Some of the Core Use Cases of using Istio are:
- Performance Debugging.
- Traffic Management (Load Balancing and Weighted Balance).
- Circuit Breaker.
- Security.
What are the main features of Istio?
Traffic Management: This is the most basic feature of Istio. Policy Control: Enables access control systems, telemetry capture, quota management, billing, etc. Observability: Implemented in the sidecar proxy. Security Authentication: The Citadel component does key and certificate management.
What is serviceentry in Istio?
ServiceEntry: By default, services in the Istio service mesh are unable to discover services outside of the Mesh. ServiceEntry enables additional entries to be added to the service registry inside Istio, thus allowing automatically discovered services in the mesh to access and route to these manually added services.
What is Istio and why is it better than Kubernetes?
Istio, the most popular service mesh implementation, was developed on top of Kubernetes and has a different niche in the cloud native application ecosystem than Kubernetes. Rather than introduce you directly to what Istio has to offer, this article will explain how Istio came about and what it is in relation to Kubernetes. Why Is There an Istio?
What are the core use cases of using Istio?
Some of the Core Use Cases of using Istio are: 1 Performance Debugging. 2 Traffic Management (Load Balancing and Weighted Balance). 3 Circuit Breaker. 4 Security.
Why we need Istio in Kubernetes?
Istio makes traffic management transparent to the application, moving this functionality out of the application and into the platform layer as a cloud native infrastructure. Istio complements Kubernetes, by enhancing its traffic management, observability and security for cloud native applications.
Why do we need service mesh in Kubernetes?
Service mesh in Kubernetes enables services to detect each other and communicate. It also uses intelligent routing to control API calls and the flow of traffic between endpoints and services. This further enables canaries or rolling upgrades, blue/green, and other advanced deployment strategies.
Why do we need service mesh?
A service mesh enables developers to separate and manage service-to-service communications in a dedicated infrastructure layer. As the number of microservices involved with an application increases, so do the benefits of using a service mesh to manage and monitor them.
Can Istio be used without Kubernetes?
In theory, yes. Istio components are designed to be 'platform independent'.
What is difference between Istio and Kubernetes?
Istio's control plane provides an abstraction layer over the underlying cluster management platform, such as Kubernetes, Mesos, etc. On the other hand, Kubernetes is detailed as "Manage a cluster of Linux containers as a single system to accelerate Dev and simplify Ops".
Is Istio a load balancer?
By default, Istio uses a round-robin load balancing policy, where each service instance in the instance pool gets a request in turn. Istio also supports the following models, which you can specify in destination rules for requests to a particular service or service subset.
What problem does service mesh solve?
A service mesh solves some of the challenges introduced by distributed microservices by abstracting necessary functions (service discovery, connection encryption, error and failure handling, and latency detection and response) to a separate entity called proxy.
Is service mesh only for microservices?
While the service mesh pattern was designed to handle network connectivity between microservices, it can also be applied to other architectures (monolithic, mini-services, serverless) wherever there are multiple services communicating across a network.
What is service mesh in Kubernetes?
Service mesh allows you to separate the business logic of the application from observability, and network and security policies. It allows you to connect, secure, and monitor your microservices. Connect: Service Mesh enables services to discover and talk to each other.
What is the difference between Istio and ingress?
Along with support for Kubernetes Ingress , Istio offers another configuration model, Istio Gateway . A Gateway provides more extensive customization and flexibility than Ingress , and allows Istio features such as monitoring and route rules to be applied to traffic entering the cluster.
Is Istio an ingress controller?
Configuring ingress using an Ingress resource The kubernetes.io/ingress.class annotation is required to tell the Istio gateway controller that it should handle this Ingress , otherwise it will be ignored.
Does Istio replace ingress?
Istio has replaced all the familiar Ingress resource with new Gateway and VirtualServices resources. They work in sync to route all the traffic into the mesh. Inside the mesh there is no requirement for Gateways since the services can access each other by a cluster local service name.
What is service mesh in Kubernetes?
Service mesh allows you to separate the business logic of the application from observability, and network and security policies. It allows you to connect, secure, and monitor your microservices. Connect: Service Mesh enables services to discover and talk to each other.
What problems does service mesh solve?
A service mesh solves some of the challenges introduced by distributed microservices by abstracting necessary functions (service discovery, connection encryption, error and failure handling, and latency detection and response) to a separate entity called proxy.
What is the need for Kubernetes and service mesh in enterprise architecture?
While a service mesh is intended to help developers and SREs with a number of use cases related to service-to-service communication within Kubernetes clusters, a service mesh also adds operational complexity and introduces an additional control plane for security teams to manage.
What is the difference between Istio and ingress?
Along with support for Kubernetes Ingress , Istio offers another configuration model, Istio Gateway . A Gateway provides more extensive customization and flexibility than Ingress , and allows Istio features such as monitoring and route rules to be applied to traffic entering the cluster.
How does Istio work?
Istio can follow the service registration in Kubern etes and can also interface with other service discovery systems via platform adapters in the control plane; and then generate data plane configurations (using CRD, which are stored in etcd) with transparent proxies for the data plane. The transparent proxy of the data plane is deployed as a sidecar container in the pod of each application service, and all these proxies need to request the control plane to synchronize the proxy configuration. The proxy is “transparent” because the application container is completely unaware of the presence of the proxy. The kube-proxy component in the process needs to intercept traffic as well, except that the kube-proxy intercepts traffic to and from the Kubernetes node — while the sidecar proxy intercepts traffic to and from the pod.
