The Soviet Union nurtured North Korea’s ability to wage war in the months, days, and even hours leading up to the invasion of South Korea on June 25, 1950, providing essential economic assistance to Kim Il Sung’s fledgling state, and weapons and training for the armed forces.
What did the Soviet Union do in North Korea?
Soviet soldiers were instrumental in the creation and early development of the North Korean People's Army and Korean People's Air Force, as well as for stabilizing the early years of the Northern regime. The Shineuiju Air Force Academy was founded under Soviet leadership on 25 October 1945 in order to train new pilots.
Why did North Korea want to reunite with South Korea?
Seeking its national interests in need of competing with South Korea to reunify the Korean peninsula under the North's leadership, North Korea, ideologically closer to the more revolutionary Chinese, was tilting toward Moscow and the Soviet political, economic and military assistance was resumed.
Did Stalin support North Korea's invasion of Korea?
No, the Soviet leader opposed it. Kim Il Sung told Stalin in advance he was going to attack, in response to South Korean guerilla attacks on the North and chaos brought by South Koreans and the US crushing an uprising against the dictatorship of Synghman Rhee. Stalin urged him not to invade.
How did the Korean War contribute to the Cold War?
When the war broke out in 1950, the Communist Soviet Union, China, and their allies were already locked into a " Cold War " with capitalist countries. Both sides felt that the Korean War carried the potential to further destabilize the precarious relations between both sides, while also offering possible advantages.
Who kept pestering the USSR to invade South Korea?
Who intervened on behalf of North Korea?
Why did Stalin give Mao and Kim Il-sung his approval?
Why did the USSR want to be a proxy war?
Why did the USSR want to test how powerful the US military was at the time?
Why did the USSR turn their focus on the East?
What did Mao want?
See 4 more
About this website
Why did the Soviet Union get involved in the Korean War?
According to a letter dictated by Stalin himself months after the 1950 invasion, and discovered in Soviet archives in 2005, one of the main reasons that Stalin backed a communist invasion of South Korea was to “entangle” the United States in a costly war in East Asia and “distract” America's attention away from Eastern ...
Was the Soviet Union involved in the Korean War?
Despites its denials at the time, the Soviet Union was intimately involved in the Korean War. The contribution made by the Soviets was vital. They provided diplomatic support, strategic and grand tactical planning, including the planning of the invasion of South Korea, and essential logistical support.
Which side of Korea did the Soviet Union support?
North KoreaThe war reached international proportions in June 1950 when North Korea, supplied and advised by the Soviet Union, invaded the South. The United Nations, with the United States as the principal participant, joined the war on the side of the South Koreans, and the People's Republic of China came to North Korea's aid.
How did the Soviet Union influence North Korea?
The Soviet Union had provided much support to North Korea during the Cold War. Soviet troops invaded the Japanese colony of Korea in 1945; by agreement with the U.S., the 38th parallel was the dividing line with Moscow in charge to the north and Washington to the South.
Who supported North Korea in the Korean War?
the Soviet UnionThe two Koreas engaged in border conflict, which escalated when North Korea invaded South Korea on June 25. The Korean War was a proxy war for the Cold War. The West—the United Kingdom and the U.S., supported by the United Nations—supported South Korea, while communist China and the Soviet Union supported North Korea.
Why did communist China help North Korea?
Following setbacks sustained by the Korean People's Army and the crossing of the 38th parallel by the United Nations Command led by the United States Armed Forces, in October 1950 Chinese forces secretly crossed into North Korea in response to security concern of a possible U.S. invasion of Chinese territory.
Why did the Soviet Union not defend South Korea?
The Soviet Union did not vote to defend South Korea at the UN Security Council because they were () the UN over the presence of Taiwan. Between 1944 and 1947, Chinese Nationalists ruled in the () and () regions of China. The Soviet Union set up the () in response to efforts from the West to reunify Germany.
Who was to blame for the Korean War?
In the summer of 1950 communist forces of North Korea invaded the capitalist South, starting the Korean War. Most historians agree that Stalin and the USSR must take responsibility for the outbreak of this war, in an attempt to spread communism.
Was the Soviet Union in the Vietnam War?
