in this city.
Who won the Battle of Glorieta Pass north or south?
There were about 375 casualties over the three days of fighting. The Federals proved to be victorious because they were able to destroy all Confederate supplies.
When did the Battle of Glorieta Pass end?
March 26, 1862 – March 28, 1862Battle of Glorieta Pass / Period
Where did the Battle of Glorieta Pass happen?
Santa Fe CountyNew Mexico TerritorySan Miguel CountyBattle of Glorieta Pass/Locations
Why was the Battle of Glorieta Pass important to the Civil War?
the battle of Glorieta Pass, which took place near Santa Fe on March 28, 1862. The battle, although almost forgotten today, is important because it deprived the Confederacy of four potentia] advantages which could have altered the course of the War be- tween the States.
How long is Glorieta Pass?
Prior to the battle Union forces performed a forced march from Denver, over Raton Pass, to Fort Union and then to Glorieta Pass, covering the distance of 400 miles (600 km) in 14 days. Combat commenced shortly after their arrival at the battlefield, leaving them little time to recuperate.
When did the Battle of Glorieta Pass happen?
March 26, 1862Battle of Glorieta Pass / Start date
What happened in the Glorieta Pass?
On March 28, 1862, Union forces stop the Confederate invasion of New Mexico Territory when they turn the Rebels back at Glorieta Pass. This action was part of the broader movement by the Confederates to capture New Mexico and other parts of the West.
What was the name of the final battle of the Civil War?
Appomattox Courthouse Fought on April 9 1865, the final battle between the forces of General Ulysses Grant and General Robert E Lee was the Battle of Appomattox Court House. Lee had spent the previous year defending Richmond but decided at this point to try and move south to link up with other Confederate forces.
Why was the Battle of Sabine Pass important?
The First Battle of Sabine Pass (1862), little more than a quick Confederate surrender, allowed the Union to maintain domination over a huge swath of land by controlling the railroad between Beaumont and Houston and river transportation for hundreds of miles.
What was the name of the final battle of the Civil War?
Appomattox Courthouse Fought on April 9 1865, the final battle between the forces of General Ulysses Grant and General Robert E Lee was the Battle of Appomattox Court House. Lee had spent the previous year defending Richmond but decided at this point to try and move south to link up with other Confederate forces.
What was the name of the battle that forced the Confederates to retreat eastward?
Glorieta Pass is commonly referred to as the “Gettysburg of the West. ”.
Who commanded the Santa Fe Trail?
Sibley's Confederates in the area were a few hundred mounted volunteers from Texas commanded by Major Charles L. Pyron.
When did the Battle of Glorieta Pass take place?
The battle erupts - March 26, 1862. The Battle of Glorieta Pass took place during the winter months of the year. At an elevation above 7,000 feet, hilly, rocky, and covered with forest, both sides dealt with cold, snow, altitude, and enclosed terrain. The conflict began on March 26, 1862 when the Union forces encountered ...
Where did the Confederate troops fight in the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
Meanwhile, the majority of both forces fought in a fierce battle at Glorieta Pass near Pigeon’s Ranch that lasted from late morning to near dark.
How many Union soldiers were on the Glorieta Mesa?
About 500 Union soldiers made their way up Glorieta Mesa in the morning. Their instructions were to work their way around and attack the Confederates from the rear. After several hours of marching across the mesa, they discovered the Confederate supply train at Johnson’s Ranch.
What battle was the Black Powder cannon demonstration?
Battle of Glorieta Pass. Black powder cannon demonstration during the Civil War Encampment living history event, March 2019. Although many associate the Civil War with eastern battlefields like Antietam or the Wilderness, the fight over slavery in the United States extended much further west.
What happened on March 27, 1862?
Expecting more fighting to come, both sides sent for reinforcements. On March 27, 1862, each side waited for more reinforcements, which arrived that night. No fighting took place on this day.
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg called the Battle of the West?
In March of 1862, the war brought a battle to Glorieta Pass. Some refer to the battle as the Gettysburg of the West due to its overall significance to the war. The Confederates campaigned to take control of the West, which would have greatly improved their chances of success.
How many people died in the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
Union casualties at the Battle of Glorieta Pass numbered 51 killed, 78 wounded, and 15 captured. Confederate forces suffered 48 killed, 80 wounded, and 92 captured. While a tactical Confederate victory, the Battle of Glorieta Pass proved to be a key strategic win for the Union.
Who led the Union forces at Glorieta Pass?
