Basic rules for the delineation of drainage areas are as follows:
- Utilize the USGS topographic mapping in the Resource Center in ABE 104.
- A stream or body of water should not be crossed.
- A basin divide will not fall in a drainage swale.
- All ridge lines should be followed.
- When in doubt consult someone with more experience.
How is the drainage area of a river basin measured?
The drainage area for a river basin is measured in a horizontal plane enclosed by the drainage divide outlining the basin. In some cases river basins may have non-contributing sub-basins, or commonly called enclosed basins, where the runoff stays within the basin and not contributing to the larger basin surrounding the enclosed basin.
What is the difference between a drainage basin and watershed?
This map shows one set of watershed boundaries in the continental United States; these are known as National hydrologic units (watersheds). The word "watershed" is sometimes used interchangeably with drainage basin or catchment. Ridges and hills that separate two watersheds are called the drainage divide.
What is the drainage basin of the Columbia River?
Larger drainage basins, like the areas that drains into the Columbia River, contain many smaller drainage basins, often called watersheds. The drainage area for a river basin is measured in a horizontal plane enclosed by the drainage divide outlining the basin.
What are the reporting requirements for drainage areas?
In addition the reporting of drainage areas may or may not include enclosed basins, and the use of the value in basin analysis should consider any diversion or return discharges within the larger basin or to/from the basin itself. In some cases the drainage area will be reported as either "unknown" or "undetermined".
How to chop up watersheds in ArcMap?
How to calculate percentage of upstream area?
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How do you calculate drainage basin?
To do this, we simply multiply across each row. The runoff, Q, for the roof area in drainage Zone A is: (1.00 x 1.5 x 500) / 96.23 = 7.79 gallons per minute. The runoff for the grass portion of drainage Zone A is: (0.35 x 1.5 x 900) / 96.23 = 4.91 gpm.
How do you calculate the area of a basin?
ABSTRACT Since of twentieth century, Schumm (1956) suggested equation known “Elongation Measuring River Basin: R= 2 × L Where R= Elongation Ratio. A = Area of the basin(km2 ). Pi = 3.14. L = Basin length(km).
How do you calculate the area of a watershed?
For example if: 0.5 inches = 1000 feet, then 0.25 inches = 500 feet. The formula for the area of a square is length x length. So, the area of each square = 500 x 500 feet, or 250,000 feet. square, this will give you the total size of the watershed area.
What is a drainage area called?
A watershed is an area of land that drains all the streams and rainfall to a common outlet such as the outflow of a reservoir, mouth of a bay, or any point along a stream channel.
How do you define a drainage basin?
A drainage basin is an area of land where water from rain or snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a river, lake, wetland or ocean. The drainage basin includes both the streams and rivers that convey the water as well as the land surface from which water drains into those channels.
What is drainage basin analysis?
Drainage basin analysis is an essential used to assess and manage both ground and surface water resource. Important characteristics of the drainage basin such as shape, length of tributaries, size, and slope are highly correlated with drainage basin hydrological process (Rastogi and Sharma 1976).
How do you use a grid to calculate watershed area?
To estimate the area of this watershed you could simply count the number of grid squares it contains and multiply by the area of each square.
What is the difference between watershed and drainage basin?
A river drainage basin is an area drained by a river and all of its tributaries. A river basin is made up of many different watersheds. A watershed is a small version of a river basin. Every stream and tributary has its own watershed, which drains to a larger stream or wetland.
What is meant by watershed area?
A watershed is an area of land that drains or “sheds” water into a specific waterbody. Every body of water has a watershed. Watersheds drain rainfall and snowmelt into streams and rivers. These smaller bodies of water flow into larger ones, including lakes, bays, and oceans.
What is another name for drainage basin?
catchment areadrainage basin, also called catchment area, or (in North America) watershed, area from which all precipitation flows to a single stream or set of streams.
What is the area within a drainage basin separating tributaries?
➢ Watershed: The high lying areas that separate different drainage basins. ➢ Interfluves: Spurs that separate different tributaries in a river system.
Is river basin and drainage basin same?
A river drainage basin is an area drained by a river and all of its tributaries. A river basin is made up of many different watersheds. A watershed is a small version of a river basin. Every stream and tributary has its own watershed, which drains to a larger stream or wetland.
What is the formula for area?
Area and Perimeter Formula ChartFiguresArea FormulaVariablesArea of SquareArea = a2a = sides of the squareArea of a TriangleArea = 1/2 b×hb = base h = heightArea of a CircleArea = πr2r = radius of the circleArea of a TrapezoidArea = 1/2 (a + b)ha =base 1 b = base 2 h = vertical height2 more rows•Sep 30, 2020
What is basin size?
[′bās·ən ‚leŋkth] (geology) Length in a straight line from the mouth of a stream to the farthest point on the drainage divide of its basin.
How do you find area with base and height?