As the original communist state, the Soviet Union aided North Vietnam, with increasing support in the late 1960s. While the U.S.S.R. supplied some troops, their biggest contribution was in weaponry.
How important was Russian intervention in the outbreak of the Korean War?
For most historians it was the Russians that were responsible for the outbreak of the Korean War, perhaps wanting to test Truman's determination. Stalin had supplied the North Koreans with tanks and other equipment. Moreover Kim Il Sung could not have acted without Stalin's go-ahead.
Did Russian pilots fly in Korean War?
According to recent Soviet accounts, some 70,000 Soviet PVO troops served along the Yalu during the Korean War, many in these ground air defense positions. The air divisions of the new 64th Air Defense Corps burst onto the scene in June 1951 in a series of large-scale dogfights with F-86 Sabres over MiG Alley.
Which country became involved in the Korean War to stop the spread of communism?
The United StatesAnswer and Explanation: The United States became involved in the Korean War to stop the spread of communism in 1950.
What was the role of the Soviet Union in the Korean War?
Though not officially belligerent during the Korean War (1950–1953), the Soviet Union played a significant, covert role in the conflict. It provided material and medical services, as well as Soviet pilots and aircraft, most notably MiG-15 fighter jets, to aid the North Korean-Chinese forces against the United Nations Forces .
Why did the Soviet Union not participate in the Korean War?
Instead, the Soviet Union was compelled to conceal its participation in the conflict (at least to the extent where Soviet involvement could still be plausibly denied by the Soviet government) so as to minimize the risk of escalating the "Cold War" into a " Hot War " with NATO and the United States and its allies elsewhere, which could have led to a nuclear war. By officially denying its participation, the Soviets prevented the Korean War from escalating. Participation on the North Korean side was also contrary to the UN Security Council Resolution 84 by which the Soviet Union was technically bound.
How did China break away from the Soviet Union?
In 1960, China broke from the Soviet Union in an event known today as the Sino-Soviet Split, creating a rift amongst all communist powers which were expected to pick one side of the divide. The North Korean regime, which bordered both countries, successfully navigated the split by playing one power off the other. It did not firmly align with either power until the Soviet reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev compelled the regime to align with China.
Why did Kim Il Sung invade South Korea?
In April 1950, Kim Il Sung decided to invade South Korea over Stalin's repeated objections. Stalin did make the condition that Mao would agree to send reinforcements if needed. Stalin made it clear that Soviet forces would not openly engage in combat, to avoid a direct war with the US. Kim met with Mao in May 1950.
Why were the Chinese and North Korean air forces so structured and equipped?
Both the Chinese and North Korean air forces were structured and equipped along Soviet lines because of the help that the Soviet Union had given them in their first years. In October 1950, the Chinese air force comprised only two fighter divisions, one bomber regiment, and one attack aircraft regiment (a total of two hundred combat planes) and was very much in its infancy. The Chinese committed several Air Regiments to Korea, and these were equipped with the Soviet-supplied MiG-15 fighters, however lack of training meant that the Chinese high command was anxious for Soviet pilots, some of whom were already in China tasked with training the pilots for the Chinese air force. Frustrated by the quality and shortage of Chinese pilots, in April 1951, Stalin took the decision to involve Soviet airforce pilots in the war, flying under the markings of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) or North Korean People's Army Air Force (KPAAF).
What was the Soviet military aid?
Soviet military aid was instrumental to equipping both the North Korean and Chinese forces fighting in Korea. The Soviet PPSh-41 submachine gun (nicknamed by US forces the "Burp Gun" after the sound it made) was widely supplied to both countries' armies, as was the T-34/85 medium tank which was of great importance during the initial offensives by the Communist side when no US armour (particularly the M24 Chaffee light tank) or anti-tank rockets (such as the M9 2.36-inch Bazooka) could penetrate its heavy sloped armour.
How many aircraft did the Soviet Union provide to North Korea in 1950?
By April 1950, the Soviet Union had provided 63 of the North Korean Air Force's 178 aircraft, which until September 1950 proved highly effective against minimal South Korean air defenses (which was more heavily backed by US and UN air forces instead)
Soviet Aid to North Korean Forces
Along with several " Eastern Block " countries (notably Czechoslovakia ), the Soviet Union sent over 20 doctors to Korea to aid Communist forces there, similar to Italian, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish medical detachments in Southern Korea who did not have military force engaged, but merely offered humanitarian support instead.
