What is the structure and function of algae?
Form and function of algae. The algal cell. Algal cells are eukaryotic and contain three types of double-membrane-bound organelles: the nucleus, the chloroplast, and the mitochondrion.
What are the organelles in algae cells?
The algal cell Algal cells are eukaryotic and contain three types of double-membrane-bound organelles: the nucleus, the chloroplast, and the mitochondrion. In most algal cells there is only a single nucleus, although some cells are multinucleate. In addition, some algae are siphonaceous, meaning the many nuclei are not separated by cell walls.
How many nuclei are there in algae?
In most algal cells there is only a single nucleus, although some cells are multinucleate. In addition, some algae are siphonaceous, meaning the many nuclei are not separated by cell walls. The nucleus contains most of the genetic material, or deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ), of the cell.
What type of organism is algae?
Algae are eukaryotic organisms, which are organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures (organelles) enclosed within membranes. They live in moist environments, mostly aquatic, and contain chlorophyll.
Does algae have a cell wall or plasma membrane?
Like plants, algae have cell walls. Algal cell walls contain cellulose and a variety of glycoproteins.
Does algae have a cell wall?
Algal cell walls are composed of a diverse array of fibrillar, matrix and crystalline polymers interacting with various ions and water. The diverse array of cell walls exhibited in the various algal groups is a manifestation of ancient evolutionary origins and ecological pressures of modern earth habitats.
Does algae have a cytoplasm?
Note: Green algae use chlorophyll to capture light energy and change it to food for cells by process of photosynthesis. The process of photosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasm of algae where they produce their own food and results in the formation of carbohydrates and oxygen.
What algae does not have a cell wall?
All algal, fungal and bacterial cells possess cell walls. Algal cell wall is mainly composed of cellulose, fungal cell wall comprises chitin and bacterial cell wall is mainly made up of lipopolysaccharides.
In which algae cell wall is absent?
Mycoplasmataceae can contort into a wide variety of shapes, from round to oblong, due to the lack of a rigid cell wall. Therefore, they cannot be categorized as rods, cocci, spirochetes. Nostoc is a blue-green alga or cyano-bacterial genus.
Which organelle is not found in algae?
So, the blue green algae lacks mitochondria.
What organelle is only found in algae?
ChloroplastsChloroplasts are the food producers of the cell. The organelles are only found in plant cells and some protists such as algae. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts. Chloroplasts work to convert light energy of the Sun into sugars that can be used by cells.
What are algal cell walls made of?
So, the correct answer is 'Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Pectins'.
Does green algae have a cell wall?
Some green algae are covered by multiple layers of intricately sculpted scales while others have crystalline glycoprotein coverings or thick multilaminate fibrillar cell walls.
Do plants and algae have cell walls?
All photosynthetic multicellular Eukaryotes, including land plants and algae, have cells that are surrounded by a dynamic, complex, carbohydrate-rich cell wall.
Does fungi and algae have cell wall?
Not only plants, but fungi, algae and bacteria also contain cell walls. Q. Assertion :Fungi are Achlorophyllous, multicellular and eukaryotic decomposers. Reason: Fungi have cell wall rich in chitin.
Does algae have cell structure?
Algal cells are eukaryotic and contain three types of double-membrane-bound organelles: the nucleus, the chloroplast, and the mitochondrion. In most algal cells there is only a single nucleus, although some cells are multinucleate.
What is the cell wall of algae?
Cell wall of most algae is cellulosic. It also contains hemicellulose, mucilage, pectin and other substances like alginic acid, fucoidin, fucin, calcium carbonate, silica etc. in different combinations in different groups of algae. Electron microscopic studies reveal that the cellulosic wall is composed of cellulose microfibrils ...
Which group of algae has motile cells?
Motile vegetative or reproductive cells are present in all groups of algae except Cyanophyceae and Rtiodophyceae. The movement is achieved by the beating action of small filiform or thread-like protoplasmic appendages, called flagella. They vary in. number, length, position and presence or absence of hairs in different numbers. The number varies from one to four or many.
What are the xanthophylls found in algae?
Several types of xanthophylls are found in algae. Of them lutein, violaxanthin and neoxanthin are found in the members of Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae. Fucoxanthin is the main xanthophyll pigment in Phaeophyceae and Bacillariophyceae, whereas myxoxanthophyll, myxoxanthin and oscilloxan- thin are found only in Cyanophyceae.
How many types of chlorophyll are there in algae?
There are five types of chlorophylls found in algae, Chi a, b, c, d, and e. Of them, chlorophyll a is present in all groups of algae. Chlorophyll b is found only in Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyll c in Phaeophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Chrysophyceae, Chlorophyll d in some red algae, and chlorophyll e in certain Xanthophyceae.
What is flagella root?
Flagellar Roots in Algae: Flagella are the extremely fine, hyaline emergence of cytoplasm. Commonly there is a single granule at the base of each flagellum (Fig. 3.15A), the blepharoplast or basal body. If algal cell has a firm wall, the flagellum emerges through a pore.
How many singlet fibrils are there in the flagellum?
In transverse section, the flagellum (Fig. 3.15B) shows two central singlet fibrils surrounded by nine peripheral doublet fibrils. Each fibril is covered by a membrane and the two central ones are further covered with an additional membrane. Botany, Algae, Cell Structures, Cell Structures in Algae.
How many nucleoli are there in an algae?
The number of nucleoli varies in different algae. It may be one, two or more. The chromosomes may have a localised or diffused centromere. The number of chromosomes vary from species to species —the lowest number being n=2 (e.g., Porphyra linearis), while the highest is n=592 (Netrium digitali).
What is an algae?
Algae are eukaryotic organisms, which are organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures (organelles) enclosed within membranes. They live in moist environments, mostly aquatic, and contain chlorophyll.
What is the composition of algae?
Algae is composed of ~ 50% carbon, 10% nitrogen, and 2% phosphorus. Table 10.3 shows the composition of various algae looking at the percentages of protein, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acid.
What kingdom do algae belong to?
Algae belong to the Protista kingdom. Figure 10.3 shows a schematic of where Protista fits with other classifications of Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Eubacteria, and Archaebacteria.
What is the name of the algae that contains chlorophyll?
Credit: Phylogenetic Tree from creationwiki.org. (link is external) Red algae are another type and contain chlorophyll a, such as marine algae (seaweed). These organisms are in the division of Rhodophyta, which has over 4000 species.
What are the colors of algae?
They have five kinds of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, c, d, and f) and have many accessory pigments that are blue, red, brown, and gold. Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in almost all plant algae and cyanobacteria.
What are the components of a plant cell?
Within the cell, there are layers of phycobilisomes, photosynthetic lamellae, ribosomes, protein granules, and circular DNA known as nucleoids. These are typical components of growing plants - however, the component we are interested in are lipid droplets, which are oils that can be extracted from the algae.
Where are green algae found?
This is the largest and most diverse group of algae. It is found mostly in freshwaters and also on land (rocks, trees, and soil).
