What are the key facts of Mogadishu?
How big is Mogadishu? 35.14 mi². Click to see full answer. Also to know is, how old is Mogadishu? Founded by the Arabs in the 10th century, Mogadishu became the …
Where is Mogadishu located in Somalia?
Mogadishu Sultanate was a medieval Somali sultanate centered in southern Somalia.It rose as one of the pre-eminent powers in the Horn of Africa under the rule of Fakhr ad-Din before becoming part of the expanding Ajuran Empire in the 13th century. The Mogadishu Sultanate maintained a vast trading network, dominated the regional gold trade, minted its own currency, …
What was the Battle of Mogadishu?
Mogadishu - Population. 1 588 173 people Flag of Somalia In March 2021 2022. Accessible information on the population of any region, fast work of the site and constant updating of information are the basis of our resource. Soon it will be possible to see the city of Mogadishu on the map. List of cities in Somalia by population. Population of mark.
Is Mogadishu like Manhattan?
Who owns Mogadishu?
British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, with Mogadishu serving as the nation's capital.
How many square is Mogadishu?
The urban area occupies 91 square kilometres , with a population density of around 26,800 inhabitants per square kilometre . As Somalia's capital city, many important national institutions are based in Mogadishu.
What is the population of Mogadishu?
2,587,183The largest city in the country is Mogadishu, which has over 2.5 million residents and accounts for about one-quarter of the country's total population count....Population.Name2022 PopulationMogadishu2,587,183Hargeysa477,876Berbera242,344Kismayo234,85242 more rows
What is Mogadishu known for?
Mogadishu lies on the historically important Indian Ocean Benadir coast, and the city has served as an important regional port for centuries. With the 1991 collapse of central governance in Somalia, Mogadishu has seen 15 years of fighting by rival militias.
What is the capital city of Mogadishu?
Mogadishu, Somali Muqdisho, Italian Mogadiscio, Arabic Maqdishu, capital, largest city, and a major port of Somalia, located just north of the Equator on the Indian Ocean. One of the earliest Arab settlements on the East African coast, its origins date to the 10th century.
Why is Mogadishu the capital of Somalia?
After Somalia declared its independence in 1960, the capital Mogadishu was introduced as “White pearl of the Indian Ocean”. Because it is the capital city, many important institutions are here, which makes the city develop more quickly.
Is Somalia a poor country?
Decades of civil war and political fragmentation have made Somalia one of the poorest countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly seven of 10 Somalis live in poverty, the sixth-highest rate in the region.Dec 9, 2019
What is the poorest city in Somalia?
MOGADISHU, SomaliaMOGADISHU, Somalia – Among the world's poorest cities is Mogadishu, Somalia. This city, also the capital, is located on the Eastern coast of Africa and is riddled with civil war, homelessness, hunger and extreme poverty.Oct 24, 2013
When was Mogadishu?
Battle of Mogadishu (1993)Battle of MogadishuSuper Six-Four, one of the Black Hawks which would be shot down, above MogadishuDate 3–4 October 1993 Location Mogadishu, Somalia Result Inconclusive, see AftermathBelligerentsUnited States Malaysia Pakistan Supported by: United NationsSomali National Alliance7 more rows
Is it safe to visit Mogadishu?
SOMALIA - AVOID ALL TRAVEL If you are currently in Somalia despite this advisory, you should leave immediately. The security situation in Somalia is extremely volatile and the threat of domestic terrorism is high, particularly in south-central Somalia and in the capital, Mogadishu.Apr 6, 2022
What is life like in Mogadishu?
Safety and Security in Mogadishu High levels of poverty resulting from almost two decades of instability and infighting caused are very high rates of theft and violent crime. Armed militias are known to carry out armed robberies and kidnappings; there are also frequent outbreaks of tribal violence.
What happened Mogadishu?
In October 1993, elite American troops launched a disastrous raid in the Somali capital Mogadishu. Their aim was to capture key allies of the powerful Somali warlord, Gen Mohamed Farah Aideed. But US forces met fierce resistance from Aideed's militia. Two US Black Hawk helicopters were shot down.
What is the history of Mogadishu?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jump to navigation Jump to search. Prior to the civil war, Mogadishu was known as the White pearl of the Indian Ocean. Mogadishu ( Somali: Muqdisho, popularly Xamar; Arabic: مقديشو ) is the largest city in Somalia and the nation's capital.
What was the Golden Age of Mogadishu?
In the early 13th century, Mogadishu along with other coastal and interior Somali cities in southern Somalia and eastern Abyissina came under the Ajuran Sultanate control and experienced another Golden Age. By the 1500s, Mogadishu was no longer a vassal state and became a full fledged Ajuran city. An Ajuran family, Muduffar, established a dynasty in the city, thus combining two entities together for the next 350 years, the fortunes of the urban cities in the interior and coast became the fortunes of the other.
