What was the result of the 1948 election?
The 1948 United States presidential election was the 41st quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 2, 1948. In one of the greatest election upsets in American history, incumbent President Harry S. Truman, the Democratic nominee, defeated Republican Governor Thomas E. Dewey.
What was the result of the 1945 presidential election?
In one of the greatest election upsets in American history, incumbent President Harry S. Truman, the Democratic nominee, defeated Republican Governor Thomas E. Dewey. Truman had ascended to the presidency in April 1945 after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Who did John Dewey defeat at the 1948 Republican National Convention?
Dewey, who was the leader of his party's liberal eastern wing and had been the 1944 Republican presidential nominee, defeated Senator Robert A. Taft and other challengers at the 1948 Republican National Convention .
How did Harry Truman become president in 1948?
Truman had ascended to the presidency in April 1945 after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Defeating attempts to drop him from the ticket, Truman won the presidential nomination at the 1948 Democratic National Convention.
What factors contributed to the postwar Red Scare and what were its ramifications for civil liberties in the United States?
The causes of the Red Scare included:World War I, which led many to embrace strong nationalistic and anti-immigrant sympathies;The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, which led many to fear that immigrants, particularly from Russia, southern Europe, and eastern Europe, intended to overthrow the United States government;More items...
How was Kennedy's approach to the Cold War different from Eisenhower's quizlet?
Kennedy had a neutralized and flexible response to the Cold War; Truman supported containment, and Eisenhower supported massive retaliation and brickmanship.
What primary factors caused the Cold War?
Historians have identified several causes that led to the outbreak of the Cold War, including: tensions between the two nations at the end of World War II, the ideological conflict between both the United States and the Soviet Union, the emergence of nuclear weapons, and the fear of communism in the United States.
What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan quizlet Chapter 25?
Submitted in December 1947, this was a plan proposed by George Marshall to help the nations of Europe revive their economies and strengthen democratic govts. It outlined $17 billion dollars for distribution to 16 European countries over a four year period.
What was Kennedy's flexible response defense policy and how did it differ from Eisenhower's policy?
Solution. Kennedy's flexible response was different than Eisenhower's approach to the cold war because Kennedy didn't want to rely on nuclear weapons as much as Eisenhower did. Kennedy wanted to rely much more heavily on troop buildup and conventional weapons of war.
What concerns about the Cold War does Kennedy express in his speech quizlet?
Kennedy argued that during the Eisenhower years America had lost ground in the Cold War struggle against communism. He pointed to the new communist regime under Fidel Castro in Cuba and charged that there was now a "missile gap" that left the U.S. nuclear missile force inferior to that of the Soviet Union.
Who was more to blame for the Cold War?
“The Cold War was caused by the Soviet Union , was sustained by the Soviet Union , and was ended by the Soviet Union when it collapsed,” he said emphatically.
Who was at fault for the Cold War?
the Soviet UnionThe United States and the Soviet Union both contributed to the rise of the Cold War. They were ideological nation-states with incompatible and mutually exclusive ideologies. The founding purpose of the Soviet Union was global domination, and it actively sought the destruction of the United States and its allies.
What were the factors responsible for the end of cold war class 9?
Three events heralded the end of the Cold War: the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the reunification of Germany in 1990 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
What primary factors led to the growth of the American economy after World War II?
Driven by growing consumer demand, as well as the continuing expansion of the military-industrial complex as the Cold War ramped up, the United States reached new heights of prosperity in the years after World War II.
What objectives guided US foreign policy in the postcolonial world during the Cold War?
The goal of U.S. Foreign Policy was simple: Containment of the spread of communism, and thereby the influence of the U.S.S.R. , by supporting governments or rebel groups that opposed communism.
What event threatened the flow of Middle Eastern oil to Europe?
Egyptian president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, nationalized the Suez Canal. The Suez Canal crisis threatened flow of Middle Eastern oil to Europe.
What was the Supreme Court's decision in 1951?
1951, The Supreme Court upheld the conviction clearing the way for prosecution of other communist leaders. the administration charged eleven top communists with violating the Smith Act of 1940, which made it a crime to conspire to "advocate and teach" the violent overthrow of government.
