Isotopes of bismuth (Bi) occurring within the radioactive disintegration chains of actinium, radium and thorium were known as:
- radium E : 210 Bi
- actinium C : 211 Bi
- thorium C : 212 Bi
- radium C : 214 Bi
How many isotopes does bismuth have?
How many isotopes does bismuth have? Bismuth (83Bi) has 41 known isotopes, ranging from 184Bi to 224Bi. Bismuth has no stable isotopes, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the standard atomic weight can be given as 208.98040 (1).
What state of matter is bismuth typically at room temperature?
Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83. Classified as a post-transition metal, Bismuth is a solid at room temperature. Contents
What isotopes are used in atomic bombs?
Science Behind the Atom Bomb
- Fission. The isotopes uranium-235 and plutonium-239 were selected by the atomic scientists because they readily undergo fission.
- Criticality. In order to detonate an atomic weapon, you need a critical mass of fissionable material. ...
- The Difference Between the Bombs. ...
What is the atomic structure of bismuth?
Element 83 of Periodic table is Bismuth with atomic number 83, atomic weight 208.98038. Bismuth, symbol Bi, has a Base Centered Monoclinic structure and Gray color. Bismuth is a post-transition metal element. Trivial name of Bismuth is pentels, pnictogens*.
What is the most common isotope of bismuth?
Just the factsPhase at room temperature: solid.Melting point: 520.53 degrees Fahrenheit (271.4 degrees Celsius)Boiling point: 1,564 F (2,847 C)Number of natural isotopes (atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons): 1.Most common isotope: Bi-209.More items...•
What is special about the isotope bismuth-209?
Bismuth-209 (209Bi) is the isotope of bismuth with the longest known half-life of any radioisotope that undergoes α-decay (alpha decay). It has 83 protons and a magic number of 126 neutrons, and an atomic mass of 208.9803987 amu (atomic mass units). Primordial bismuth consists entirely of this isotope.
Is bismuth 83 stable?
It is stable in oxygen and water and dissolves in concentrated nitric acid. It is the most naturally diamagnetic of all the elements.
What are the two most common isotopes of beryllium?
Beryllium has but a single isotope, beryllium-9 which is not radioactive but beryllium-10, which cosmic rays produce in the upper atmosphere, is radioactive with a half-life of 1.5 million years.
What is the most common use of bismuth?
Main uses of Bismuth Bismuth finds its main uses in pharmaceuticals, atomic fire alarms and sprinkler systems, solders and other alloys and pigments for cosmetics, glass and ceramics. It is also used as a catalyst in rubber production.
Is bismuth 214 stable?
Bismuth-214 (214BI) is unstable with a half-life of 5 days and decays into polonium-214 (21P0), which has a half-life of 138 days.
How many bismuth isotopes are there?
Bismuth (83Bi) has 41 known isotopes, ranging from 184Bi to 224Bi. Bismuth has no stable isotopes, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the standard atomic weight can be given as 208.98040(1).
Is bismuth a rare metal?
Naturally-occurring bismuth metal (known as native bismuth) is rare in nature, and does not occur in large enough quantities to be mined as a source of bismuth. More often it combines with other elements to form minerals such as bismithunite (bismuth sulfide, Bi2S3) and bismite (bismuth oxide, Bi2O3).
Is bismuth poisonous?
Bismuth metal is not considered toxic and poses minimum threat to the environment. Bismuth compounds generally have very low solubility but they should be handled with care, as there is only limited information on their effects and fate in the environment.
What is the most common isotope of zinc?
64ZnZinc has five stable isotopes - 64Zn, 66Zn, 67Zn, 68Zn, and 70Zn - with respective average natural abundances of 48.6, 27.9, 4.1, 18.8, and 0.6%. As the isotopes 64 and 66 are the most abundant, the ratio of 66Zn/64Zn expressed as the δ66Zn value is calculated using these two isotopes.
What is the most common isotope of boron?
B-11Most common isotopes: B-10 (natural abundance 19.9 percent) and B-11 (natural abundance 80.1 percent)
What is the most common isotope of beryllium?
The only naturally occurring isotope is the stable beryllium-9, although 11 other synthetic isotopes are known.
What is the half-life of bismuth?
about 20,000,000,000,000,000,000 yearsBut although bismuth is no longer the paragon of stability, it's no flake either. The researchers found that the element has what may be the longest half-life of any isotope: about 20,000,000,000,000,000,000 years.
What element is atomic number 83?
BismuthBismuth - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table.
What is the melting point of bismuth?
520.5°F (271.4°C)Bismuth / Melting point
What is the net charge of bismuth?
+3Bismuth(3+) is a bismuth cation having a net electric charge of +3. Bismuth cation is a Bismuth.
When was Mason in multinuclear NMR?
J. Mason in Multinuclear NMR, Plenum Press, New York, USA, 1987. Where given, data for certain radioactive nuclei are from this reference.
