What are two examples of intraspecific competition?
Intraspecific competition is a type of competition that occurs between members of the same species. Examples include fighting for food and mates or competing in sports to win prizes. Interspecific competition is a type of competition that occurs between two different species; An example would be an animal eating another animal’s prey.
What are some examples of interspecific competition?
What are the types of interspecific interactions quizlet?
- Competition. Competition amongst different species for a limited resource (-,-)
- Mutualism. Both species benefit from the interaction. …
- Predation. When the predator kills the prey (+,-)
- Herbivory. An animal consumes a plant.
- Parasitism. A parasite feeds off of a host (+,-)
- Commensalism.
What intraspecific competition and its affect on a population?
Intraspecific competition is a pervasive phenomenon with important ecological and evolutionary consequences, yet its effect in natural populations remains controversial. Although numerous studies suggest that in many cases populations across all organisms are limited by density-dependent processes, this conclusion often relies on correlative data.
Does intraspecific competition promote variation?
Introduction. A common assumption shared by current models of adaptive divergence and adaptive radiation is that increasing intraspecific competition should promote population‐level niche expansion and variation among its constituent individuals (Schluter 2000; Yoder et al. 2010; Nosil 2012).According to this paradigm, increasing consumer density is expected to reduce the availability of ...
What is intraspecific and interspecific competition?
The competition between species for shared resources such as space, food, and nesting locations is referred to as Interspecific competition. Intras...
What is an example of an interspecific competition?
Woodpeckers and squirrels frequently compete for nesting sights in the same holes in trees, whereas African savanna lions and cheetahs struggle for...
What is an example of competitive exclusion?
A competition between two bird species over a period of time, one of them gradually disappears which describes competitive exclusion. Other example...
Why does competitive exclusion happen?
Competitive exclusion is a consequence of interspecific exclusion as when two individuals of different species compete for food or nesting site for...
Table of Contents
In ecology, the battle between two species for the same resources in an ecosystem is referred to as ecological competition. Food, water, and shelter are examples of resources that are necessary for survival and reproduction in the environment. Members of the same species may compete for mates as well.
Competitive Exclusion
Competitive exclusion is defined as two species that cannot persist in the same ecological habitat for an extended period without being pushed out due to competition for limited resources. So, the principle of competitive exclusion is two species cannot occupy the same place for a long time.
Types of Competition Ecology
Competition is most commonly characterized as the interaction of individuals competing for a limited supply of a common resource. Species may compete directly or indirectly for limited resources. The consequence is frequently detrimental to the weaker competitors.
Niche Differentiation
Niche means the certain favorable habitat where certain species live. In ecology, niche differentiation (also known as niche segregation) is the process by which competing species exploit their environment differently in order to coexist. By inhabiting various physical areas, they avoid competition.
Abstract
Intraspecific and interspecific competition can be important factors affecting anuran tadpoles in temporary pools. We focus on two co-occurring anuran species that are of conservation concern in Israel and may negatively interact: Bufotes viridis (Laurenti, 1768) and Hyla savignyi (Audouin, 1829).
Introduction
Amphibian decline is a well-known issue, widely reviewed, and explored (Alford & Richards, 1999; Houlahan et al., 2000; McCallum, 2007; Hayes et al., 2010; Monastersky, 2014 ).
Methods
A replicated outdoor mesocosm experiment, using a replacement design, was conducted at the Haifa University campus (~460 m above sea level, +32°45′35.17″, +35°1′17.32″). The mesocosms (pools) were dark green plastic tubs (length × width × depth: 45 × 55 × 20 cm; 40 L capacity) initially filled with 20 L of rain water in mid-January 2013.
Results
Bufotes viridis mass at metamorphosis did not statistically differ between density treatments (ANOVA: P = 0.19; Table 2; Fig. 1 a), nor was it correlated to temperature (regression: F 1,13 = 1.94, P = 0.187, R 2 = 0.13; Fig. 1 b). Time to metamorphosis was not affected by density (ANCOVA: P = 0.687; Table 2; Fig.
Discussion
Anurans in temporary pools develop in unpredictable environments, and many studies have shown that increased intraspecific density causes time to metamorphosis to be longer, mass at metamorphosis to be smaller, and growth rate to be slower (reviewed in Wells, 2010 ).
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Anna Gershberg Hayoon and Ronen Shapir for logistical help, Lital Sharvit for fruitful discussion and two anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments.
Author information
Community Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 31498838, Haifa, Israel