What is Istio Gateway?
Istio Gateway describes a load balancer for carrying connections to and from the edge of the mesh. The specification describes a set of open ports and the protocols used by those ports, the SNI configuration for load balancing, etc. Gateway is a CRD extension that also reuses the capabilities of the sidecar proxy; see the Istio website for detailed configuration.
What is envoy in Istio?
Envoy is the default sidecar proxy in Istio. Istio extends its control plane based on Enovy’s xDS protocol. We need to familiarize ourselves with Envoy’s basic terminology before talking about Envoy’s xDS protocol. The following is a list of basic terms and their data structures in Envoy; please refer to the Envoy documentation for more details.
Why Is There an Istio?
Jimmy is a developer advocate at Tetrate, CNCF Ambassador, co-founder of ServiceMesher, and Cloud Native Community (China). He mainly focuses on Kubernetes , Istio , and cloud native architectures.
What is Istio load balancing?
Istio enables intelligent application-aware load balancing from the application layer to other mesh enabled services in the cluster, and bypasses the rudimentary kube-proxy load balancing.
What is Istio mesh?
Istio, the most popular service mesh implementation, was developed on top of Kubernetes and has a different niche in the cloud native application ecosystem than Kubernetes. Rather than introduce you directly to what Istio has to offer, this article will explain how Istio came about and what it is in relation to Kubernetes.
What is Istio Auth?
Istio Auth makes sure that sensitive data can be accessed only by authorized clients. Istio’s configuration policy makes sure that the server side authentication for the platform authenticity. This policy is not enforced on the client side for higher usability. Istio can divide the access levels such as namespace level, service level and method level access for different levels of mesh control.
What is Istio service mesh?
Istio is an open source service mesh which provides a fundamental security infrastructure when running a distributed microservice architecture. As organizations start to adopt cloud platform for their computing purposes. Developers find themselves using microservices, and the microservices comes with a vast number of tools. These tools need to interact with other perform multiple functions and given the huge number of microservices its inevitable that security protocols will clash with each other. This is where Istio can help developers to streamline their microservices’ security protocols.
How does Istio work?
Istio can follow the service registration in Kubern etes and can also interface with other service discovery systems via platform adapters in the control plane; and then generate data plane configurations (using CRD, which are stored in etcd) with transparent proxies for the data plane. The transparent proxy of the data plane is deployed as a sidecar container in the pod of each application service, and all these proxies need to request the control plane to synchronize the proxy configuration. The proxy is “transparent” because the application container is completely unaware of the presence of the proxy. The kube-proxy component in the process needs to intercept traffic as well, except that the kube-proxy intercepts traffic to and from the Kubernetes node — while the sidecar proxy intercepts traffic to and from the pod.
What is envoy in Istio?
Envoy is the default sidecar proxy in Istio. Istio extends its control plane based on Enovy’s xDS protocol. We need to familiarize ourselves with Envoy’s basic terminology before talking about Envoy’s xDS protocol. The following is a list of basic terms and their data structures in Envoy; please refer to the Envoy documentation for more details.
Why Is There an Istio?
To explain what Istio is, it’s also important to understand the context in which Istio came into being — i.e., why is there an Istio?
What is the Istio core?
Istio’s core consists of a control plane and a data plane, with Envoy as the default data-plane agent. Istio acts as the network layer of the cloud native infrastructure and is transparent to applications.
What is service mesh?
Service Mesh is the cloud native equivalent of TCP/IP, addressing application network communication, security and visibility issues. Istio is currently the most popular service mesh implementation, relying on Kubernetes but also scalable to virtual machine loads.
Why is Kubernetes used?
Kubernetes is used as a tool for intensive resource management. However, after allocating resources to the application, Kubernetes doesn’t fully solve the problems of how to ensure the robustness and redundancy of the application, how to achieve finer-grained traffic division (not based on the number of instances of the service), ...
Why Is There an Istio?
To explain what Istio is, it’s also important to understand the context in which Istio came into being — i.e., why is there an Istio?
The Basics of Istio
The following diagram shows the service model in Istio, which supports both workloads and virtual machines in Kubernetes.
Summary
Service Mesh is the cloud native equivalent of TCP/IP, addressing application network communication, security and visibility issues.
What Is a Service Mesh?
In any microservice-based architecture, whenever there is a service call from one microservice to another. We are not able to infer or debug what is happening inside the networked service calls.
Which service mesh has the most features?
Istio has the most features and flexibility of any of these three service meshes by far:
What are some examples of problems that can be caused by not being able to diagnose properly?
For example; performance issues, security, load balancing problems, tracing the service calls, or proper observability of the service calls.
What is Citadel service to service?
Citadel: Citadel provides strong service-to-service and end-user authentication with built-in identity and credential management. You can use Citadel to upgrade unencrypted traffic in the service mesh. Using Citadel, operators can enforce policies based on service identity rather than on network controls.
When does the severity of the issue get multiplied?
The severity of the issue gets multiplied when you have to cater to many microservices for any application to work properly.
When an instance needs to interact with a different service, it needs to find?
Service discovery. When an instance needs to interact with a different service, it needs to find — discover — a healthy, available instance of the other service.
Is Consul a heterogeneous environment?
If a heterogeneous environment that includes both Kubernetes and VMs and does not need the complexity of Istio, then Consul would probably be your best bet.
