Pontiac
Pontiac was a car brand owned, made, and sold by General Motors. Introduced as a companion make for GM's more expensive line of Oakland automobiles, Pontiac overtook Oakland in popularity and supplanted its parent brand entirely by 1933.
What was Pontiac's War?
Pontiac's War (also known as Pontiac's Conspiracy or Pontiac's Rebellion) was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of American Indians dissatisfied with British rule in the Great Lakes region following the French and Indian War (1754–1763).
What was the legacy of Pontiac’s rebellion?
The legacies of “Pontiac’s Rebellion” were many. Most important, the conflict enabled Native Americans to endure as major players in the geopolitics of North America during the eighteenth-century by compelling the British to reevaluate its “Indian Affairs” and give in to Native demands for fear of a prolonged war.
What did Pontiac do in the Battle of Detroit?
In May 1763, Pontiac, a leader of the Odawa tribe, led a force of 300 members of different tribes in an attack on Fort Detroit, attempting to wrest it from the British. The British commander of the fort learned of Pontiac’s plan, however, and successfully defended against the siege.
What are the best books about Pontiac's War?
Pontiac's War: Its Causes, Course, and Consequences. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-97913-7. Nester, William R. (2000). "Haughty Conquerors": Amherst and the Great Indian Uprising of 1763. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
What resulted from Pontiac's War?
Pontiac's Rebellion led to Britain's Proclamation of 1763, which stated that colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. A result of Pontiac's Rebellion. It forbade white settlement west of the Appalachians to reduce friction between Native American and settlers.
Was Pontiac's Rebellion successful?
Pontiac's Rebellion was initially successful and the Indian forces captured most of the British forts they targeted. However, they were never able to capture Fort Pitt or Fort Detroit, and the rebellion against British rule gradually collapsed by the end of 1764.
What was Pontiac's Rebellion and what purpose did it serve?
In 1762, Pontiac enlisted support from practically every tribe from Lake Superior to the lower Mississippi for a joint campaign to expel the British from the formerly French-occupied lands. According to Pontiac's plan, each tribe would seize the nearest fort and then join forces to wipe out the undefended settlements.
What were the causes and effects of Pontiac's rebellion?
What were some of the causes and effects of Pontiac's Rebellion? The British refused to give supplies to the Native Americans after they replaced the French. They started settling in Native American land and treated them badly. Many were killed and smallpox broke out in the Natives.
Which of the following was one of the effects of Pontiac's war?
imposition of Stamp Act The devastating effect of Pontiac's War (1763–64) on colonial frontier settlements added to the enormous new defense burdens resulting from Great Britain's victory (1763) in the French and Indian War.
Do you sympathize with Pontiac was he a hero or a villain?
Was he a hero or a villain? Explain. Pontiac was a hero for Native Americans. His rebellion united different native american tribes to stand against the British who were moving onto their land and disrespecting their ways of life.
Who won the Pontiac's rebellion?
BritishPontiac's WarDate27 April 1763 – 25 July 1766 (3 years, 2 months and 4 weeks)LocationGreat Lakes region of North AmericaResultMilitary stalemate; Native Americans concede British sovereignty but compel British policy changesTerritorial changesPortage around Niagara Falls ceded by Senecas to the British
What ended Pontiac's rebellion?
1763 – 1766Pontiac's War / Period
How did Pontiac's rebellion end quizlet?
Terms in this set (21) 1763 - An Indian uprising after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief named Pontiac. They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area. The attacks ended when Pontiac was killed.
Problems on the American Frontier
With the end of the French and Indian War, Great Britain claimed a vast new expanse of territory, at least on paper. Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris, the French territory known as New France had ceased to exist.
Peace Settlement
Pontiac’s War lasted until 1766. Native American tribes attacked British forts and frontier settlements, killing as many as 400 soldiers and 2,000 settlers.
Aftermath of the War
Coinciding with the end of the Seven Year’s War, the effects of Pontiac’s War were substantial and widespread.
What was the name of the conflict that became known as Pontiac's War?
…conflict that became known as Pontiac’s War (1763–64), the native coalition captured several English forts near the Great Lakes. These and other demonstrations of military skill and numerical strength prompted King George III’s ministers to issue the Proclamation of 1763, one of the most important documents in Native American legal…
What was the Proclamation Line?
Whatever the justification for the restrictions, they were a new exercise of royal power and limited the authority of both governors and colonial assemblies.
What was Pontiac's war?
Pontiac’s War – From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Pontiac’s War Pontiac’s Rebellion. In a famous council on April 28, 1763, Pontiac urged listeners to rise up against the British. (19th-century engraving by Alfred Bobbet). Date.
Where was Pontiac's battle?
