For rubbers and other polymers, elasticity is caused by the stretching of polymer chains when forces are applied. Hooke's law states that the force required to deform elastic objects should be directly proportional to the distance of deformation, regardless of how large that distance becomes.
What makes elastic elastic?
Elastic is a flexible, stretch- able, narrow fabric. Elastic is made from a series of rubber (or stretchable synthetic, such as spandex) cores that are bound or wrapped in polyester, cotton, nylon or a blend of fiber threads. The exterior threads are braided, woven or knit together to create the elastic.
What materials are in elastic?
Elastomers are elastic materials that regain their original shape if they are distorted. Some common elastomers are rubber, a naturally occurring polymer of isoprene, and neoprene, a synthetic polymer of 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene.
What are the characteristics of elastic materials?
Elasticity is the tendency of solid materials to return to their original shape after forces are applied on them. When the forces are removed, the object will return to its initial shape and size if the material is elastic.
What does it mean when a material is elastic?
elasticity, ability of a deformed material body to return to its original shape and size when the forces causing the deformation are removed. A body with this ability is said to behave (or respond) elastically.
What does elastic material mean?
Elastic materials are types of materials that get back to their original shape after getting stretched by an external force. For example, rubber is an elastic material because it is stretched when force is applied to it but returns to its original shape once the forces are removed.
What affects the elasticity of a substance?
The elasticity of a substance is affected by Impurity of substance Hammering and annealing Change in temperature.
What is the most elastic material?
Steel is the most elastic material. If the object is elastic, the body regains its original shape when the pressure is removed. Steel having the steepest linear stress-strain curve among all.
What are the factors that may affect elasticity of a material?
Apart from elastic fatigue some material will have change in their elastic property because of the following factors.Effect of stress.Effect of annealing.Change in temperature.Presence of impurities.Due to the nature of crystals.
What material is most elastic?
SteelSteel is the most elastic material. If the object is elastic, the body regains its original shape when the pressure is removed. Steel having the steepest linear stress-strain curve among all. A stiffer material will have a higher elastic modulus.
Is there rubber in elastic?
At their functional core, all of these stretchy, form-fitting accoutrements rely on a material known as elastic. As a noun (not to be confused with the adjective meaning springy or resilient), elastic refers to any textile -- cord, tape or fabric -- woven with strips of natural or synthetic rubber.
Is elastic made out of rubber?
Elastic band is made from a series of rubber; this rubber is either natural or synthetic rubber. It has significant value for use in textile industry because of its excellent elongation and recovery properties. The word “Spandex” is a general term used to define elastic material.
What are examples of elastic properties?
Elasticity is the ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed. Example: A rubber regains its shape after long stretch because of its elastic property.
Why are elastic materials important?
Elastic materials are of great importance to society since many of them are used to make clothes, tires, automotive spare parts, etc.
What are elastic materials?
The Elastic materials Are those materials that have the ability to resist a distorting or deforming influence or force, and then return to their original shape and size when the same force is removed.
What is the elasticity limit?
For these materials, the elasticity limit marks the end of their elastic behavior and the beginning of their plastic behavior. For weaker materials, the stress or stress on its elasticity limit results in its fracture.
How much elastic can a metal bar be extended?
The elasticity limit depends on the type of solid considered. For example, a metal bar can be extended elastically up to 1% of its original length.
Which elastomer conforms to the hyperelastic ideal?
The behavior of empty and vulcanized elastomers often conform to the hyperelastic ideal. Full elastomers, polymer foams and biological tissues are also modeled with hyperelastic idealization in mind.
What does the tensioning tensioner depend on?
The tensioning tensioner or To the time T Depends only on the order in which the body has occupied its past configurations, but not in the period in which these past configurations were crossed.
How much of a material is considered elastic?
A material is considered as elastic if it can be stretched up to 300% of its original length.
Why are steel and rubber elastic?
The different macroscopic elastic properties of steel and rubber result from their very different microscopic structures. The elasticity of steel and other metals arises from short-range interatomic forces that, when the material is unstressed, maintain the atoms in regular patterns.
What happens when a material is stressed beyond the elastic limit?
For most brittle materials, stresses beyond the elastic limit result in fracture with almost no plastic deformation. Read More on This Topic.
