What are the economic advantages of low-input farming? Low-input farms often have lower total yields than their conventional neighbors, but because they have lower costs for fuel, water, fertilizer, and pesticides, they may have a higher net yield.
What is Low input farming?
Low Input Farming Systems (LIFS) seek to optimise the management and use of internal production inputs (i.e., on-farm resources) and to minimise the use of production inputs (i.e., off-farm resources), such as purchased fertilisers and pesticides, wherever and whenever feasible and practicable, to lower production ...
What is integrated farming What are the advantages of integrated farming over ordinary farming?
An integrated farming system is a resource management strategy to achieve economic and sustained agricultural production which aims at preserving environmental quality and to meet many requirements of farm households. Some of the benefits of IFS are: IFS improves soil fertility and health.
Which types of inputs are used in sustainable agriculture?
The most important factors for a farming site are climate, soil, nutrients and water resources. Of the four, water and soil conservation are the most amenable to human intervention.
What is the principle of Leisa farming?
The principle behind LEISA is that poor farmers, lacking capital and access to credit, need methods with which they can improve yields and income without expensive inputs and without degrading the resource base on which they depend.
What is integrated farming system advantages and disadvantages?
The amount of waste is minimized. In such a setting, there is little decaying waste and pollution in comparison to other production methods. There is no need for excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pest control agents, so the water, soil and air remain clean.
What are the benefits of advantages of integrated farming system?
The scientists found that using integrated techniques such as crop rotation, organic fertilizers, cover crops, and very little pesticide application would use less energy and produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions per unit of production than either organic or conventional farms.
What is the importance of farm inputs?
These agricultural inputs range from improved seeds, fertilizers and crop protection chemicals to machinery, irrigation and knowledge. Seeds are critical to successful crop production and inevitably, farm productivity and profitability. Fertilizer supplies nutrients to the soil that are essential for growth.
What is low external input sustainable agriculture?
Definition 2: Low-External-Input and Sustainable Agriculture (LEISA) is agriculture which makes optimal use of locally available natural and human resources (such as soil, water, vegetation, local plants and animals, and human labour, knowledge and skill) and which is economically feasible, ecologically sound, ...
What are the inputs required for farming?
Input supply can be usefully subdivided into three types of services: Fertilizers and chemicals. Seeds and planting materials. Machinery and equipment.
What is Heisa and Leisa?
Page 1. Lecture :- HIGH EXTERNAL IPUT SUSTAINABLE AGICULTURE (HEISA) AND. LOW EXTERNAL IPUT SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (LEISA)
What is low input sustainable agriculture Lisa?
LISA involves farmers substituting management, scientific information, and on- farm resources for some of the purchased inputs they currently depend on for their farming enterprises.
What do you mean by Leisa farming approach explain with suitable examples?
Low-Input Agriculture The LEISA concept seeks to optimize the use of locally available resources by maximizing the complementary and synergistic effects of different components of the farming systems. External inputs are used in a complementary way. Although, the term low-input fanning .
What is integrated farming explain?
Integrated farming is a form of agriculture aimed at minimizing the use of inputs from outside the farm by implementing a variety of production enterprises, long and diversified crop rotations, crop residue or animal excreta restitution to the soil.
What is integrated farming in agriculture?
Mixed farming systems or integrated farming produce both crops and animals on one farm. This farming system permits wider crop rotations and thus reduces dependence on chemicals, allowing diversification for better risk management.
What is integrated farming class 7?
integrated farming is type of sustainable farming. The main objective of integrated farming is cost minimization and profit maximization. It can be achieved by combining all the farm components like dairy, Fishery, crop land etc.
What is integrating farming system?
Integrated Farming System (IFS) is an interdependent, interrelated often interlocking production systems based on few crops, animals and related subsidiary enterprises in such a way that maximize the utilization of nutrients of each system and minimize the negative effect of these enterprises on environment.
How does agriculture affect the economy?
Agriculture is one of the building blocks of the national economy in developing countries. Rising food production rates play a significant role in the growth of a country's Gross Domestic Production (GDP). Food production rate is dependent on applied fertilizers and pesticides in the country. Various parameters like food security, climate change, soil-health and water availability directly impact food production and agriculture growth. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the adverse conditions of agriculture to enhance food production for expanding world population in a sustainable manner.
Why is agriculture important in developing countries?
Agriculture is one of the building blocks of the national economy in developing countries. Rising food production rates play a significant role in the growth of a country's Gross Domestic Production (GDP). Food production rate is dependent on applied fertilizers and pesticides in the country. Various parameters like food security, climate change, soil-health and water availability directly impact food production and agriculture growth. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the adverse conditions of agriculture to enhance food production for expanding world population in a sustainable manner.
How to increase agroecosystem sustainability?