What was the 1955 treaty that pushed for a large build up of the U.S. military?
The 1955 treaty binding the Soviet Union and countries of eastern Europe in an alliance against the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NSC-68. A document that pushed for a large build up of the U.S military. It allowed the U.S to quickly build up its military for the Korean conflict.
What was the mission of the Soviet Union in 1955?
Year-long mission of flying food and supplies to blockaded West Berliners, whom the Soviet Union cut off from access to the West in the first major crisis of the Cold War. The 1955 treaty binding the Soviet Union and countries of eastern Europe in an alliance against the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
Which president warned that the fall of a noncommunist gov to communism in southeast Asia would trigger the?
Domino Theory. president eisenhowers theory of containment , which warned that the fall of a noncommunist gov to communism in southeast asia would trigger the spread of communism to neighboring countries. Ho Chi Minh.
Who was the Cuban revolutionary who overthrew the Batista dictatorship in 1958 and assumed control of the island?
Fidel Castro. Cuban revolutionary who overthrew Batista dictatorship in 1958 and assumed control of the island country. His connections with the Soviet Union led to a cessation of diplomatic relations with the United States in such internationl affairs as the Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Who was the leader of the Nationalist Party in China?
He declared the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life. Jiang Jieshi. Chinese general and politician; leader of the Nationalist Party in China and led attacks against Communists in China in the 1920s.
Who was the leader of the Chinese Communist Party during the Cold War?
"strive for victory" in cold war, pressed for offensive and a gross increase ($37 bil) in defense spending, determined US foreign policy for the next 20-30 years. Mao Zedong. This man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death.
How many people could the Great Hall hold?
The structure could accommodate 12,000 people. Packed to the rafters on a steamy July day, heated by blazing television lights and possessing no effective cooling system, the great hall was like an enormous sauna. The Democrats' keynote speaker was Senator Alben Barkley of Kentucky.
How many electoral votes did Thurmond win?
In the meantime, Thurmond, winning four states and 39 electoral votes, had fired a telling shot across the Democrats' bow. Dixiecrat insurgents in Congress returned to their seats in 1949 with no penalty from their Democratic colleagues. Party leaders, North and South, understood the danger of a spreading revolt.
What party avoided race baiting?
The States' Rights Party avoided outright race baiting, but everyone understood that it was motivated by more than abstract constitutional principles. Truman was slated to deliver his acceptance speech at 10 p.m. on July 14 but arrived to find the gathering hopelessly behind schedule.
What was Truman's campaigning that culminated in a feel-good victory of a little guy over?
Truman's tireless campaigning that fall culminated in a feel-good victory of a little guy over an organization man . It especially seemed to revitalize the liberals, for whom the platform fight in Philadelphia became a legendary turning point.
How many people could fit in the Convention Hall?
The structure could accommodate 12,000 people. Packed to the rafters on a steamy July day, heated by blazing television lights and possessing no effective cooling system, the great hall was like an enormous sauna.
What was the main carrier of live television in the United States?
The city was at the center point of the Boston to Richmond coaxial cable, then the main carrier of live television in the United States. By 1948, as many as ten million people from Boston to Richmond could watch the tumultuous process by which the major parties selected their candidates.
Who committed the Democrats to civil rights?
Truman committed the Democrats to civil rights. After the party splintered, Strom Thurmond ran as the candidate of the States’ Rights Party. Bettmann/ Corbis
Who was the Republican candidate for governor in 1948?
The "surprise" candidate of 1948 was Stassen , a liberal from Minnesota. In 1938, Stassen had been elected governor of Minnesota at the age of 31; he resigned as governor in 1943 to serve in the wartime Navy. In 1945 he served on the committee that created the United Nations. Stassen was widely regarded as the most liberal of the Republican candidates, yet during the primaries he was criticized for being vague on many issues. Stassen stunned Dewey and MacArthur in the Wisconsin primary; Stassen 's surprise victory virtually eliminated General MacArthur, whose supporters had made a major effort on his behalf. Stassen defeated Dewey again in the Nebraska primary, thus making him the new frontrunner. He then made the strategic mistake of trying to beat Taft in Ohio, Taft's home state. Stassen believed that if he could defeat Taft in his home state, Taft would be forced to quit the race and most of Taft's delegates would support him instead of Dewey. Taft defeated Stassen in his native Ohio, and Stassen earned the hostility of the party's conservatives. Even so, Stassen was still leading Dewey in the polls for the upcoming Oregon primary. Dewey, however, realized that losing another primary would end his chances at the nomination, and he decided to make an all-out effort in Oregon.
