Sevoflurane is a general anesthetic drug that is used during surgery to prevent pain. Like all general anesthetics, it is given only by prescription and by a doctor who specializes in anesthesia. Sevoflurane is inhaled and works by depressing the nervous system, causing you to lose consciousness.
What are the side effects of sevoflurane?
- The concentration of inhaled anesthetic
- Partition coefficients (blood:gas, brain:blood, tissue:blood, oil:gas)
- Patient’s minute ventilation
- Patient’s pulmonary blood flow
What is sevoflurane used for in surgery?
What are some things I need to know or do while I take Sevoflurane?
- Tell all of your health care providers that you take sevoflurane. ...
- Avoid driving and doing other tasks or actions that call for you to be alert until the effects of sevoflurane wear off and you feel fully awake.
- Talk with your doctor before you drink alcohol or use other drugs and natural products that slow your actions.
What is sevoflurane inhalation anesthetic?
Substances
- Anesthetics, Inhalation
- Ethers
- Methyl Ethers
- Sevoflurane
- Desflurane
- Isoflurane
Is local anesthesia better than general anesthesia?
These features make local anesthesia a safer option. As these side effects are less severe than those of general anesthesia, it was the safer choice for your dentist to use local anesthesia instead of general anesthesia during your procedure.
When was sevoflurane first used?
Who discovered sevoflurane?
What is the name of the ether used for inhalational anesthesia?
Is sevoflurane as soluble as isoflurane?
Is sevoflurane a volatile anesthetic?
Is sevoflurane an allosteric modulator?
Is sevoflurane a halothane?
See more
About this website
What is the mechanism of action for sevoflurane?
Sevoflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Sevoflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane.
What happens when you inhale sevoflurane?
Inhaled sevoflurane is used to cause general anesthesia (loss of consciousness) before and during surgery. It belongs to the group of medicines known as general anesthetics.
How fast does sevoflurane work?
The time for the concentration in the alveoli to reach 50% of the inspired concentration was 4-8 minutes for isoflurane and approximately 1 minute for sevoflurane.
How does inhalation anesthetic work?
Inhaled anesthetics work to depress neurotransmission of excitatory paths involving acetylcholine (muscarinic and nicotinic receptors), glutamate (NMDA receptors), and serotonin (5-HT receptors) within the central nervous system (CNS) and augment inhibitory signals including chloride channels (GABA receptors) and ...
Why does sevoflurane cause agitation?
Sevoflurane binds to GABAA receptor, benzodiazepine-like midazolam prevents emergence agitation and also binds to α and γ subunit of GABAA receptor, and alternative splicing of γ2 subunit is different based on the age of the patient.
How long does it take for sevoflurane to wear off?
The duration of anesthesia was not different between groups and averaged 114.3 min and 119.0 min for sevoflurane and isoflurane, respectively.
Why is sevoflurane preferred?
Conclusion: Sevoflurane is a preferred anaesthetic agent for induction and maintenance of paediatric anaesthesia because of its rapid induction and recovery characteristics, lack of pungency and agreeable odour, and acceptable cardiovascular profile.
What is the fastest anesthesia?
Sevoflurane is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset.
Does sevoflurane increase blood pressure?
Increasing concentrations of sevoflurane progressively decrease blood pressure and this decrease appears similar to isoflurane and desflurane. Sevoflurane is a less potent coronary vasodilator than isoflurane in rodents and it has not been associated with coronary steal in a dog model.
What gas do they use to put you to sleep for surgery?
Overview. One of the principal goals of general anesthesia is to prevent patients from feeling pain during surgery. Halogenated anesthetics, such as sevoflurane and desflurane, are typically administered in combination with nitrous oxide to produce surgical levels of anesthesia.
Does sevoflurane provide analgesia?
Sevoflurane is a volatile anesthetic that provides hypnosis, amnesia, analgesia, akinesia, and autonomic blockade during surgical and procedural interventions. This activity describes the mode of action of sevoflurane and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in the safe administration of anesthesia.
What is the most potent inhaled anesthetic?
Isoflurane is the most potent of the volatile anesthetics in clinical use, desflurane is the least soluble, and sevoflurane is the least irritating to the airways.
Sevoflurane or Isoflurane: Which One to Use and Why - VIN
Sevoflurane and isoflurane are both from the halogenated ether group of inhalational anaesthetic agents and both agents are indicated for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia.
Sevoflurane Side Effects: Common, Severe, Long Term - Drugs.com
Sevoflurane Side Effects. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Dec 17, 2021. Consumer; Professional; In Summary. More frequently reported side effects include: tachycardia. See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects.
how does sevoflurane work? Archives - The anesthesia consultant
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Sevoflurane: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com
Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 17 June 2022), Cerner Multum™ (updated 3 June 2022), ASHP (updated 16 May ...
Sevoflurane: Introduction and Overview : Anesthesia & Analgesia
2. Wallin RF, Regan BM, Napoli, MD, Stern IJ. Sevoflurane: a new inhalational anesthetic agent. Anesth Analg 1975;54:758-5.