On April 27, 1763, Pontiac spoke at a council on the shores of the Ecorse River, in what is now Lincoln Park, Michigan, about 10 miles (15 km) southwest of Detroit.
What was the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
On October 7, 1763, the Crown issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763, an effort to reorganize British North Americaafter the Treaty of Paris. The Proclamation, already in the works when Pontiac’s War erupted, was hurriedly issued after news of the uprising reached London.
What was the name of the fort that was attacked by Senecas?
Fort Niagara, one of the most important western forts, was not assaulted, but on September 14, 1763, at least 300 Senecas, Ottawas, and Ojibwas attacked a supply train along the Niagara Fallsportage. Two companies sent from Fort Niagara to rescue the supply train were also defeated.
What game did the Ojibwas play?
On June 2, 1763, local Ojibwas staged a game of stickball(a forerunner of lacrosse) with visiting Sauks. The soldiers watched the game, as they had done on previous occasions. The ball was hit through the open gate of the fort; the teams rushed in and were given weapons which Native women had smuggled into the fort.
What was the third fort to fall?
Fort Miami (on the site of present Fort Wayne, Indiana) was the third fort to fall. On May 27, 1763, the commander was lured out of the fort by his Native mistress and shot dead by MiamiNative Americans.
When did the Paxton boys attack Conestoga?
Prompted by rumors that a Native war party had been seen at the Native village of Conestoga, on December 14, 1763, a group of more than 50 Paxton Boys marched on the village and murdered the six Susquehannocksthey found there.
What was the cause of Pontiac's Rebellion?
The origins of “Pontiac’s Rebellion” can be traced to the political fallout of the Seven Years’ War. Following the British victory in 1763, the empire sought to integrate former French and Spanish territories – Canada, Florida, and the Great Lakes – into its American dominion.
Who was the leader of the American Revolution during the Pontiac's Rebellion?
Washington's World Colonial Music Institute Quotes. Famed soldier of the French and Indian War and the American Revolution, Israel Putnam also served during Pontiac's Rebellion. For much of George Washington's life, the Ohio Valley was a driving force of politics and the politics of expansion. Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763-1765) was an armed conflict ...
Who wrote the conspiracy of Pontiac?
Conspiracy of Pontiac, by Gari Melchers, 1921. Courtesy the Library of Congress [LC-D416-872].
What was the significance of Pontiac's uprising?
Pontiac’s uprising demonstrated the viability of pantribal cooperation in the struggle against European-American territorial expansionism and contributed to the deterioration of relations between Great Britain and its North American colonies.
Who was Pontiac in the Great Lakes?
Pontiac was a leader of the Odawa tribe located in the area of modern-day Ontario, Canada, and the Great Lakes region. He led a rebellion against the British colonists after they expanded their military presence in the Great Lakes area during and after the French and Indian War.
Why did the British not care about Native Americans?
For instance, whereas the French had respected Native American traditions and had traded freely with the tribes, the British did not seem to care about maintaining good relations with the Native Americans and restricted their ability to trade. The Native Americans had grown accustomed to hunting with weapons and ammunition supplied by the French, but when the British took control of the area, they refused to provide arms to the Native Americans, which had a negative effect on their ability to hunt. British attitudes and actions provoked the distrust and hostility of the tribes in the area, many of which banded together to resist the further encroachment of the British onto their lands.
What was the name of the war between Britain and France that took over the Ohio Territory?
The Seven Years' War . The Seven Years' War , also called the French and Indian War, which broke out in 1754 and lasted until 1763, was an imperial war between Britain and France over control of the Ohio territory.
Where is Pontiac located?
Pontiac was a leader of the Odawa tribe located in the area of modern-day Ontario, Canada, and the Great Lakes region.
Who painted the siege of Fort Detroit?
Painting depicting the siege of Fort Detroit. Frederick Remington, depiction of the siege of Fort Detroit, late 19th century. Image credit: Wikimedia Commons. In May 1763, Pontiac, a leader of the Odawa tribe, led a force of 300 members of different tribes in an attack on Fort Detroit, attempting to wrest it from the British.
Did the Proclamation increase tensions between Europe and the American colonies?
The proclamation did increase tensions between Europe and the American colonies though. Actually, it says in the last paragraph that the proclamation was 'one of the grievances leading to the American Revolutionary War.'. 2 comments. Comment on Ginny Page's post “I don't think it did since the Revolutionary War s...”.
What was Pontiac’s Rebellion of 1763?
Pontiac’s Rebellion of 1763 was an uprising of dozens of midwestern Native American nations in the aftermath of the French and Indian War.
What was the name of the town that Pontiac captured?