What is the elastic limit of a solid?
This limit, called the elastic limit, is the maximum stress or force per unit area within a solid material ...
How to find the bulk modulus of a gas?
For small volume changes, the bulk modulus, κ, of a gas, liquid, or solid is defined by the equation P = − κ ( V − V0 )/ V0 , where P is the pressure that reduces the volume V0 of a fixed mass of material to V. Since gases can in general be compressed more easily than liquids or solids, the value of κ for a gas is very much less than that for a liquid or solid. By contrast with solids, fluids cannot support shearing stresses and have zero Young’s modulus. See also deformation and flow.
When was linear elasticity first developed?
Linear elasticity as a general three-dimensional theory began to be developed in the early 1820s based on Cauchy’s work. Simultaneously, Navier had developed an elasticity theory based on a simple corpuscular, or particle, model of matter in which particles interacted with their neighbours by….
Is elastic response linear or nonlinear?
The elastic response of these materials is nonlinear except for very small deformations and, for simple tension, can be represented by the constitutive law σ = f ( e ), where f ( e) is a mathematical function of e that depends on the material and that approximates to Ee when e is very small. The term nonlinear means that the graph of σ plotted against e is not a straight line, by contrast with the situation in the linear theory. The energy, W ( e ), stored in the material under the action of the stress σ represents the area under the graph of σ = f ( e ). It is available for transfer into other forms of energy—for example, into the kinetic energy of a projectile from a catapult.
Is the elastic limit proportional or proportional?
The elastic limit nearly coincides with the proportional limit for some elastic materials, so that at times the two are not distinguished; whereas for other materials a region of nonproportional elasticity exists between the two.
Why are some materials elastic?
Solid objects will deform when adequate loads are applied to them; if the material is elastic, the object will return to its initial shape and size after removal. … For rubbers and other polymers, elasticity is caused by the stretching of polymer chains when forces are applied.
What is the evidence that steel is elastic?
The evidence that steel is elastic is that it returns to its original shape when bent. The evidence that putty is inelastic is that it does not return to its original shape when deformed.
What is meant by the elastic limit for a particular object?
Elastic limit, maximum stress or force per unit area within a solid material that can arise before the onset of permanent deformation. When stresses up to the elastic limit are removed, the material resumes its original size and shape. Stresses beyond the elastic limit cause a material to yield or flow.
Why do we say a spring is elastic?
Why do we say that a spring is elastic? When deformed, it returns to its original shape. … When deformed , it does not return to its original shape. If a 1-kg object stretches a spring by 2 cm, then how much will the spring be stretched when it supports a 3-kg object? (Assume the spring does not reach its elastic limit.)
What and where is the neutral layer in a beam that supports a load?
What and where is the neutral layer in a beam that supports a load? The neutral layer beam is the region of neither tension nor compression when supporting a load: it is in the middle portion of the beam.
What is the formula of elastic limit?
In equation form, Hooke’s law is given by F=kΔL F = k Δ L , where ΔL is the change in length. Elasticity is a measure of how difficult it is to stretch an object. In other words it is a measure of how small k is. Very elastic materials like rubber have small k and thus will stretch a lot with only a small force.
What is the greatest stress that can be applied to it without causing plastic (permanent) deformation?
A material’s elastic limit is the greatest stress that can be applied to it without causing plastic (permanent) deformation. When a material is stressed to a point below its elastic limit, it will return to its original length once the stress is removed.
Why is rubber elastic?
Rubber is elastic because the chemical bonds that hold it together can store energy in the form of tension and allow the rubber to stretch , Beyond that I don't think I'm qualified to explain.
Why do rubber bands stretch?
The reason rubber bands stretch is because when you pull on the rubber band, the polymers (which are normally coiled up more or less at random) get stretched lengthwise ...
What is rubber band made of?
Rubber bands are made of natural rubber. Natural rubber is made of long chains of molecules called polymers. Because these polymers are so long (they can be thousands of molecules long) they get tangled up in themselves. The result is a property called elasticity, the polymers are elastic.
What happens when you stop pulling on rubber bands?
When you stop pulling on the rubber band, the polymers return back to their more coiled state and the rubber band goes back to being shorter. One cool experiment which you can easily do with a rubber band is to take a rubber band and hang a small weight off of it.