Where is the coral house?
Entrance of a coral stone house in Mogadishu. For many years Mogadishu functioned as the pre-eminent city in the بلد البربر ( Bilad al Barbar – "Land of the Berbers "), as medieval Arabic-speakers named the Somali coast.
Who built the mosque in Mogadishu?
Engraving of the 13th century Fakr ad-Din Mosque built by Fakr ad-Din, the first Sultan of the Sultanate of Mogadishu. Tradition and old records assert that southern Somalia, including the Mogadishu area, was inhabited very early by hunter-gatherers of Khoisan descent. Although most of these early inhabitants are believed to have been ...
What is Sarapion in the Erythraean Sea?
The ancient city of Sarapion is believed to have been the predecessor state of Mogadishu. It is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a Greek travel document dating from the first century AD, as one of a series of commercial ports on the Somali littoral. According to the Periplus, maritime trade already connected peoples in the Mogadishu area with other communities along the Somali Sea coast.
When did Somaliland become independent?
British Somaliland became independent on June 26, 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On July 1, 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, with Mogadishu as the nation's capital.
What is the Mogadishu Sultanate?
Mogadishu Sultanate was a medieval Somali sultanate centered in southern Somalia. It rose as one of the pre-eminent powers in the Horn of Africa under the rule of Fakhr ad-Din before becoming part of the expanding Ajuran Empire in the 13th century. The Mogadishu Sultanate maintained a vast trading network, dominated the regional gold trade, minted its own currency, and left an extensive architectural legacy in present-day southern Somalia. A local city-state which much influence over the hinterland neighboring coastal towns.
Who were the dead in the Battle of Mogadishu?
casualties (Black Hawk Super 64 's crewmembers and their defenders, Delta Force soldiers MSG Gordon and SFC Shughart) were dragged through Mogadishu's streets by crowds of local civilians and SNA forces.
What was the first helicopter downed in Mogadishu?
On 25 September 1993, a week before the Battle, Aidid supporters used an RPG to shoot down a Black Hawk near the New Port in Mogadishu. It had been assigned to the 101st Airborne Division and all three crew members were killed. It was the first time a helicopter had been downed in Mogadishu, and the event was a huge psychological victory for the SNA.
What was the name of the battle that was fought in 1993?
The Battle of Mogadishu ( Somali: Maalintii Rangers, lit. '"Day of the Rangers"'), also known as the Black Hawk Down incident, was part of Operation Gothic Serpent. It was fought on 3–4 October 1993, in Mogadishu, Somalia, between forces of the United States—supported by UNOSOM II —and Somali militiamen loyal to Mohamed Farrah Aidid.
How many people died in the Somalia war?
In September 1991, severe fighting broke out in Mogadishu, which continued in the following months and spread throughout the country, with over 20,000 people killed or injured by the end of the year. These wars led to the destruction of Somalia's agriculture, which in turn led to starvation in large parts of the country.
When did the Black Hawk Down movie come out?
In March 2013, two survivors from Task Force Ranger returned to Mogadishu with a film crew to shoot a short film, Return to Mogadishu: Remembering Black Hawk Down, which debuted in October 2013 on the 20th anniversary of the battle.
What was the purpose of the bloody Monday?
On 12 July 1993, a U.S.-led operation led to the event Somalis call Bloody Monday. As part of the campaign to find or kill Aidid , American forces attacked a house in Mogadishu after being tipped off by an undercover operative that Aidid would be there at a meeting with tribal leaders. At 10:18 in the morning, American Cobra attack helicopters launched TOW Missiles and 20 mm caliber cannon fire at the structure. The inhabitants of the house, and their reason for being there, is disputed. American forces claimed that it was a meeting of a war council, and that their mission was a success. According to American war correspondent Scott Peterson, a group of Somali elders had gathered at a house to discuss a way to make peace to end the violence between Somali militias and the UN forces. The gathering had been publicized in Somali newspapers the day before the attack as a peace gathering. Regardless of the true purpose of the meeting, the attack was perceived as a very aggressive action by a country not actively at war with Somalia, and caused most Somalis to lose trust in the United States.
How many people died in the Battle of Black Hawk?
The exact number of Somali casualties is unknown, but estimates range from several hundred to a thousand militiamen and others killed, with injuries to another 3,000–4,000. The International Committee of the Red Cross estimated that 200 Somali civilians were killed and several hundred wounded in the fighting, with reports that some civilians attacked the Americans. The book Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War estimates more than 700 Somali militiamen dead and more than 1,000 wounded, but the Somali National Alliance in a Frontline documentary on American television acknowledged only 133 killed in the whole battle. The Somali casualties were reported in The Washington Post as 312 killed and 814 wounded. The Pentagon initially reported five American soldiers were killed, but the toll was actually 18 American soldiers dead and 73 wounded. Two days later, a 19th soldier, Delta operator SFC Matt Rierson, was killed in a mortar attack. Among U.N. forces, one Malaysian and one Pakistani died; seven Malaysians and two Pakistanis were wounded. At the time the battle was the bloodiest involving U.S. troops since the Vietnam War, and it remained so until the Second Battle of Fallujah in 2004.