Contemporary awareness of Soviet participation
Though the Soviet Union never acknowledged its participation in the conflict, it is clear that many suspected it. Soviet pilots, though forbidden from communicating in any language other than basic Korean across their radios, often resorted to Russian when stressed or when swearing. This was picked up by American pilots.
Legacy for Sino-Soviet Relations
Contrary to expectations, the Soviet intervention in Korea did not inspire the Chinese leadership with confidence. Mao, in particular, felt betrayed that the Soviet leadership had refused to send infantry and armoured units, in addition to its MiG squadrons, and join the conflict openly beside China.
What did the Soviets see North Korea as?
The Soviets saw North Korea as a strategic shield against the U.S. [ in the region ]. At the same time, the USSR did everything to prevent the DPRK from being pulled into China’s orbit,” professor Andrei Lankov, Director of Korea Risk Group, says in a lecture. Balancing between Moscow and Beijing ...
How much did North Korea owe the USSR?
Balancing between Moscow and Beijing (whose relations deteriorated rapidly since the 1960s), North Korea lived approximately successfully, depending on the foreign aid – by the early 1990s, Pyongyang owed approximately $2 billion to the Socialist states, mainly the USSR. As the USSR collapsed, everything went downhill for ...
How many Americans were fighting for the South?
From 300 to 400 thousand of Americans (officially – within the UN troops) were fighting for the South, China (another ally of the DPRK) sent more than a million “volunteers” to fight for the North. As for the USSR, as Asmolov puts it, it “unofficially strengthened the DPRK army with an aircraft corps, signal-corps specialists and air defense.” It all led to 3 years of war and more than 4 million victims with the border remaining the same – on the 38th parallel.
What did the Soviets support?
The Soviets supported North with weapon and money – but modern Russia uses more neutral and moderate approach, calling for peace and negotiations.
Is Korea still at war?
Technically, the two Koreas are still at war. Since the Korean War of 1950-1953 no peace agreement was signed. And the USSR, as well as the U.S., had a lot to do with that military conflict and separation of Korea.
Did the USSR have any relations with South Korea?
The USSR had no relations with South Korea at all, until 1990 it didn’t even recognize Seoul diplomatically. At the same time, Moscow remained amongst the (two) greatest friends of Pyongyang, the other being Beijing.
What was the purpose of the Korean War?
The North Korean army was well-disciplined, well-trained and well-equipped; Rhee’s forces, by contrast, were frightened, confused, and seemed inclined to flee the battlefield at any provocation. Also, it was one of the hottest and driest summers on record, and desperately thirsty American soldiers were often forced to drink water from rice paddies that had been fertilized with human waste. As a result, dangerous intestinal diseases and other illnesses were a constant threat. By the end of the summer, President Truman and General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), the commander in charge of the Asian theater, had decided on a new set of war aims. Now, for the Allies, the Korean War was an offensive one: It was a war to "liberate" the North from the communists.
What was the impact of the KPA invasion on South Korea?
The quality and power of the KPA’s initial invasion resulted in its opponents being forced back to the southern tip of the Korean peninsula. By July, American troops had entered the war on South Korea’s behalf. As far as American officials were concerned, it was a war against the forces of international communism itself.
What was the first war in the Cold War?
On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south. This invasion was the first military action of the Cold War. Tactics were based on Soviet doctrine which emphasised rapid advances spearheaded by armoured and infantry assaults. The quality and power of the KPA’s initial invasion resulted in its opponents being forced back to the southern tip of the Korean peninsula. By July, American troops had entered the war on South Korea’s behalf. As far as American officials were concerned, it was a war against the forces of international communism itself. After some early back-and-forth across the 38th parallel, the fighting stalled and casualties mounted with nothing to show for them. Meanwhile, American officials worked anxiously to fashion some sort of armistice with the North Koreans. The alternative, they feared, would be a wider war with Russia and China–or even, as some warned, World War III. By the end of the decade, two new states had formed on the peninsula. In the south, the anti-communist dictator Syngman Rhee (1875–1965) enjoyed the reluctant support of the American government; in the north, the communist dictator Kim Il Sung (1912-1994) enjoyed the slightly more enthusiastic support of the Soviets. Neither dictator was content to remain on his side of the 38th parallel, however, and border skirmishes were common. Even so, the North Korean invasion came as an alarming surprise to American officials. As far as they were concerned, this was not simply a border dispute between two unstable dictatorships on the other side of the globe. Instead, many feared it was the first step in a communist campaign to take over the world. For this reason, nonintervention was not considered an option by many top decision makers.
