What is the Green Revolution and what are its significance?
The method of green revolution focused on three basic elements, that are:
- Using seeds with improved genetics (High Yielding Variety seeds).
- Double cropping in the existing farmland and,
- The continuing expansion of farming areas
What best describes the Green Revolution?
The Green Revolution, or the Third Agricultural Revolution (after the Neolithic Revolution and the British Agricultural Revolution), is the set of research technology transfer initiatives occurring between 1950 and the late 1960s, that increased agricultural production in parts of the world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s. The initiatives resulted in the adoption of new technologies ...
Was the Green Revolution a curse or a blessing?
It is definitely a curse... Green revolution in India has only made our food poisonous/carcinogenic and our farmers poor. Want to know how? Please take some time to read this. The history of Green revolution if we see,starts after the second world...
What are 5 advantages and disadvantages of Green Revolution?
List of the Advantages of the Green Revolution
- It may be helping to reduce the number of greenhouse gas emissions. ...
- It allows us to produce more food than traditional growing methods. ...
- It provides us with consistent yields during uncooperative seasons. ...
- It causes a reduction in food prices for the global economy. ...
- It has reduced the issues of deforestation on our planet. ...
Why Green Revolution is called so?
The Green Revolution (a term used for rapid increases in wheat and rice yields in developing countries brought about by improved varieties combined with the expanded use of fertilizers and other chemical inputs) has had a dramatic impact on incomes and food supplies in many developing countries.
Who gave the name Green Revolution?
The term "Green Revolution" was first used by William S. Gaud, the administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), in a speech on 8 March 1968. He noted the spread of the new technologies as: "These and other developments in the field of agriculture contain the makings of a new revolution.
When did the so called Green Revolution begin?
The Green Revolution was initiated in the 1960's to address the issue of malnutrition in the developing world. The technology of the Green Revolution involved bio-engineered seeds that worked in conjunction with chemical fertilizers and heavy irrigation to increase crop yields.
What is the Green Revolution also known as?
Green Revolution is also called wheat revolution. Significant breakthrough by way of productivity increase under Green Revolution was achieved in wheat. Green Revolution commenced in the year 1966.
What is Green Revolution in short?
Green Revolution is associated with agricultural production. It is the period when agriculture of the country was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and techniques like the use of high yielding variety seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers.
Who started Green Revolution and why?
The Green Revolution was an endeavour initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s. He is known as the 'Father of Green Revolution' in world. It led to him winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in developing High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of wheat.
Who is the father of Green Revolution in world?
Norman Borlaug, the American plant breeder, humanitarian and Nobel laureate known as “the father of the Green Revolution”. We spoke to Dr. Borlaug's granddaughter Julie Borlaug about his life and legacy and how the momentous year was celebrated.
Where did the Green Revolution start?
IR8, the rice in this test plot at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines, became known in Vietnam as Honda rice: Bumper crops paid for farmers' motorcycles. In 1966 it started the green revolution, which allowed farmers in Asia to double their yields—and rev up their incomes.
How was Green Revolution achieved?
Much of the success was caused by the combination of high rates of investment in crop research, infrastructure, and market development and appropriate policy support that took place during the first Green Revolution (GR).
Was the green revolution a success?
After the green revolution, the production of cereal crops tripled with only a 30% increase in the land area cultivated. This came true all over the world, with a few exceptions. In addition, there were significant impacts on poverty reduction and lower food prices.
What are the main features of Green Revolution?
The main features of Green Revolution in India are:Introduction of new and high yielding variety of seeds.Increased use of fertilizers,pesticides and weedicides in order to reduce agricultural loses.Increased application of fertilizers in order to enhance agricultural productivity.More items...
Why was the Green Revolution Good?
Research studies show that much of this steady decline in poverty is attributable to agricultural growth and associated declines in food prices. The Green Revolution also contributed to better nutrition by raising incomes and reducing prices, which permitted people to consume more calories and a more diversified diet.
Who is the father of Green Revolution in world?
Norman Borlaug, the American plant breeder, humanitarian and Nobel laureate known as “the father of the Green Revolution”. We spoke to Dr. Borlaug's granddaughter Julie Borlaug about his life and legacy and how the momentous year was celebrated.
Who is the father of Green Revolution in India and world?
Mankombu Sambasivan SwaminathanMankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan is an Indian geneticist and administrator, known for his role in India's 'Green Revolution'. It was a program under which high-yield varieties of wheat and rice were popularised in India.
Who is the father of Green Revolution in America?
Norman BorlaugNorman Borlaug, who was the originator of what was a dwarf wheat variety in Mexico, is considered the godfather of the Green Revolution. The varieties of wheat that he developed there became a model for what could be done in other staple crops around the world.
Who is the father of white revolution in world?
Padma Vibhushan Dr Verghese Kurien, 'Father of White Revolution in India', left for his heavenly abode on 9th September 2012 at the age of 90. Dr Kurien born at Kozhikode in Kerala on 26th November 1921, completed the Bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1943 from Madras University.
Who was the first person to use the term "green revolution"?
The term "Green Revolution" was first used by William S. Gaud, the administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), in a speech on 8 March 1968. He noted the spread of the new technologies as: "These and other developments in the field of agriculture contain the makings of a new revolution.
Why is the Green Revolution not so successful?
Reasons cited include widespread corruption, insecurity, a lack of infrastructure, and a general lack of will on the part of the governments. Yet environmental factors, such as the availability of water for irrigation, the high diversity in slope and soil types in one given area are also reasons why the Green Revolution is not so successful in Africa.