Background
Order of Battle
- U.S. and UNOSOM
Units involved in the battle: 1. Task Force Ranger, including: 1.1. C Squadron, 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta (1st SFOD-D) – aka Delta Force 1.2. Bravo Company, 3rd Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment 1.3. 1st Battalion, 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment(… - USC/SNA
The size and organizational structure of the Somali militia forces involved in the battle are not known in detail. In all, between 2,000–4,000 regular faction members are believed to have participated, almost all of whom belonged to Aidid's Somali National Alliance. They drew largely …
Planning
- On 3 October 1993, special operations forces consisting of Bravo Company 3rd Battalion, the 75th Ranger Regiment, the 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta, and the 160th Aviation Battalion, attempted to capture Aidid's foreign minister, Omar Salad Elmim and his top political advisor, Mohamed Hassan Awale. The plan was that Delta operators would assault the target bu…
Raid
- At 13:50, Task Force Ranger analysts received intelligence of Salad's location. The soldiers, vehicle convoys, and helicopters were on high alert stand by until the code word "Irene" was echoed across all the radio channels by command. The code word "Irene" was the word that began the mission and sent the helicopters into the air. At 15:42, the MH-6 assault Little Birds ca…
Aftermath
- After the battle, the bodies of several of the conflict's U.S. casualties (Black Hawk Super 64's crewmembers and their defenders, Delta Force soldiers MSG Gordon and SFC Shughart) were dragged through Mogadishu's streets by crowds of local civilians and SNAforces. Through negotiation and threats to the Habar Gidir clan leaders by the U.S. Special Envoy for Somalia, Ro…
Published Accounts
- In 1999, writer Mark Bowden published the book Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War, which chronicles the events that surrounded the battle. The book was based on his series of columns for The Philadelphia Inquirerabout the battle and the men who fought. Falcon Brigade: Combat and Command in Somalia and Haiti,by Lawrence E. Casper (Col. USA Ret.), published in 2001 by …
See Also
References
- Bowden, Mark (1999). Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War. Berkeley, CA: Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 0-87113-738-0.
- Eversmann, Matthew (SSG) (2005). The Battle of Mogadishu: Firsthand Accounts from the Men of Task Force Ranger. Presidio Press. ISBN 0345466683.
- Wright, Lawrence (2006). The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11. New York: Kn…
- Bowden, Mark (1999). Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War. Berkeley, CA: Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 0-87113-738-0.
- Eversmann, Matthew (SSG) (2005). The Battle of Mogadishu: Firsthand Accounts from the Men of Task Force Ranger. Presidio Press. ISBN 0345466683.
- Wright, Lawrence (2006). The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11. New York: Knopf. ISBN 037541486X.
Bibliography
- Allard, Colonel Kenneth, Somalia Operations: Lessons Learned, National Defense University Press(1995).
- Boykin, William (Maj. Gen.), Never Surrender, Faith Words, New York, NY, (2008).
- Chun, Clayton K.S., Gothic Serpent: Black Hawk Down, Mogadishu 1993. Osprey Raid Series #31. Osprey Publishing (2012). ISBN 9781849085847
- Allard, Colonel Kenneth, Somalia Operations: Lessons Learned, National Defense University Press(1995).
- Boykin, William (Maj. Gen.), Never Surrender, Faith Words, New York, NY, (2008).
- Chun, Clayton K.S., Gothic Serpent: Black Hawk Down, Mogadishu 1993. Osprey Raid Series #31. Osprey Publishing (2012). ISBN 9781849085847
- Clarke, Walter, and Herbst, Jeffrey, editors, Learning from Somalia: The Lessons of Armed Humanitarian Intervention, Westview Press(1997).
External Links
- Black Hawk Down, The Philadelphia Inquirer
- PBS – Ambush in Mogadishu, PBS
- The Borneo Post - Book tells the truth on the ‘Black Hawk Down’ incident in Mogadishu The Borneo Post
- RojakDaily - 8 Things We Learned From Colonel Khairul Anuar, A Malaysian 'Black Hawk Dow…
- Black Hawk Down, The Philadelphia Inquirer
- PBS – Ambush in Mogadishu, PBS
- The Borneo Post - Book tells the truth on the ‘Black Hawk Down’ incident in Mogadishu The Borneo Post
- RojakDaily - 8 Things We Learned From Colonel Khairul Anuar, A Malaysian 'Black Hawk Down' Hero RojakDaily