Optimum design of crop rotation is the most common way to exploit species agrobiodiversity to increase agroecosystem sustainability. The benefits of crop rotation are manifold and well known ( Karlen et al., 1994 ). In the context of low-input and organic agriculture, functional traits of component crops in the rotation as well as their functional interactions are particularly important because they are expected to surrogate (part of) external inputs while maintaining adequate levels of crop production and related agroecosystem functions. In temperate organic arable cropping systems, increasing species agrobiodiversity through the introduction of winter cover crops (green manures) is an important tool to increase agroecosystem functioning and hence sustainability. In a long-term experiment, Mazzoncini et al. (2010) compared organic and conventional management of a five-year arable crop rotation where the organic cropping system included a red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) green manure crop not included in the conventional system. Five years after the onset of the experiment the organic system already showed higher soil carbon sequestration (+22%) and potentially mineralizable C (+9%) than the conventional system. In contrast, mites/collembolans ratio was nearly double in the conventional system, likely a consequence of more frequent soil tillage disturbance (mechanical weed control) in the organic system. These findings suggest that although higher species agrobiodiversity in crop rotations has the potential to improve the soil fertility function in a relatively short period of time, some of the accompanying management practices can partially overcome the gained benefits. A current major challenge in organic farming research is to try to optimize cropping systems functionality and sustainability by combining cover crops with conservation tillage techniques (including no-till) without jeopardizing crop yield ( Peigné et al., 2007 ).
How does nanotechnology affect agriculture?
Some of the rising issues are: (1) Food security for population increases, (2) reduced production on cultivable land, (3) low agriculture input efficiency , (4) large uncultivable land, (5) low shelf life of food products, (6) post-harvest losses of food products, and (7) increasing pest attacks and plant diseases ( Bhagat, Gangadhara, Rabinal, Chaudhari, & Ugale, 2015 ). Subsequently, soil fertility is constantly decreasing by unjustifiable use of chemicals. Only a small portion of these chemical agri inputs are used by plants and the rest are unused chemicals that negatively impact on the ecosystem. The unused chemical fertilizers and pesticides are leached into the soil or runaway with water to water bodies and generate chemical pollution to untargeted organisms. The application of nanotechnology in agriculture minimizes the cost of fertilizers and pesticides by advancing these tools. Employment of nanotechnology based techniques improves the smart characteristics in the agri-inputs as targeted delivery, controlled release, increasing solubility and long shelf-life. These characteristics not only make them more efficient but also reduce the risk of environmental contamination ( McKee & Filser, 2016; Mishra, Singh, Keswani, & Singh, 2014; Sodano & Verneau, 2014 ). Such smart nanomaterials increase agriculture production in a sustainable manner. Various metal, metal oxide, polymer based nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, engineered nanomaterials, and nanoformulations with active ingredient based nanofertilizers and nanopesticides showed their potential in sustainable agriculture production ( Al-Othman et al., 2014; Fraceto et al., 2016; Khadri, Alzohairy, Janardhan, Kumar, & Narasimha, 2013; Morsy, Khalaf, Sharoba, El-Tanahi, & Cutter, 2014; Parizi et al., 2014 ). Further, Green synthesis of nanomaterials increased the potential of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials in agriculture by reducing toxicity and increasing stability. On the other hand, the use of nanosensors in pest and soil condition detection also improved conventional agriculture to smart agriculture systems.
How does transport affect the ecosystem?
At the ecosystem interface, the use of local plants and animals can reduce emissions, decrease hazards of invasions and introductions, and mitigate the biodiversity crisis. Transport infrastructure has an enormous impact on ecosystem fragmentation. Hence, the smaller the production-consumption circles, the smaller the impacts of fragmentation ( Gehring & Swihart, 2003 ). Other issues include the spread of disease and the effects of invasive species on global agriculture activity, compared with local food production, which is less likely to involve both topics.
Can saffron grow in Iran?
Other saffron -growing countries often argue that they cannot compete in the world market with the saffron produced with low-cost manual labor-intensive farming systems like those in Khorasan, Iran. Technical advances in the future that reduce production costs and expand the saffron production area through more intensive inputs or to move to more fertile soils with better soil conditions may not benefit small saffron farmers in Southern Khorasan. To be able to compete in the future, saffron farmers should be focused on producing saffron organically (using manure buffer power) in Khorasan and taking advantage of their unique climate and environment of optimum temperature that enables saffron production with fewer fungal infections, insects, and weeds.
Is saffron a low input crop?
Nowadays, saffron is cultivated in a wide range of environments under mild-to-dry climate conditions. It has an interesting part in low-input agricultural systems and as an alternative crop. In addition, saffron is a very convenient crop for organic and low input agriculture in view of its cultivation demands (no irrigation, chemical fertilization, or chemical weed treatments are requested in some cultivation surroundings). The yield of saffron may vary from 2 to 30 kg per ha, which depends on many factors (agronomic, biological, and environmental) ( Gresta, Lombardo, Siracusa, & Ruberto, 2008 ). On the other hand, the specific climatic conditions for growing and skilled labor for the harvesting of flowers are increasing the price of saffron spice ( Azarabadi & Özdemir, 2018 ).