The best known and the most straightforward formula, which almost everybody remembers from school, is: area = 0.5 * b * h , where b is the length of the base of the triangle, and h is the height/altitude of the triangle.
How do you calculate cross sectional area?
Cross-sectional area is determined by squaring the radius and then multiplying by 3.14. For example, if a tree is measured as 10” DBH, the radius is 5”. Multiplying 5 by 5 equals 25, which when multiplied by 3.14 equals 78.5. Thus, the cross-sectional area of a 10” DBH tree is 78.5.
Basin Shapes, Watershed Relief, Length to the Centre of Area (Lc) - Ebrary
where L is the watershed length in metres.. Circularity Ratio (Fc) It is the basin shape parameter which can be defined as the ratio of perimeter (kilometre) and area (km 2) of watershed: . where P is the perimeter of watershed and A is the area of watershed.. Elongation Ratio (Re)
How to determine drainage area upstream from point?
I do not know how to come up with the drainage area (km squared) upstream of Lat 77.84, Long -30.96. I have converted my contour shapefile to a raster, identified and filled the sinks and then created a flow direction raster, but after that I am not sure what steps to take.
How to chop up watersheds in ArcMap?
For Q1, if you aren't recalculating the watershed at each contour line, you can use the Split Polygons tool in ArcMap to chop up your watersheds. You need an ArcEditor or ArcInfo license to use it. It will chop the watersheds by the contour lines and retain attributes.
How to calculate percentage of upstream area?
Calculate the percentage of the upstream cells by dividing the pixel value by the watershed area ( = maximum flow accumulation value) and multiply by 100 to derive percentages. If you want to do the calculations on real areas, first multiply the flow accumulation grid by the area of one pixel.
How to draw a drainage area in Stormwater Studio?from learn.hydrologystudio.com
Stormwater Studio allows you to draw custom drainage areas right on your Plan. Simply select any Line and then draw its associated drainage area. You add up to 50 points with simple mouse clicks to describe the boundary or polygon. The software automatically computes the drainage area and inserts it into the Drainage Area input field.
How to add a boundary in Stormwater Studio?from learn.hydrologystudio.com
Move (don’t drag) your mouse to the first point you want to add to this boundary (closed polygon). Click to add a point. Move to the next point and click. Move to next point and click. And so on. Repeat this process until you have formed your entire drainage area. You do not need to return to the first point, Stormwater Studio will automatically close the polygon for you.
Can you add drain areas to a plan?from learn.hydrologystudio.com
Drainage areas can only added while viewing your Plan on the Plan tab. It involves only four steps:
Can you redraw an area and replace it with a new one?from learn.hydrologystudio.com
Rather than attempting to modify existing individual points on an area, it’s easier to just redraw and replace the old with a new one. Simply repeat the steps outlined above, as if you’re creating a new polygon. The program will first ask if you want replace the area.
Can you remove drainage areas?from learn.hydrologystudio.com
Drawn drainage areas can be removed at any time. This option may be useful if the areas become visually overwhelming on your Plan or you just want to use this feature to calculate an area. (Remember, you can turn On/Off the drainage areas by checking and unchecking the Drainage Areas checkbox on the Home tab.)
How Are Catch Basins Used?
Catch basins utilize a grate to collect water and debris like sticks, leaves, and other small items from the street and surrounding area. When a community experiences flooding, catch basins can work wonders for removing excess water and preventing flood damage to homes and businesses nearby.
Advantages and Disadvantages
As with any solution to an environmental issue, there are advantages and disadvantages. Let’s discuss some pros and cons to the catch basin.
Types of Catch Basins
While it may seem like there’s only one type of catch basin, it’s essential to review the two most common types of catch basin for your home or business.
Catch Basin vs. French Drain
Many people confuse catch basins with French drains. However, both have distinctive properties that make them different from each other.
How To Install Catch Basins
When installing a catch basin on a property, it’s essential to plan the project adequately by analyzing the area, consulting engineers, and inspecting the drainage system.
Maintenance Tips
Try to clean your catch basin routinely for continued excess water/debris removal. If the catch basin isn’t cleaned over time, it can produce foul odors and pollutants that may drive guests and customers away.
How to find the drainage basin of a stream?from www3.uma.pt
Follow these steps (fig. 3.7): 1. For a stream’s drainage basin, find the point where the stream enters another body of water (its “base level”). 2. Put a pencil tip at the base level, and then move it, intersecting contour lines at the right angles, to the topographically highest nearby location. 3. Continue in this fashion.
How to determine watersheds?from wateronline.com
Such a map can be used to determine the cumulative effects of land development or land use changes on both water quantity and water quality. After a watershed is delineated, useful determinations can be made that can aid in the land use planning process such as: 1 Visualizing the effects that a future development may have on downstream areas, as well as the influence of additional or existing developments upstream. 2 Measuring the acreage of the watershed to predict soil loss and estimate pre-development and post-development stormwater runoff volumes. 3 Measuring the acreage of proposed projects to estimate pollutant loads. 4 Determining appropriate sites for regional stormwater detention facilities to control peak volume runoff and sedimentation.