How big is the South Korean border?
The agreement drew a new boundary near the 38th parallel that gave South Korea an extra 3,900 square kilometres (1,500 square miles) of territory; and created a 3-kilometre-wide (2-mile) " demilitarized zone " that still exists today in the North and South Korean borders, in the bottom and top, respectively.
How many people died in the Korean War?
The Korean War was relatively short but exceptionally bloody compared to other wars. Nearly 3 million people died. More than half of these, about 10 percent of Korea’s pre-war population, were civilians. This rate of civilian casualties was higher than in World War II and the Vietnam War.
What was the most famous war in popular culture?
The most famous representation of the war in popular culture is the television series M*A*S*H, which was set in a field hospital in South Korea. The series ran from 1972 until 1983, ...
Which country occupied the Korean peninsula before the war?
Before the War. In August 1945, two young aides at the State Department divided the Korean peninsula in half along the 38th parallel. The Soviet Union occupied the area north of the line and the United States occupied the area to its south.
Why did North Korea need Sino-Soviet support?
In spite of its struggles for self-reliant economy, North Korea was still in need of Sino-Soviet support especially to solve its unexpected serious problems of foreign debts.
Why was the Soviet influence dominant in North Korea?
Until Stalin's death in 1953, Soviet influence was predominant in North Korea because of Stalin as well as Soviet power. Stalin, who viewed North Korea as important to the security interests of Russia to defend the Asian front, handpicked Kim Il-sung and supported him to rise to power for the purpose of the Soviet control over the North.
Why did the DPRK become isolated?
By the fall of Khrushchev in 1964, the DPRK found itself in serious economic difficulties and political isolation, because of Khrushchev's pressure to isolate North Korea, cut-down of economic aid and termination of military assistance to retaliate Pyongyang standing behind the Chinese, while the People's Republic of China could not afford to meet the North Korean needs.
What was the significance of the death of Stalin?
The death of Stalin ended the special Stalin-Kim relationship and thus supported the North Korean efforts to be independent. Khrushchev placed less value on the DPRK and troubled Kim Il-sung, who believed in Stalinism and, like Mao, the policy of the "united front" against "imperialism", with his doctrinal innovation in 1956: peaceful co-existence, de-Stalinization and anti-personality cults - the year of 1956 marked the beginning of the Sino-Soviet dispute. The intervention of the Chinese People's Volunteers in the Korean War and its postwar presence in the North along with Chinese extensive economic assistance served for Kim to neutralize the Soviet control over the DPRK . All this led Pyongyang to align itself in 1962-64 with the Chinese in the intensifying Sino-Soviet conflict, despite the North's attempts to remain neutral.
What was the role of the Chinese People's Volunteers in the Korean War?
The intervention of the Chinese People's Volunteers in the Korean War and its postwar presence in the North along with Chinese extensive economic assistance served for Kim to neutralize the Soviet control over the DPRK .
What happened in the 1970s in North Korea?
Since then, facing the steadily intensifying Sino-Soviet rift, North Korea in the 1970s had continued to pursue equidistance stand toward the two neighbors to gain best benifits, but with slightly closer ties with China. In the mid 1970s, certain strains in Soviet-North Korean ties emerged and Soviet military aid was decreasing.
How did Pyongyang make clear North Korea's independence in the Communist bloc?
However, Pyongyang made clear North Korea's independence in the Communist bloc by rejecting both the Soviet "revisionism" and the Chinese "dogmatism", and underlining Juche idea ( self-reliance ). Mao's negative reaction to Pyongyang's turnabout and his Cultural Revolution drastically worsened the Sino-North Korean relations.
What is the Songun policy in North Korea?