Does Bismuth 83Bi support audio?
Bismuth - 83Bi Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element.
How is bismuth-213 produced?
Commercially the radioactive isotope bismuth-213 can be produced by bombarding radiumwith bremsstrahlungphotons from a linear particle accelerator. In 1997 an antibody conjugate with Bi-213, which has a 45-minute half-life, and decays with the emission of an alpha-particle, was used to treat patients with leukemia. This isotope has also been tried in cancer treatment, e.g. in the Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT) program.[1] Bismuth-213 is also found on the decay chain of uranium-233.
Is bismuth a stable isotope?
Bismuth(Bi) has no stableisotope, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the relative atomic masscan be given as 208.9803987(16). Although bismuth-209is now known to be unstable, it has classically been considered to be a "stable" isotope because it has a half-lifeof over 1.9×1019years, which is more than a billion (1000 million) times the age of the universe. Besides 209Bi, the most stable bismuth radioisotopesare 210mBi with a half-life of 3.04 million years, 208Bi with a half-life of 368,000 years and 207Bi, with a half-life of 32.9 years, none of which occur in nature. All other isotopes have half-lives under 1 year, most under a day. Of naturally occurring radioisotopes, the most stable is radiogenic210Bi with a half-life of 5.012 days.
Where is bismuth found?
Naturally occurring bismuth is found in small quantities throughout Earth's crust both as a pure metal and combined with other elements in various compounds. The largest source of bismuth is found in the mineral bismuthinite, or bismuth sulfide (Bi 2 S 3 ), according to John Emsley in his book, " Nature’s Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements " (Oxford University Press, 1999). Bismuth is typically obtained as a by-product in refining lead, copper, tin, silver, and gold ores found in Bolivia, Peru, Japan, Mexico, and Canada.
Which society weighs in about bismuth?
The Royal Society of Chemistry also weighs in about bismuth.
What is bismuth used for?
Bismuth is a brittle, crystalline, white metal with a slight pink tinge. It has a variety of uses, including cosmetics, alloys, fire extinguishers and ammunition. It is probably best known as the main ingredient in stomach ache remedies such as Pepto-Bismol. Bismuth, element 83 on the periodic table of elements, is a post-transition metal, ...
How long does bismuth last?
However, in 2003, researchers at the Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale in Orsay, France, found that bismuth does decay into thallium, but it has an extremely long half-life: about 20 billion billion years (That's 20 followed by 18 zeroes).
What happens to bismuth when it freezes?
When liquid bismuth freezes, it expands rather than contracts because it forms a crystalline structure similar to water. Four other elements expand when they freeze: silicon, gallium, antimony and germanium, according to Chemicool. Bismuth crystals are easy to make at home.
Why is bismuth confused with lead?
Though bismuth had been known as early as 1400, it was frequently confused with lead because it was similarly a heavy metal with a low melting point, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry. French chemist Claude Geoffroy the Younger was the first to prove that bismuth was distinct from lead in 1753.
What is the most diamagnetic metal?
Properties of bismuth. Compared to other metals, bismuth is the most diamagnetic; that is, it resists being magnetized and is repelled by a magnetic field, according to Chemicool. It also has low electric conductivity and the greatest electrical resistance when placed in a magnetic field, a trait called the Hall effect.
What is the most common isotope of bismuth?
Bismuth occurs in 2 natural isotopes: 209 Bi and 210 Bi. Both are very slightly radioactive. 209 Bi is the most common isotope, having a natural abundance of approximately 100%. 210 Bi occurs only in traces.
How many protons are in bismuth?
Bismuth is a chemical element with atomic number 83 which means there are 83 protons in its nucleus. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10-19 coulombs.
How many electrons are in a neutral atom of Bismuth?
Therefore, the number of electrons in neutral atom of Bismuth is 83. Each electron is influenced by the electric fields produced by the positive nuclear charge and the other (Z – 1) negative electrons in the atom.
What is bismuth oxide used for?
Bismuth oxide is used as a yellow pigment for cosmetics and paints. Bismuth alloys are used in soldering, thermocouple materials and magnetic memory devices. Compounds of bismuth are used in lubricating greases, thermoelectric materials, infrared spectrometers. Bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) is sometimes used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
What is the color of bismuth?
Bismuth is a brittle metal with a silvery white color when freshly produced, but surface oxidation can give it a pink tinge. Bismuth is a pentavalent post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, chemically resembles its lighter homologs arsenic and antimony.
What is the mass number of a stable isotope?
Mass numbers of typical isotopes of Bismuth are 209 .
What is the mass of a proton?
It has a positive electric charge (+1e) and a rest mass equal to 1.67262 × 10 −27 kg ( 938.272 MeV/c 2 ) — marginally lighter than that of the neutron but nearly 1836 times greater than that of the electron. The proton has a mean square radius of about 0.87 × 10 −15 m, or 0.87 fm, and it is a spin – ½ fermion.