When was sevoflurane first used?
It was introduced into clinical practice initially in Japan in 1990 by Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan. The rights for sevoflurane worldwide were held by AbbVie. It is now available as a generic drug . Sevoflurane is an inhaled anaesthetic that is often used to put children asleep for surgery.
Who discovered sevoflurane?
Sevoflurane was discovered by Ross Terrell and independently by Bernard M Regan. A detailed report of its development and properties appeared in 1975 in a paper authored by Richard Wallin, Bernard Regan, Martha Napoli and Ivan Stern.
What is the name of the ether used for inhalational anesthesia?
Sevoflurane. Sevoflurane is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset .
Is sevoflurane as soluble as isoflurane?
While sevoflurane is only half as soluble as isoflurane in blood, the tissue blood partition coefficients of isoflurane and sevoflurane are quite similar.
Is sevoflurane a volatile anesthetic?
After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset . While its offset may be faster than agents other than desflurane in a few circumstances, its offset is more often similar to that of the much older agent isoflurane. While sevoflurane is only half as soluble as isoflurane in blood, the tissue blood partition coefficients of isoflurane and sevoflurane are quite similar. For example, in the muscle group: isoflurane 2.62 vs. sevoflurane 2.57. In the fat group: isoflurane 52 vs. sevoflurane 50. As a result, the longer the case, the more similar will be the emergence times for sevoflurane and isoflurane.
Is sevoflurane an allosteric modulator?
The exact mechanism of the action of general anaesthetics has not been delineated. Sevoflurane acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA A receptor in electrophysiology studies of neurons and recombinant receptors. However, it also acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist, potentiates glycine receptor currents, and inhibits nAChR and 5-HT 3 receptor currents.
Is sevoflurane a halothane?
Together with desflurane, sevoflurane is replacing isoflu rane and halothane in modern anesthesia practice. It is often administered in a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen. Sevoflurane has an excellent safety record, but is under review for potential hepatotoxicity, and may accelerate Alzheimer's.
What are the physical characteristics of sevoflurane?
As with isoflurane, halothane, and enflurane, the physical characteristics of sevoflurane permit the use of conventional vaporizers. This is due to its high boiling point and low vapor pressure. Another desirable characteristic of sevoflurane is faster induction and awakening compared with all other anesthetics except desflurane. Awakening time is approximately half that of isoflurane for comparable surgical procedures [5]. Earlier recovery with sevoflurane permits rapid patient assessment and improved potential for discharge from the operating room and postanesthesia care unit. As demonstrated by a cost analysis model developed by Duke University, the comparable maintenance drug cost was similar for isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane for surgeries lasting up to 1 h. In this cost analysis, it was noted that total anesthetic drug cost continues to be a very small component in the total overall surgical costs. Several factors may be responsible for comparable cost between isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane. Although the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentrations for both sevoflurane and desflurane are greater than that for isoflurane (i.e., lower potency), the low solubility of new anesthetics reduces anesthetic consumption such that cost does not increase to the degree one might assume based on potency alone. For example, the rate at which the ratio of delivered anesthetic concentration and the alveolar concentration approach a value of 1.0 is four-fold more rapid with sevoflurane than with isoflurane for a given fresh gas flow rate of 2 L/min. This property of sevoflurane provides greater anesthetic control and also reduces its required rate of consumption. To attempt to achieve greater rapidity and control with isoflurane, the anesthesiologist must increase fresh gas flow and/or greatly increase the delivered concentration, both of which increase anesthetic use and cost.
Who funded the printing of Sevoflurane?
The printing of this supplement has been funded by Abbott Laboratories as part of their educational program for new products. None of the authors have received a grant for writing the manuscripts. Some of the authors attended a round Table discussionon sevoflurane for which they received an honorarium.
Is sevoflurane metabolized by renal enzymes?
Sevoflurane is not a substrate for, and is not metabolized by, renal enzymes. Thus, intrarenally generated fluoride, rather than hepatically generated fluoride (causing higher plasma levels), may be the mechanism responsible for the high-output failure seen after anesthesia with anesthetics such as methoxyflurane [12].
What is the induction of anesthesia?
In the ambulatory setting, induction of anesthesia usually involves the administration of a rapid, short-acting intravenous anesthetic (e.g., thiopental, methohexital, propofol). Although this practice is widely accepted, the use of thiopental is often associated with postoperative sedation and drowsiness (so-called "hangover" feeling), methohexital causes excitatory side effects, and the shorter-acting anesthetic propofol often causes pain on injection and varying degrees of cardiovascular depression. In order to provide for a rapid and smooth induction of anesthesia, an inhaled anesthetic with a low blood:gas solubility coefficient and lacking airway irritation is required so that high inspired concentrations can be administered without inducing coughing, breathholding, excessive salivation, or laryngospasm.
Is sevoflurane safe for outpatients?