Prior reporting has focused on the peculiarities of the North Korean war economy; in particular, the Songun or “military first” policy that holds up the army as the central organizing pillar of North Korean society. Much of the answer, however, lies in external aid; for one, North Korea considerable military strength would be utterly unsustainable were it not for a steady stream of Chinese economic subsidies. But there is an even more direct aspect of external aid to North Korea that goes largely unnoticed in contemporary defense commentary: North Korea’s defense industry was built on, and is today predominantly composed of, Soviet arms and equipment.
Who wasted no time in building up the North Korean military after 1948?
Joseph Stalin’s politburo wasted no time in building up the North Korean military after 1948. by Mark Episkopos.
What type of rifles does North Korea use?
Meanwhile, in the small arms department, North Korea’s standard-issue Type 58 and 68 assault rifles are based on Kalashnikov’s AK-47 and AKM licenses respectively. As discussed by The National Interest, even their latest Type 88 rifle is clearly modeled after the Soviet-era AK-74. By the same token, a great swathe of North Korea’s air force consists of over 200 Soviet and Russian fighters, notably including the MiG-29, Il-28, and Su-25. Their current air defense force is almost exclusively composed of Soviet and Russian S-200, S-125, and S-75 surface-to-air missile systems.
How many Russian fighters are in North Korea?
By the same token, a great swathe of North Korea’s air force consists of over 200 Soviet and Russian fighters, notably including the MiG-29, Il-28, and Su-25. Their current air defense force is almost exclusively composed of Soviet and Russian S-200, S-125, and S-75 surface-to-air missile systems.
When did North Korea receive T-55 tanks?
Following a brief diplomatic pall during the Khruschev period, Soviet military-technological transfers to North Korea resumed in full force over the mid-1960s and continued into the mid-1980’s. North Korea’s ground forces received over one thousand T-55 main battle tanks (a portion of which is thought to be in use to this day) spread out over several shipments, as well as a T-62 production license that resulted in five domestically produced variants known as the Chonma-ho.
When did the Democratic People's Republic of Korea emerge?
Promoted Content. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea emerged in 1948 as the byproduct of a postwar arrangement that saw Korea divided along the infamous 38th parallel, with the North and South being absorbed into the Soviet and Western spheres of influence respectively.
Is North Korea on a missile test?
As North Korea continues on a missile test spree described by Pyongyang as a “ solemn warning ” to South Korea, the specter of open military conflict on the Korean peninsula continues to loom large despite Washington’s ongoing efforts to promote North-South reconciliation.
Who kept pestering the USSR to invade South Korea?
Kim Il Sung kept pestering the USSR to invade South Korea. And so the USSR let em have it (North Korea to invade the South)
Who intervened on behalf of North Korea?
Things looked pretty good until the Chinese intervened massively on behalf of North Korea.
Why did Stalin give Mao and Kim Il-sung his approval?
Stalin knew about this and gave Mao and Kim Il-sung his approval in the silent hope the United States would crush them. That would teach Mao to try and play first violin.
Why did the USSR want to be a proxy war?
The USSR was feeling insecure (although they won bitterly) from the previous war with Germany, and wanted to provoke the U.S into a proxy war to see the technology the U.S was using so that the USSR could catch on quickly and balance out.
Why did the USSR want to test how powerful the US military was at the time?
The USSR wanted to test how powerful the US military was at the time. The USSR was feeling insecure ( although they won bitterly) from the previous war with Germany,
Why did the USSR turn their focus on the East?
Plus there was no Warsaw pact until 1955. So the USSR was cornered in the West. Since the eastern world in Asia was going through their independence wars from Western colonialism, the USSR turned their focus on the east hoping that no western power would intervene with the spread of Communism in the East.
What did Mao want?
Mao, however, wanted to proliferate himself as the new leader of the Communist World [Stalin was old and becoming weak]. He pushed North Korea into a war with the South.
Overview
Soviet air intervention
An important area in which Soviet intervention was key in the Korean War was in the air-war. Soviet innovation in aircraft design, as well as the experience of many of its pilots following the Second World War meant that the 'new' states of China and North Korea were dependent on Soviet help in this area.
Both the Chinese and North Korean air forces were structured and equipped al…
Background
The Soviet 25th Army took part in the Soviet advance into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended, and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period. Like the American forces in the south, Soviet troops remained in Korea after the end of the war to rebuild the country.