Pontiac’s Rebellion began with a surprise attempt to capture the (relatively) heavily garrisoned Fort Detroit in early May 1763. Chief Pontiac of the Ottawa nation was the leader of the assault, though other nearby tribes joined him.
Why was the Proclamation of 1763 important?
A map of the Proclamation of 1763 dividing lines. The Proclamation of 1763 was a big reason for the conclusion of Pontiac’s Rebellion.
When did Pontiac sign the peace treaty?
Several other treaties would be signed later that year and in 1765, though Pontiac himself would not sign a peace treaty officially ending Pontiac’s Rebellion until 1766.
How many British forts were destroyed by Native Americans?
Regardless, the Native American nations saw great success in ousting the British from their forts on the frontier. By the end of June, 8 of the 11 British frontier forts had been captured or destroyed by Native Americans.
What was the effect of Amherst on the British?
Amherst also severely reduced the trade of weapons and ammunition to the natives. The British feared that by continuing to provide weapons and ammunition, it could encourage future rebellions.
What were the problems with the acquisition of territory?
The massive territory acquisitions came with their own set of problems though. Land-hungry colonists rushed into the newly-acquired regions staking claims on native lands and clashing with the native communities.
Overview
Aftermath
The total loss of life resulting from Pontiac's War is unknown. About 400 British soldiers were killed in action and perhaps 50 were captured and tortured to death. George Croghan estimated that 2,000 settlers had been killed or captured, a figure sometimes repeated as 2,000 settlers killed. The violence compelled approximately 4,000 settlers from Pennsylvania and Virginia to flee …
Naming the war
The conflict is named after its most well-known participant, the Odawa leader named Pontiac. An early name for the war was the "Kiyasuta and Pontiac War," "Kiaysuta" being an alternate spelling for Guyasuta, an influential Seneca/Mingo leader. The war became widely known as "Pontiac's Conspiracy" after the 1851 publication of Francis Parkman's The Conspiracy of Pontiac. Parkman's book was the definitive account of the war for nearly a century and is still in print.
Origins
In the decades before Pontiac's War, France and Great Britain participated in a series of wars in Europe that involved the French and Indian Wars in North America. The largest of these wars was the worldwide Seven Years' War, in which France lost New France in North America to Great Britain. Most fighting in the North American theater of the war, generally called the French and Indian …
Outbreak of war, 1763
Although fighting in Pontiac's War began in 1763, rumors reached British officials as early as 1761 that discontented American Indians were planning an attack. Senecas of the Ohio Country (Mingos) circulated messages ("war belts" made of wampum) calling for the tribes to form a confederacy and drive away the British. The Mingos, led by Guyasuta and Tahaiadoris, were concerned abou…
Paxton Boys
The violence and terror of Pontiac's War convinced many western Pennsylvanians that their government was not doing enough to protect them. This discontentment was manifested most seriously in an uprising led by a vigilante group known as the Paxton Boys, so-called because they were primarily from the area around the Pennsylvania village of Paxton (or Paxtang). The Pax…
British response, 1764–1766
Indian raids on frontier settlements escalated in the spring and summer of 1764. The hardest hit colony was Virginia, where more than 100 settlers were killed. On May 26 in Maryland, 15 colonists working in a field near Fort Cumberland were killed. On June 14, about 13 settlers near Fort Loudoun in Pennsylvania were killed and their homes burned. The most notorious raid occu…
Problems on The American Frontier
- With the end of the French and Indian War, Great Britain claimed a vast new expanse of territory, at least on paper. Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris, the French territory known as New France had ceased to exist. British territorial holdings now extended from Canada to Florida, and the focus of the British military shifted to maintaining peace in the new territories. However, muc…
Pontiac’s War
- Pontiac took Neolin’s prophecy to heart and sparked a rebellion against British soldiers, traders, and settlers, which would come to be known as Pontiac’s War or Pontiac’s Rebellion. At its height, the pan-tribal uprising included Native peoples from the territory between the Great Lakes, Appalachians, and the Mississippi River. Though Pontiac did ...
Peace Settlement
- Pontiac’s War lasted until 1766. Native American tribes attacked British forts and frontier settlements, killing as many as 400 soldiers and 2,000 settlers. Disease and a shortage of supplies ultimately undermined the tribes’ war effort, and in July 1766 Pontiac met with British official and diplomat William Johnson at Fort Ontario and settled for peace. Though the tribes di…
Aftermath of The War
- Coinciding with the end of the Seven Year’s War, the effects of Pontiac’s War were substantial and widespread. The war proved that coercion was not an effective strategy for imperial control, though the British government would continue to employ this strategy to consolidate their power in North America, most notably through the various taxation Acts imposed on their colonies. Ad…