Richelieu was the chief advisor to King Louis XIII. With his position of religious and political power, Richelieu centralized the government, weakened the nobility, and strengthened the military. By weakening those beneath the king and giving him more military strength, Richelieu created a very powerful monarchy.
See more
What two steps does Richelieu take to increase the power of the monarchy?
First, he moved against Huguenots. Second, he sought to weaken the nobles' power. Richelieu ordered nobles to take down their fortified castles.
Who was Cardinal Richelieu and what actions did he take to strengthen his monarchy?
Cardinal Richelieu's policy involved two primary goals: centralization of power in France and opposition to the Habsburg dynasty. Richelieu's decisions to suppress the influence of the feudal nobility and levy taxes targeted mostly at the commoners made him a hated figure among both the nobility and the peasantry.
What did Cardinal Richelieu accomplish?
Richelieu's time as chief minister is notable for many reasons. He attacked the Huguenots; reformed the navy and army; crushed any rebellions and advanced royal absolutism; he raised money by any methods required and he supervised a foreign policy that was designed to make France the greatest power in Europe.
How did Cardinal Richelieu and Louis XIV try to increase the power of the monarchy?
How did Cardinal Richelieu and Louis XIV try to increase the power of the monarchy? He reduced the power of local nobles, who controlled much of France. He built up the French military using it to defeat nobles private armies. He raised taxes.
How much power did Cardinal Richelieu have?
Cardinal Richelieu was one of the most powerful men in France during the mid 17th century. Though he was considered at one point to be second only to the King of France, he had numerous accomplishments both during and after his rise to extreme power.
What did Cardinal Richelieu do quizlet?
Cardinal Richelieu was a French clergyman, noble and statesman. He sought to consolidate royal power and crush domestic factions. By restraining the power of the nobility, he transformed France into a strong, centralized state.
Which of these was a key goal of Cardinal Richelieu?
Cardinal Richelieu's policy involved two primary goals: centralization of power in France and opposition to the Habsburg dynasty (which ruled in both Austria and Spain). Shortly after he became Louis's principal minister, he was faced with a crisis in the Valtellina, a valley in Lombardy (northern Italy).
What was Richelieu criticized for?
This involvement on behalf of the Protestants was regarded by many Catholics in his own time and later as a betrayal of the church by one of its princes, and Richelieu has been criticized for intensifying a war whose horrors have rarely been equaled.
What King did Richelieu serve?
Louis XIIILouis XIII, byname Louis the Just, French Louis le Juste, (born September 27, 1601, Fontainebleau, France—died May 14, 1643, Saint-Germain-en-Laye), king of France from 1610 to 1643, who cooperated closely with his chief minister, the Cardinal de Richelieu, to make France a leading European power.
What led to the rise of monarchy?
The prosperity and peace brought by the time period encouraged the rise of such rulers. Also, many Europeans wanted to see strong national governments to help protect them. The growth of trade and towns during the late Middle Ages led to many of these changes as well.
What led to the rise of absolute monarchs?
The rise of powerful centralized national states and the theological theory of the divine right led to the rise of absolute monarchies in Europe. Prior to the rise of absolute monarchs a collection of Nobles(think Italian city states) ruled, these Nobles were generally overseen by a ruler (king).
What factors led to the rise of monarchs?
What led to the rise of Absolute Rulers?Decline of feudalism and growth of cities / middle class – monarchs promised peace and growth.Monarchs used colonial wealth during the Age of Exploration to pay for their ambitions.Church authority weakened – monarchs could gain additional power.More items...
Who was Cardinal Richelieu simple?
Armand Jean du Plessis, better known as Cardinal Richelieu (9 September 1585–4 December 1642) was a French clergyman, noble, and statesman. His full name was Armand Jean du Plessis. He was later created the Duke of Richelieu and duke of Fronsac.
Who is Duke de Richelieu?
Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, duke de Richelieu, (born Sept. 25, 1766, Paris, Fr. —died May 17, 1822, Paris), French nobleman, soldier, and statesman who, as premier of France (1815–18 and 1820–21), obtained the withdrawal of the Allied occupation army from France.
Who is Cardinal Richelieu in The Three Musketeers?
The Three Musketeers (1993) - Tim Curry as Cardinal Richelieu - IMDb.
Who was cardinal Mazarin and what did he do?
He served as papal nuncio to the French court (1634–36), where he admired cardinal de Richelieu. He worked for French interests in the papal court, then entered the service of France and became a naturalized French citizen (1639) and a cardinal (1641).
Why is monarchy important?
No longer shall the masses choose their leader, rather they shall have their deserved father figure to lead the nation to strength and glory. Monarchy brings grace and nobility to the nation.
How did Protestantism come to the Nobility?
Protestantism came to the nobility first as they were able to read the tracts and pamphlets proclaiming the return to primitive Christianity with its emphasis on the bible and preaching and the elimination of what they saw as man made religion. Originally Lutheran they soon adopted the faith as interpreted by a fellow Frenchman Jean Cauvin (John Calvin) living in exile in Geneva Switzerland. Thousands of refugees from France and Scotland came to be taught and act as missionaries.
What good would it do to return to proud soldiers donning pickelhauben goose-stepping to the tune of?
Imagine what good it would do to return to proud soldiers donning pickelhauben goose-stepping to the tune of Preußens Gloria in Berlin. National pride in Germany would soar, and the Germans would reclaim their rightful heritage that has been denied to them since the end of WWII.
Why did France start distributing bread?
The situation was completely different in England, where agricultural improvements had eliminated famines, but in France the monarchy was obliged to start distributing bread to try to lessen protests.
What were the Huguenots?