What is a Source Water Protection Area?from epa.gov
The first step in completing a source water assessment (SWA) is to delineate (or map) the land area that contributes water to the drinking water supply and where pollution from human activities or natural sources poses the greatest threat to source water quality. This delineated area is often called a source water protection area (SWPA) or zone of concern. The SWPA designates the area within which a water system will conduct a potential contaminant source inventory (Step 2).
What is the purpose of measuring the acreage of a watershed?from wateronline.com
Measuring the acreage of the watershed to predict soil loss and estimate pre-development and post-development stormwater runoff volumes.
What is the primary tool required for stormwater management?from wateronline.com
To begin this process, one of the primary tools required is a map of the watershed.
What is hydrogeologic mapping?from epa.gov
Hydrogeologic Mapping – This approach uses geological and/or geophysical data to map delineation area (s). This method requires a high level of professional expertise and access to geologic data and technical reports, but is suitable in areas with complex geologic formations (e.g., Karst, fractured rock).
How to determine the boundaries of a watershed?from wateronline.com
Watershed Delineation: A common method of locating and delineating the boundaries of watersheds is to use topographic maps following the basic principle that water runs downhill. A topographic map represents the physical features of the land such as hills, valleys, basins, ridges, and channels. The mapping technique used is based on elevation datum (usually mean sea level) and contour intervals commonly of ten feet.
What are drainage basins?
The list of drainage basins by area identifies basins (also known as "catchments" or, in North American usage, "watersheds"), sorted by area, which drain to oceans, mediterranean seas, rivers, lakes and other water bodies. All basins larger than 400,000 km 2 (150,000 sq mi) are included as well as selected smaller basins. It includes drainage basins which do not flow to the ocean ( endorheic basins ). It includes oceanic sea drainage basins which have hydrologically coherent areas (oceanic seas are set by IHO convention ).
How much land does the ocean drain?
The oceans drain approximately 83% of the land in the world. The other 17% – an area larger than the basin of the Arctic Ocean – drains to internal endorheic basins. Note that there are substantial areas of the world that do not "drain" in the commonly understood sense. In Arctic deserts much of the snowfall sublimates directly into ...
Which direction does the bottom layer of the Yellow River flow?
Depending on the salinity of the sea, the upper layer may either flow into or out from the ocean; the bottom layer will flow the opposite direction. ^ Estimates for the Yellow River basin range from ca. 752,000 km2 (Chinese, English, French, German etc. wikipedia articles, none sourced) to 944,970 km2.
What is a drainage basin?
A drainage basin is an area of land where precipitation flows to a common outlet, such as a river or lake. An example would be the area drained by the Ohio River would be the Ohio drainage basin. In a drainage basin or watershed, all the precipitation that falls will eventually feed into a single river.
How does a drainage basin work?
The drainage basin acts like a funnel - collecting all the water within the area covered by the basin and channeling it into a waterway. Each drainage basin is separated topographically from adjacent basins by a ridge, hill or mountain, which is known as a water divide or a watershed.
What is an area drained by a river and its tributaries called?
An area drained by a river and its tributaries is called a drainage basin.
How much slope should I use for a drainage pipe?
If solids are involved like as in sewage pipe. Water “flow” as in a “flush” assists the drainage, you want more slope on a smooth surface generally 1 to 2 inches over 3 to 4 feet is what I use, sometimes it is difficult to get that over a longer run. Get what you can over that ratio, but do not go under it. some depends on space like in a crawl space or basement, if it is a longer run, make sure the pipe is supported every few feet to hold it
Why are rivers superimposed on the lower formation?
Most of the rivers of Deccan trap region of Peninsular India are superimposed because new drainage was evolved on the new surface formed due to cooling and solidification of lavas erupted during late Cretaceous and early Tertiary periods and these rivers are superimposed on the lower formation after removal of lava covers.
Where is the Subernarekha river?
Example: The Subernarekha river is superimposed on Dalma and Phyllite hills to the west of Chandil in the Southeastern Chhota Nagpur plateau region of Jharkhand.
What is the name of the area where water is collected from a river?
A river drains the water collected from a specific area, which is called its ‘catchment area’.
How to chop up watersheds in ArcMap?
For Q1, if you aren't recalculating the watershed at each contour line, you can use the Split Polygons tool in ArcMap to chop up your watersheds. You need an ArcEditor or ArcInfo license to use it. It will chop the watersheds by the contour lines and retain attributes.
How to calculate percentage of upstream area?
Calculate the percentage of the upstream cells by dividing the pixel value by the watershed area ( = maximum flow accumulation value) and multiply by 100 to derive percentages. If you want to do the calculations on real areas, first multiply the flow accumulation grid by the area of one pixel.