Sevoflurane appears to have several properties that make it an attractive alternative to the currently available anesthetics for outpatient anesthesia. The relative low solubility of sevoflurane, as well as an impressive lack of airway irritation, makes it a very useful anesthetic for inhalation induction of anesthesia. This feature is likely to make sevoflurane a popular choice for pediatric outpatient anesthesia. For adult outpatients, the relatively low solubility of sevoflurane permits rapid alterations in alveolar concentration during the maintenance period (even when administered at relatively low flow rates of 2-3 L/min), thereby improving control of the depth of anesthesia. Low solubility should also allow for a more predicable emergence from anesthesia (versus isoflurane), thereby facilitating patient turnover in a busy ambulatory surgery center.
What class of anesthesiologist received propofol?
Patients were American Society of Anesthesiologists class I or II and received propofol for induction of anesthesia. Patient age and case duration of anesthesia did not differ between propofol and sevoflurane groups ( Table 1 ). The end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was 1.4% ( [tilde operator] 0.7 MAC); the average rate of infusion of propofol for maintenance of anesthesia was 75 [micro sign]g [middle dot] kg -1 [middle dot] min -1. There were no obvious outliers in the sevoflurane-versus-propofol database for tracheal extubation times or times to discharge from recovery room, such as there were in the isoflurane-versus-sevoflurane database. There were no statistical differences between sevoflurane and propofol for the recovery endpoints ( Table 2) or for nausea and vomiting ( Table 3 ).
Does sevoflurane cause faster recovery?
Sevoflurane has a lower blood:gas partition coefficient than isoflurane, which may cause a more rapid recovery from anesthesia; it also might cause faster emergence times than for propofol-based anesthesia.
When was sevoflurane first used?
It was introduced into clinical practice initially in Japan in 1990 by Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan. The rights for sevoflurane worldwide were held by AbbVie. It is now available as a generic drug . Sevoflurane is an inhaled anaesthetic that is often used to put children asleep for surgery.
Who discovered sevoflurane?
Sevoflurane was discovered by Ross Terrell and independently by Bernard M Regan. A detailed report of its development and properties appeared in 1975 in a paper authored by Richard Wallin, Bernard Regan, Martha Napoli and Ivan Stern.
What is the name of the ether used for inhalational anesthesia?
Sevoflurane. Sevoflurane is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset .
Is sevoflurane as soluble as isoflurane?
While sevoflurane is only half as soluble as isoflurane in blood, the tissue blood partition coefficients of isoflurane and sevoflurane are quite similar.
Is sevoflurane a volatile anesthetic?
After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset . While its offset may be faster than agents other than desflurane in a few circumstances, its offset is more often similar to that of the much older agent isoflurane. While sevoflurane is only half as soluble as isoflurane in blood, the tissue blood partition coefficients of isoflurane and sevoflurane are quite similar. For example, in the muscle group: isoflurane 2.62 vs. sevoflurane 2.57. In the fat group: isoflurane 52 vs. sevoflurane 50. As a result, the longer the case, the more similar will be the emergence times for sevoflurane and isoflurane.
Is sevoflurane an allosteric modulator?
The exact mechanism of the action of general anaesthetics has not been delineated. Sevoflurane acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA A receptor in electrophysiology studies of neurons and recombinant receptors. However, it also acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist, potentiates glycine receptor currents, and inhibits nAChR and 5-HT 3 receptor currents.
Is sevoflurane a halothane?
Together with desflurane, sevoflurane is replacing isoflu rane and halothane in modern anesthesia practice. It is often administered in a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen. Sevoflurane has an excellent safety record, but is under review for potential hepatotoxicity, and may accelerate Alzheimer's.
Overview
Adverse effects
Studies examining a current significant health concern, anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity (including with sevoflurane, and especially with children and infants) are "fraught with confounders, and many are underpowered statistically", and so are argued to need "further data... to either support or refute the potential connection".
Concern regarding the safety of anaesthesia is especially acute with regard to children and infan…
Medical uses
It is one of the most commonly used volatile anesthetic agents, particularly for outpatient anesthesia, across all ages, as well as in veterinary medicine. Together with desflurane, sevoflurane is replacing isoflurane and halothane in modern anesthesia practice. It is often administered in a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen.
Sevoflurane has an excellent safety record, but is under review for potential hepatotoxicity, and …
Pharmacology
The exact mechanism of the action of general anaesthetics has not been delineated. Sevoflurane acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor in electrophysiology studies of neurons and recombinant receptors. However, it also acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist, potentiates glycine receptor currents, and inhibits nAChR and 5-HT3 receptor currents.
Global-warming potential
Sevoflurane is a greenhouse gas. The twenty-year global-warming potential, GWP(20), for desflurane is 349.
Further reading
• Patel SS, Goa KL (April 1996). "Sevoflurane. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and its clinical use in general anaesthesia". Drugs. 51 (4): 658–700. doi:10.2165/00003495-199651040-00009. PMID 8706599. Archived from the original on 2011-10-08. Retrieved 2010-05-29. Haria M, Bryson HM, Goa KL, Patel SS (August 1996). "Erratum". Drugs. 52 (2): 253. doi:10.1007/bf03257493.
External links
• "Propofol and Sevoflurane Anesthesia".