Soviet soldiers were instrumental in the creation and early development of the North …
Soviet aid to North Korean forces
Along with several "Eastern Bloc" countries (notably Czechoslovakia ), the Soviet Union sent over 20 doctors to Korea to aid Communist forces there, similar to Indian, Italian, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish medical detachments in Southern Korea who did not have military force engaged, but merely offered humanitarian support instead.
Soviet military aid was instrumental to equipping both the North Korean and Chinese forces fightin…
Contemporary awareness of Soviet participation
Though the Soviet Union never acknowledged its participation in the conflict, it is clear that many suspected it. Soviet pilots, though forbidden from communicating in any language other than basic Korean across their radios, often resorted to Russian when stressed or when swearing. This was picked up by American pilots.
Legacy for Sino-Soviet relations
Contrary to expectations, the Soviet intervention in Korea did not inspire the Chinese leadership with confidence. Mao, in particular, felt betrayed that the Soviet leadership had refused to send infantry and armoured units, in addition to its MiG squadrons, and join the conflict openly beside China. There is evidence that the Chinese felt restricted by the Russians, who forced them to defer to the Soviet Union for technological and strategic support, but offered only minor support in exc…
See also
• Soviet Involvement in the Vietnam War
Further reading
• Agov, Avram. "North Korea's alliances and the unfinished Korean War." Journal of Korean Studies 18.2 (2013): 225-262. online
• Goncharov, Sergei N., John W. Lewis, and Xue Litai. Uncertain Partners: Stalin, Mao, and the Korean War (Stanford University Press, 1993). online
• Kim, Yǒng-jin (1973). Major Powers and Korea. Silver Spring, MD: Research Institute on Korean …
Background
- Soviet Occupation of Northern Korea
The Soviet 25th Army took part in the Soviet advance into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended, and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period. Like the American forces in the south, Soviet troops remained in Korea after the end of the war to rebuild the country.Soviet … - Cold War
Because at the time the war broke out in 1950, the Communist Soviet Union, China and their allies were already locked into a "Cold War" with capitalist countries, both sides felt that the Korean conflict carried the potential to further destabilize the precarious relations between both sides, …
Soviet Aid to North Korean Forces
- Medical Aid
Along with several "Eastern Block" countries (notably Czechoslovakia), the Soviet Union sent over 20 doctors to Korea to aid Communist forces there, similar to Italian, Norwegian, Danish and Swedishmedical detachments in Southern Korea who did not have military force engaged, but m… - War Material Aid
Soviet military aid was instrumental to equipping both North Korean and Chinese armies in Korea. The Soviet PPSh-41 (nicknamed by US forces the "Burp Gun" after the sound it made) was widely supplied to both armies, as was the T-34/85tank which was of great importance during the first …
Soviet Air Intervention
- One of the most important areas in which Soviet intervention was key in the Korean War was in the air-war. Soviet innovation in aircraft design, as well as the experience of many of its pilots following the Second World War meant that the 'new' states of Chinaand North Korea were dependant on Soviet help in this area. Both the Chinese and North Korean air forces were struct…
Contemporary Awareness of Soviet Participation
- Though the Soviet Union never acknowledged its participation in the conflict, it is clear that many suspected it.Soviet pilots, though forbidden from communicating in any language other than basic Korean across their radios, often resorted to Russian when stressed or when swearing. This was picked up by American pilots. These reports were always denied by the Soviet Union and it was …
Legacy For Sino-Soviet Relations
- Contrary to expectations, the Soviet intervention in Korea did not inspire the Chinese leadership with confidence. Mao, in particular, felt betrayed that the Soviet leadership had refused to send infantry and armoured units, in addition to its MiG squadrons, and join the conflict openly beside China. There is evidence that the Chinese felt restricted by the Russians, who forced them to def…
External Links
- Zhang Xiaoming, China, the Soviet Union, and the Korean War: From an Abortive Air War Plan to a Wartime Relationship, Journal for Conflict Studies (Vol. XXII No. 1 Spring 2002)
- Russian Aces of the Korean War
- 64th Fighter Air Corps in Korea
- Wilson Center, Soviet aims in Korea and the Origins of the Korean War 1945-50 - New Evidence