Recovering from the defeat at Valverde, Union forces led by Colonel John P. Slough and Major John Chivington, engaged the Confederates at Glorieta Pass in late March. Though the Confederates won a tactical victory at the pass, a column commanded by Chivington captured their supply train. The loss of their wagons and supplies compelled Sibley to withdraw from the region. The strategic victory at Glorieta Pass effectively secured control of the Southwest for the Union for the remainder of the war. As a result, the battle has sometimes, rather grandiosely, been referred to as the "Gettysburg of the West."
What was Chivington's goal?
Chivington was given orders to take his men in a circling movement with the goal of striking the Confederate flank as Slough engaged their front. In the Confederate camp, Scurry also planned an advance with the goal of attacking at the Union troops in the pass.
What was the attack on Pyron's line?
Chivington Attacks. Assaulting Pyron's line, Chivington's initial attack was beaten back by Confederate artillery. He then split his force in two and repeatedly flanked Pyron's men forcing them to retreat twice. As Pyron fell back a second time, Chivington's cavalry swept in and captured the Confederate rearguard.
What was the name of the battle that led to the capture of the New Mexico Territory?
The Battle of Glorieta Pass was fought March 26-28, 1862, during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and was the culminating engagement of the New Mexico Campaign. Pushing into the New Mexico Territory in early 1862, Brigadier General Henry H. Sibley sought to drive Union forces from the region and open a path to California. His initial actions proved successful and his troops won a victory at the Battle of Valverde in February. Pushing on, Sibley intended to capture the Union base at Fort Craig.
What was the name of the base that Sibley captured along the Santa Fe Trail?
The capture of the pass would allow Sibley to advance and capture Fort Union , a key base along the Santa Fe Trail. Camping at Apache Canyon in Glorieta Pass, Pyron's men were attacked on March 26 by 418 Union soldiers led by Major John M. Chivington.
Why did Sibley withdraw from the Union?
Due to the loss of his supply train, Sibley was forced to withdraw back to Texas, ultimately arriving at San Antonio. The defeat of Sibley's New Mexico Campaign effectively ended Confederate designs on the Southwest and the area remained in Union hands for the duration of the war.
What was at stake in the Battle of Shiloh?
At stake was control of the vast, sparsely populated but mineral rich region that is today’s Southwest and Intermountain West. The invasion of New Mexico by Confederate Texans ...
Where was the Battle of Valverde?
The Battle of Valverde, fought in the Rio Grande bottomlands north of Fort Craig on February 21, was the largest and westernmost battle of the Civil War campaign in New Mexico. The fortunes of war swayed repeatedly, but by evening the Texans had captured one of the two Union artillery batteries and driven Canby back to Fort Craig.
How many days did Sibley have to advance to Fort Union?
Still, through purchase or confiscation, the Texans managed to accumulate about 40 days ’ worth of supplies, which Sibley considered adequate to continue his advance to Fort Union. His vanguard, commanded by Maj. Charles L. Pyron of the 2nd Texas and augmented by an irregular unit known as the “Brigands” or “Company of Santa Fe Gamblers,” was already in the capital and on the Santa Fe Trail, the military highway to Fort Union. Sibley had already sent the bulk of his brigade, a field column commanded by Lt. Col. Scurry of the 4th Texas, to the east side of the Sandia Mountains near Albuquerque in preparation for the advance. On March 12, soldiers of this column, approximately 1,000 men of the 4th and 7th Texas regiments, with accompanying artillery and wagon train, began moving toward the Santa Fe Trail, some twelve miles east of the capital. Sibley remained in Albuquerque with more than half of the 5th Texas and a company of the 4th Texas guarding the supplies.
What territory did Sibley lead?
Sibley proposed to lead a mounted force to New Mexico, live off the land, defeat the Federal forces encountered and secure the military supplies and natural resources of the territory (encompassing modern New Mexico and Arizona, as well as part of Nevada) for the Confederacy.
Why did the Union move down the trail?
It was here that Union forces under Maj. Chivington prepared to move down the trail to stop the Confederate forces advancing into the New Mexico territory. After the battle, hospital tents were set up to tend to the wounded.
Why did the Confederates retreat to Santa Fe?
The Confederates retreated to Santa Fe to recover their strength and replace their supplies, and plan another advance on Fort Union.
What was Sibley's role in the Texas army?
Nonetheless, during the late summer and early autumn of 1861, he raised a brigade of three mounted regiments, the 4th, 5th and 7th Texas Mounted Volunteers, along with supporting artillery and supply units.