How much has the world grown since the Green Revolution?
The world population has grown by about five billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution and many believe that, without the Revolution, there would have been greater famine and malnutrition. India saw annual wheat production rise from 10 million tons in the 1960s to 73 million in 2006. The average person in the developing world consumes roughly 25% more calories per day now than before the Green Revolution. Between 1950 and 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the globe, world grain production increased by about 160%.
What was Mexico called during the Green Revolution?
Mexico has been called the 'birthplace' and 'burial ground' of the Green Revolution. It began with great promise and it has been argued that "during the twentieth century two 'revolutions' transformed rural Mexico: the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920) and the Green Revolution (1950–1970).".
How much did the green revolution increase in 2021?
By one 2021 estimate, the Green Revolution increased yields by 44% between 1965 and 2010. Cereal production more than doubled in developing nations between the years 1961–1985. Yields of rice, maize, and wheat increased steadily during that period. The production increases can be attributed roughly equally to irrigation, fertilizer, and seed development, at least in the case of Asian rice.
What were the key elements of the Revolution?
The key elements of the revolution include: 1) Use of the latest technological and capital inputs, 2) adoption of modern scientific methods of farming, 3) use of high yielding varieties of seeds, 4) proper use of chemical fertilizers, 5) consolidation of land holdings.
Why is the comparison between traditional systems of agriculture and Green Revolution agriculture unfair?
Altieri, (a pioneer of agroecology and peasant-advocate), writes that the comparison between traditional systems of agriculture and Green Revolution agriculture has been unfair, because Green Revolution agriculture produces monocultures of cereal grains, while traditional agriculture usually incorporates polycultures.
Who was the Green Revolution?
The Green Revolution: Norman Borlaug and the Race to Fight Global Hunger. Ray Offenheiser discusses the humble plant breeder’s audacious plan to feed the world and the fallout he didn’t forsee. April 3, 2020. Borlaug smiling in wheat field. Image, 1960s.
Who was the godfather of the Green Revolution?
Norman Borlaug, who was the originator of what was a dwarf wheat variety in Mexico, is considered the godfather of the Green Revolution. The varieties of wheat that he developed there became a model for what could be done in other staple crops around the world. In the case of Mexico, he increased productivity dramatically.
What did Borlaug do to the wheat plant?
Borlaug realized that if he actually grew a smaller variety with a shorter and sturdier stem that it could hold more grains on its head. A similar type of thing was done in the Philippines at the International Rice Research Institute with rice, where you could take the plant, produce a dwarf variety with a sturdier stem and get more grains of rice on the head. Borlaug also was credited with developing a variety of this dwarf wheat that could be grown in pretty much any sort of environment around the world, because other varieties were sensitive to light and also temperature and other sorts of environmental changes. But over time his methods and these technologies have come under increasing scrutiny.
Why was Borlaug credited with developing a variety of this dwarf wheat that could be grown in pretty much?
Borlaug also was credited with developing a variety of this dwarf wheat that could be grown in pretty much any sort of environment around the world, because other varieties were sensitive to light and also temperature and other sorts of environmental changes.
Was Borlaug addressing a humanitarian crisis?
AE: And yet it also seems that while Borlaug was addressing a pretty dire humanitarian crisis, even he understood that that these methods weren't intended to be a long-term solution…
Overview
History
According to The Limits to Growth the first genetic experiments, which a hundred years later resulted in high-yield agricultural crops, took place in a European monastery.
The term "Green Revolution" was first used by William S. Gaud, the administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), in a speech on 8 Mar…
Agricultural production and food security
According to a 2012 review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the existing academic literature, the Green Revolution "contributed to widespread poverty reduction, averted hunger for millions of people, and avoided the conversion of thousands of hectares of land into agricultural cultivation."
Norman Borlaug's response to criticism
Borlaug dismissed certain claims of critics, but also cautioned, "There are no miracles in agricultural production. Nor is there such a thing as a miracle variety of wheat, rice, or maize which can serve as an elixir to cure all ills of a stagnant, traditional agriculture."
Of environmental lobbyists, he said:
some of the environmental lobbyists of the Western nations are the salt of the earth, but many o…
Second Green Revolution
Although the Green Revolution has been able to improve agricultural output in some regions in the world, there was and is still room for improvement. As a result, many organizations continue to invent new ways to improve the techniques already used in the Green Revolution. Frequently quoted inventions are the System of Rice Intensification, marker-assisted selection, agroecology, and applying existing technologies to agricultural problems of the developing world. Current cha…
See also
• Arab Agricultural Revolution
• British Agricultural Revolution
• Columbian exchange
• Environmental impact of agriculture
Further reading
• Cotter, Joseph (2003). Troubled Harvest: Agronomy and Revolution in Mexico, 1880–2002. Westport, CT: Prager
• Deb, Debal, "Restoring Rice Biodiversity", Scientific American, vol. 321, no. 4 (October 2019), pp. 54–61.
• Harwood, Andrew (14 June 2013). "Development policy and history: lessons from the Green Revolution".
External links
• Norman Borlaug talk transcript, 1996
• The Green Revolution in the Punjab, by Vandana Shiva
• Africa's Turn: A New Green Revolution for the 21st Century, Rockefeller Foundation
• Moseley, W. G. (14 May 2008). "In search of a better revolution". Minneapolis StarTribune. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018.