What is the difference between net diffusion and diffusion?
What is the difference between net diffusion and diffusion? The diffusion is a random process from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration down the concentration gradient Let's say you have a membrane which can allow water movement but not sugar molecules.
What is NETnet diffusion?
Net Diffusion is a net movement (where the maximum particles moved) movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration down the concentration gradient
How do you know when diffusion has reached end point?
Diffusion has reached end point when the particles are evenly distributed in all the parts of the system . Diffusion is the process of molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. When diffusion is over you will have reached what is known as equilibrium.
Is diffusion a random process?
The diffusion is a random process from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration down the concentration gradient.
At what point does diffusion stop?
Diffusion stops when the concentration of the substance is equal in both areas. This does not mean that the molecules of substance are not moving any more, just that there is no overall movement in one direction. Molecules of substance are moving equally in both directions.
Will net diffusion come to an end?
Diffusion will continue until the concentration gradient has been eliminated. Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes "down the concentration gradient".
When would the net diffusion of water molecules stop?
The net fluid flux ends when the concentration of osmotic active molecules is equal in the two compartments. Therefore the distribution of water is a matter of osmosis and not transport of solutes.
How long does diffusion last?
How long does diffusion last? Until it reaches equilibrium, when there is an equal amount of the substance distributed everywhere.
Does osmosis stop when equilibrium is reached?
Osmosis does not stop when equilibrium is reached.
Does osmosis go from high to low concentration?
In osmosis, water moves from areas of low concentration of solute to areas of high concentration of solute.
Why is there no net movement of water?
If the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside the cell, and the solutes cannot cross the membrane, then that solution is hypotonic to the cell. If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, there will be no net flow of water into or out of the cell, and the cell's volume will remain stable.
What does it mean when the net movement of water is 0?
When the concentration is the same on both sides of the membrane, the movement of water molecules will be the same in both directions. At this point, the net exchange of water is zero and there is no further change in the liquid levels.
What is meant by no net movement?
When a red blood cell is placed in an isotonic solution, there will be no net movement of water. Both the concentration of solute and water are equal both intracellularly and extracellularly; therefore, there will be no net movement of water towards the solution or the cell.
What is net diffusion?
Net diffusion is when the flow of solute particle moving in one direction is bigger than the flow of solute particles moving in the opposite direction.
How long does the diffusion process take?
Diffusion time is inversely proportional to the diffusion coefficient (D). Table 1 provides the diffusion coefficient for a few selected ions and molecules. Table 1....Distance of DiffusionApproximate Time Required100 μm2.38 s1 mm3.97 min1 cm6.61 hours10 cm27.56 days5 more rows•Apr 2, 2006
How do you determine the rate of diffusion?
You can write the formula for Graham's law of diffusion or effusion of gases as: rate 1 / rate 2 = √ (mass 2 / mass 1) , where: rate 1 and rate 2 - Rates of effusion or diffusion of Gas 1 and 2, respectively, measured moles per unit time.
What does net diffusion mean?
Net diffusion is when the flow of solute particle moving in one direction is bigger than the flow of solute particles moving in the opposite direction.
Is net diffusion and diffusion the same?
Biologists often use the terms "net movement" or "net diffusion" to describe the movement of ions or molecules by diffusion. For example, oxygen can diffuse through cell membranes so long as there is a higher concentration of oxygen outside the cell.
What is the net movement?
The number of the molecules moving in the direction of the forces minus the number of the molecules moving in other direction is the net movement of the molecules.
Does diffusion require energy?
Passive mechanisms like diffusion use no energy, while active transport requires energy to get done.
Abstract
Non-linear manifold learning enables high-dimensional data analysis, but requires out-of-sample-extension methods to process new data points.
1. Introduction
Real world data is often high dimensional, yet concentrates near a lower dimensional manifold, embedded in the high dimensional ambient space. In many applications, finding a low-dimensional representation of the data is necessary to efficiently handle it and the representation usually reveals meaningful structures within the data.
2. Background and related work
Diffusion maps is a popular manifold learning technique, based on the construction of the graph Laplacian of the data set [9]. It has been used successfully in various signal processing, image processing and machine learning applications [10], [16], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32].
3. Diffusion net
We assume the data lies on a smooth, compact, d -dimensional Riemannian manifold embedded in a high-dimensional space , ( ). Calculating the diffusion map (4) for a given training set maps the high-dimensional space to Euclidean space , revealing the low-dimensional structure of the data.
4. Practical considerations
This section provides implementation details regarding the optimization of the diffusion net and the computational complexity of our approach.
5. Bounding the out-of-sample-extension error
In this section, we provide a theoretical bound on the error rate for approximating eigenfunctions of the Laplacian using a single layer network of sigmoid hidden units. The full derivation is given in Appendix A. Suppose M is a smooth compact d -dimensional submanifold of R n.
6. Experimental results
In this section, we present experimental results for several toy problems and real image data. We demonstrate the performance of the encoder and decoder separately and then joining them in an autoencoder.
What is diffusion in science?
Diffusion is the tendency of molecules to spread into an available space. This tendency is a result of the intrinsic thermal energy (heat) found in all molecules at temperatures above absolute zero. A simplified way to understand this concept is to imagine a crowded subway train in New York City. At rush hour most want to get to work ...
What affects the rate of diffusion of different substances?
Although the process is spontaneous, the rate of diffusion of different substances is affected by membrane permeability. Since cell membranes are selectively permeable (only some substances can pass), different molecules will have different rates of diffusion.
What is passive transport?
Passive transport is the diffusion of substances across a membrane. This is a spontaneous process and cellular energy is not expended. Molecules will move from where the substance is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated. "This cartoon illustrates passive diffusion. The dashed line is intended to indicate a membrane ...
What does the red line mean in a cell membrane?
The dashed line is intended to indicate a membrane that is permeable to the molecules or ions illustrated as red dots. Initially, all of the red dots are within the membrane. As time passes, there is net diffusion of the red dots out of the membrane, following their concentration gradient.
What type of transport allows molecules to cross membranes?
In other cases, the protein changes shape, allowing molecules to pass through. Mariana Ruiz Villarreal. Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special transport proteins.
What is a hypertonic concentration?
A hypertonic concentration means that the salt water solution contains a higher concentration of solute and a lower concentration of water than the blood cells.
What is the process of diffuse?
No work is performed for this to happen. Diffusion is a spontaneous process. This process is called passive transport.