How many electoral votes did Truman get?
Defying these predictions, Truman won the election with 303 electoral votes to Dewey's 189. Truman also won 49.6% of the popular vote compared to Dewey's 45.1%, while the third party candidacies of Thurmond and Wallace each won less than 3% of the popular vote, with Thurmond carrying four southern states.
Why did Dewey lose the election?
But this was too little to give him the election. Dewey would always believe that he lost the election because he lost the rural vote in the Midwest, which he had won in 1944 (note the Kaltenborn predictions that Truman would joyously mock had taken for granted that the "country vote" would go to Dewey).
What was the debate between Dewey and Stassen?
Dewey also agreed to debate Stassen in Oregon on national radio. Held on May 17, 1948, it was the first-ever radio debate between presidential candidates. The sole issue of the debate concerned whether to outlaw the Communist Party of the United States. Stassen, despite his liberal reputation, argued in favor of outlawing the party, stating his belief that a network of Soviet-directed Communist spies "within the U.S. demanded immediate, and punitive, response...Why did Dewey oppose such a ban? Stassen wanted to know." "We must not coddle Communism with legality", Stassen insisted. Dewey - while criticizing Communist totalitarianism and Soviet actions in the Cold War - still forcefully argued against banning the Communist Party: "This outlawing idea is nothing new...for thousands of years despots have tortured, imprisoned, killed, and exiled their opponents, and their governments have always fallen into the dust." Dewey ended his turn in the debate by stating that "I am unalterably, wholeheartedly, and unswervingly against any scheme to write laws outlawing people because of their religious, political, social, or economic ideas. I am against it because it is a violation of the Constitution of the United States and the Bill of Rights...I am against it because I know from a great many years of experience in law enforcement that the proposal wouldn't work. Stripped to its naked essentials...this is nothing but the method of Hitler and Stalin. It is thought control...an attempt to beat down ideas with a club. It is a surrender of everything we believe in." Surveys showed that from 40 to 80 million people nationwide listened to the debate, and most observers rated Dewey as the winner. Four days after the debate, Dewey defeated Stassen in the Oregon primary. From this point forward, the New York governor had the momentum he needed to win his party's second nomination.
What was the goal of the Dixiecrats?
More commonly known as the "Dixiecrats", the party's main goal was continuing the policy of racial segregation in the South and the Jim Crow laws that sustained it. Governor Thurmond, who had led the walkout, became the party's presidential nominee after the convention's initial favorite, Arkansas Governor Benjamin Laney, withdrew his name from consideration. Governor Wright of Mississippi received the vice-presidential nomination. The Dixiecrats had no chance of winning the election themselves, since they could not get on the ballot in enough states to win the necessary electoral votes. Their strategy was to take enough Southern states from Truman to force the election into the United States House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment, where they could then extract concessions from either Truman or Dewey on racial issues in exchange for their support. Even if Dewey won the election outright, the Dixiecrats hoped that their defection would show that the Democratic Party needed Southern support in order to win national elections, and that this fact would weaken the pro-civil rights movement among Northern and Western Democrats. The Dixiecrats were weakened, however, when most Southern Democratic leaders (such as Governor Herman Talmadge of Georgia and "Boss" E. H. Crump from Tennessee) refused to support the party. Despite being an incumbent president, Truman was not placed on the ballot in Alabama.
Which states did Truman win?
Aside from Ohio, California, and Illinois, Truman carried Idaho by almost as narrow a margin, and Dewey himself countered with similarly narrow victories in New York (the nation's largest electoral prize at the time), his birth state of Michigan, and Maryland. But this was too little to give him the election.
How many votes did Wallace Taylor get?
The Wallace-Taylor ticket finished in fourth place in the election, winning 1,157,328 votes (2.4%). This was slightly less than the States' Rights Party, but the Progressive Party received no electoral votes.