The Huguenots were as much political as they were religious. They represented a faction in France that at times contested the king’s edicts. That they had a separate army led by prominent members like Coligny and the Prince Of Conde was a danger to the king’s idea of a unified nation.
What was the Edict of Nantes?
The Edict Of Nantes was a treaty promulgated By Henri IV the first Bourbon king. He’d been raised a Protestant and his sister was a leader in the Protestant movement. Some peace was possible but still there was violence. Cities were divided between the two faiths. A massacre took place on Henri’s wedding day with as many as 50,000 Protestants killed over a two week period including Protestant leaders like Coligny.
Why did Samuel de Champlain establish the Company of the Hundred Associates?
To support Samuel de Champlain and keep the post of Quebec, he founded the Company of the Hundred Associates and by the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye returned Canada to the French authority of Champlain, after the colony had been taken by the Kirkes brothers in 1629. This success allowed the colony to develop later and become the center of Francophone culture in North America.
How did Richelieu help the French?
Not only did Richelieu help to make France the greatest power in Europe , but he was also instrumental in the establishment of a French overseas Empire. His Navy reforms meant that the French could secure new colonies, especially in the eighteenth century. When he came to power, the French colony in New France (Canada) was in decline. He revived the fortunes of the colony by the formation of the ‘Company of New France.’
How did Richelieu reform the French Government?
Richelieu made sweeping changes to how France was governed. He expanded the standing army and the navy. He also made sure that the Royal Treasury regularly funded them for the first time. Richelieu was eager to remove the nobility's influence from the bureaucracy, and he opened the civil service to commoners. However, many of these bought their positions, leading to nepotism and corruption in the later years of Richelieu’s. The Cardinal did make the bureaucracy more efficient and made sure that the royal budget was balanced. His most important reforms were in local government. Traditionally the local notables had been free to do what they like; they were expected to administer their district.
Why was France divided before the arrival of Cardinal Richelieu?
It was surrounded by the Hapsburgs, who controlled the Low Countries and Spain. The kingdom was also very divided because of religion. Europe was torn by religious conflict, and in 1618 the Thirty Years War broke out, and much of the continent was dragged into the conflict between Catholic and Protestant. The international situation was destabilizing French society, which was divided between Catholic and Protestant (Huguenot).
Who was Cardinal Richelieu?
Cardinal Richelieu was born in 1585, during one of France’s many Religious Wars. Richelieu was the son of the Lord of Richelieu and a member of the minor nobility. He was educated in Paris Collège de Navarre, a brilliant student he was well-versed in history and the classics. He had originally intended to the military, but his family decided that he should enter the priesthood. In April 1607, after receiving a papal dispensation as he was only 21, he was ordained as a priest and bishop at Lucon. Richelieu was very ambitious and studied the works of Machiavelli. The extent of the Italian political philosopher's influence can be seen in Richelieu’s cynical aphorisms, especially in his Testament Politique (1641).
Why did Cardinal Richelieu attack the French Huguenots?
Richelieu attempted to revoke many of the privileges granted to the Huguenots under the Edict of Nantes. This action led to a rebellion, and Richelieu besieged one of their main strongholds La Rochelle. The Cardinal personally directed this siege, and he imitated Alexander the Great's siege tactics to capture the strategic port.
What was Cardinal Richelieu's role in the Thirty Years War?
Richelieu was unique among politicians of the time as he put his king's needs before that of his religion . He devised a strategy that promoted and safeguarded the geopolitical interests of France. Despite being an early adherent of the Devot party, he was determined to limit his fellow Catholics' power, the Hapsburgs.
How did Cardinal Richelieu help France?
The Cardinal used all the resources of France to contain and defeat the Hapsburgs. He was concerned that the Hapsburgs sought to encircle and conquer France. He raised taxes to pay for the military campaigns. The increased taxes disproportionately targeted ordinary families and even caused localized famines. However, Richelieu's policies were continued with, and they eventually led to the French victory over the Spanish Hapsburgs at Lens in 1648. This is widely regarded as the end of the Hapsburgs' supremacy in Europe and was a victory that saw France's emergence as the most significant power in Europe. Richelieu did not live to implement all his plans, but he undoubtedly helped make France the preeminent power in seventeenth-century Europe.
What was Louis XIV's greatest achievement?
One of his greatest accomplishments was the building of the palace at Versailles. Palace of Versailles. A large royal residence built in the seventeenth century by King Louis XIV of France, near Paris. The palace, with its lavishgardens and fountains, is a spectacular example of French classical architecture.
Why did Louis XIV persecute the Protestants?
Hugenots and Protestants began to be persecuted by Louis XIV. He did it so that he could create one religion over France.
What is the Prussian landed aristocracy?
Members of the Prussian landed aristocracy, a class formerly associated with political reaction and militarism.
Who ruled Brandenburg?
German royal family who ruled Brandenburg from 1415 and later extended their control to Prussia (1525). Under Frederick I (ruled 1701-1713) the family's possessions were unified as the kingdom of Prussia.
Why were the Puritans pleased with King James?
With them, King James' Catholic reign ended. As they were Protestant, the Puritans were pleased because only protestants could be office-holders.
Why Was France Divided Before The Arrival of Cardinal Richelieu?
Who Was Cardinal Richelieu?
How Did Richelieu Reform The French Government?
Why Did Cardinal Richelieu Attack The French Huguenots?
What Was Cardinal Richelieu's Role in The Thirty Years War?
How Did Richelieu Expand The Power of The French Empire?
Conclusion
- Richelieu was one of the greatest figures in Early Modern Europe. He changed France from a feudal society into a modern state. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Absolute Monarchy in France because he managed to curb the power of the French nobility. His foreign policy effectively ended the Hapsburg threat to France and made her one of...