What was the significance of the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
This battle--the Battle of Glorieta Pass--represented the high water mark for a bold Confederate offensive into Union Territory on the western frontier. Here volunteers from Colorado clashed with tough Texans intent on conquering New Mexico. Victory here would be a necessary prelude to detaching the western states from the Union and expanding the Confederacy to the Pacific Ocean. Referred to as the "Gettysburg of the West" by many historians, this running battle along canyon and ridge from March 26-28, 1862 culminated in the retreat back to Texas of the invading Confederate forces. Glorieta Pass was another great turning point in the Civil War, the battle that shattered the western dreams of the Confederate States of America.
Where is Glorieta Pass Battlefield?
The battlefield is located off I-25 about 25 miles southeast of Santa Fe, New Mexico. The park is open daily from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. from Labor Day to Memorial Day and until 6 p.m. from Memorial Day to Labor Day. Tours and access to the battlefield are ranger-guided and available by reservation only. For more information, contact Pecos National Historical Park, P.O. Box 418, Pecos, New Mexico 87552, or visit the park's web site.
How many soldiers would go west along the Santa Fe Trail?
Slough's 900 soldiers would proceed west along the Santa Fe Trail and block Glorieta Pass, while Chivington and Lieutenant Colonel Manuel Chavez of the New Mexico Volunteers would take 450 men over Glorieta Mesa to attack the Confederate right flank or rearguard.
Where did the Confederate troops go in the Battle of Apache Canyon?
They discovered and captured a Confederate scouting party in Glorieta Pass, then ran into the main body of the Confederate force in Apache Canyon, about 16 miles east of Santa Fe. A two-hour scrimmage, known as the Battle of Apache Canyon, ensued.
Who was the leader of the Confederate Army in 1861?
President Davis authorized General Sibley to raise volunteers for the Confederate Army of New Mexico. He assumed command on December 14, 1861, and marched the Fourth, Fifth, and Seventh Texas Mounted Riflemen westward from San Antonio to Fort Bliss, outside of El Paso.
What territory did the Confederacy declare?
On January 18, 1862, the Confederacy declared that the southern half of the United States' New Mexico Territory would become the Confederate Territory of Arizona. Sibley ordered his men to move north towards Albuquerque, launching a winter invasion up the Rio Grande valley.
What happened in the Battle of Pigeon's Ranch?
The battle began in late morning, and the Federal force was thrown back before taking cover among the adobe buildings of Pigeon’s Ranch . A Confederate attack late in the afternoon pushed the Union troops further down the pass, but nightfall halted the advance.
Where did Sibley's troops collide with Union troops?
Sibley’s force collided with Union troops at Valverde near Fort Craig on February 21, but the Yankees were unable to stop the invasion. Sibley left parts of his army to occupy Albuquerque and Santa Fe, and the rest of the troops headed east of Santa Fe along the Pecos River.
What were the towns that the Confederates captured?
Furthermore, the cash-strapped Confederacy could use Western mines to fillits treasury. From San Antonio, the Rebels moved into southern New Mexico (which included Arizona at the time) and captured the towns of Mesilla, Díaz Ana and Tucson. General Henry H. Sibley, with 3,000 troops, now moved north against the Federal stronghold at Fort Craig on the Rio Grande.
What happened on March 28, 1979?
At 4 a.m. on March 28, 1979, the worst accident in the history of the U.S. nuclear power industry begins when a pressure valve in the Unit-2 reactor at Three Mile Island fails to close. Cooling water, contaminated with radiation, drained from the open valve into adjoining ...read more
Where was the Union garrison at Fort Union?
Their next target was the Union garrison at Fort Union, an outpost on the other side of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. At Pigeon’s Ranch near Glorieta Pass, they encountered a Yankee force of 1,300 Colorado volunteers under Colonel John Slough. The battle began in late morning, and the Federal force was thrown back before taking cover among ...
Where is the funeral of Guillotin?
The funeral of Dr. Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, the namesake of the infamous execution device, takes place outside of Paris, France. Guillotin had what he felt were the purest motives for inventing the guillotine and was deeply distressed at how his reputation had become besmirched ...read more
Where did Bob Irsay move the Colts?
On March 28, 1984, Bob Irsay (1923-1997), owner of the once-mighty Baltimore Colts, moves the team to Indianapolis. Without any sort of public announcement, Irsay hired movers to pack up the team’s offices in Owings Mills, Maryland, in the middle of the night, while the city of ...read more