Kulintang (Indonesian: kolintang, Malay: kulintangan) is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums.
What is a kulintang instrument?
Kulintang ( Indonesian: kolintang, Malay: kulintangan ) is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums.
How many gongs are in a kulintang?
The main melodic instrument, called the kulintang, consists of eight knobbed bronze gongs that are graduated in pitch. It sits on a wooden stand called an antangan.
How do you play the kulintang?
The kulintang is played by striking the bosses of the gongs with two wooden beaters. When playing the kulintang, the Maguindanao and Maranao would always sit on chairs while for the Tausug/Suluk and other groups that who play the kulintangan, they would commonly sit on the floor.
What is Maguindanao kulintang ensemble?
The Maguindanao kulintang ensemble is a musical ensemble in the kulintang tradition of the Maranao and the Maguindanao. Other forms of the kulintang ensembles are played in parts of Southeast Asia especially in the eastern parts of Maritime Southeast Asia — the Southern Philippines, Eastern Indonesia, Eastern Malaysia, Brunei and Timor.
What are the instruments used in kulintang?
The composition of this ensemble varies depending on different traditions, being for instance the Maguindanaon kulintang ensemble composed by five instruments: kulintang, agong (pair of heavy hanging gongs), dabakan (goblet-shaped drum), gandingan (four suspended gongs) and babandir (small metallic gong) (Danongan ...
What are the instruments of the kulintang ensemble and their functions?
Kulintang (Indonesian: kolintang, Malay: kulintangan) is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums.
What is the main instrument in a kulintang ensemble?
bronze gongsThe main melodic instrument, called the kulintang, consists of eight knobbed bronze gongs that are graduated in pitch. It sits on a wooden stand called an antangan. Each gong is supported by thin cords attached to the antangan, to allow the sound to resonate.
What are the characteristics of kulintang music?
Southeast Asian music …the more-developed ensemble is the kulintang, which, in its most common form, consists of seven or eight gongs in a row as melody instruments accompanied by three other gong types (a wide-rimmed pair; two narrow-rimmed pairs; one with turned-in rim) and a cylindrical drum.
What is the bass gong in a kulintang ensemble?
The agung is a set of two wide-rimmed, vertically suspended gongs used by the Maguindanao, Maranao, Sama-Bajau and Tausug people of the Philippines as a supportive instrument in kulintang ensembles.
How do you play kulintang instrument?
1:384:01How To Play The Kulintang Using Numbers | Music of MindanaoYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipHand each box represents one beat. The numbers represent the gongs of the kulintan. Number one isMoreHand each box represents one beat. The numbers represent the gongs of the kulintan. Number one is for the largest pot gong or the one with the lowest pitch. While eight is for the smallest. Or the
What are the 5 Rondalla instruments?
It is one of five instruments that comprise the rondalla, a musical ensemble of string instruments—the bandurria, the octavina, the laud, the guitar, and the bass.
What ensemble is made of bamboo instruments *?
Traditional Philippine banda kawayan (bamboo bands) use a variety of bamboo musical instruments, including the marimba, angklung, panpipes and bumbong, as well as bamboo versions of western instruments, such as clarinets, saxophones, and tubas.
What are the 5 Rondalla instruments?
It is one of five instruments that comprise the rondalla, a musical ensemble of string instruments—the bandurria, the octavina, the laud, the guitar, and the bass.
Which of the following is the main role of the kulintang in symbol?
The kulintang plays the melody of the piece. It is usually composed of 8 small embossed graduated gongs laid into a wooden frame.
Which is the example of bamboo ensemble?
The list of musical bamboo instruments is indeed very long and include xylophones, rainsticks, marimbas, angklung, castanets, drum sticks, zithers, slit drums, chimes, maracas, guitars, ukuleles, violins, Chapman sticks, pan flutes, didgeridoos, pipe organs, saxophones, clarinets, kazoos, whistles, trumpets, and ...
What is the classification of the musical instrument kudyapi?
boat-luteThe kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine two-stringed, fretted boat-lute.
How many gongs are in a kulintang?
The instrument called the “kulintang” (or its other derivative terms) consist of a row/set of 5 to 9 graduated pot gongs, horizontally laid upon a frame arranged in order of pitch with the lowest gong found on the players’ left.
Who is the master of kulintang music?
Philippine kulintang music has had a revival of sorts due to the work of Philippine-born, U.S.-educated musicians/ethnomusicologists Master Danongan "Danny" Kalanduyan and Usopay Cadar , as well as their predecessor Professor José Maceda. Through the work of Professor Robert Garfias, both Cadar and Kalanduyan began teaching and performing traditional kulintang music in the United States during the late 20th century; quite unexpectedly, the music became a bridge between contemporary Filipino American culture and ancient Philippine tribal traditions.
How are Kulintang gongs made?
Tongkol process using a hammer to tune the gongs. Kulintang gongs are made using the cire perdue method, a lost-wax process used for casting the individual gongs. The first phase is the creation of wax molds of the gongs.
What is a kulintang frame?
The kulintang frame is known as an "antangan" by the Maguindanao ( which means to “arrange”) and "langkonga" by the Maranao. The frame can be crude, made from simple bamboo/wooden poles, or it can be highly decorated and rich with traditional okil/okir motifs or arabesque designs. The frame is a necessary part of the instrument, and functions as a resonator.
What is the highest form of gong music in the Philippines?
Maranao agong. Kulintang music is considered an ancient tradition that predates the influences of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and the West. In the Philippines, it represents the highest form of gong music attained by Filipinos and in North Maluku, it is said to have existed for centuries.
What is the name of the ancient music composed of gongs?
Ambonese. Buginese. Acehnese. v. t. e. Kulintang ( Tagalog: kulintang Indonesian: kolintang, Malay: kulintangan ) is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums.
Why is the Kulintang repertoire not fixed?
Kulintang. The kulintang repertoire has no fixed labels because the music itself is not considered a fixed entity. Due to the fact it is orally transmitted, the repertoire itself is considered something always in a state of flux due to two primary reasons. First, standardized titles weren't considered a priority.
How many gongs are there in Kulintang?
Kulintang is a set of gongs horizontally laid in a row. In its more common form, it consists of seven or eight gongs diminishing in size.
What is the song Kulintronica mixes with?
Kulintronica fuses the melodies of kulintang with electro house. In the song “Through the Breeze Of Coconut Trees,” he mixes kulintang with reggae vibes. It’s the perfect song if you want to be transported to the beaches of the Philippines and imagine you’re surrounded by soft, white sand and the bluest of waters. On Kulintronica’s YouTube bio, he advises listeners to add his music to their playlists if they need a tune to dance and decolonize to.
Is Kulintang an Islamic instrument?
Although kulintang is closely associated with parts of the Philippines that are Muslim, it’s not an Islamic instrument. The music was already on the archipelago before the religion reached the area.
Where are the Kulintang instruments played?
Other forms of the kulintang ensembles are played in parts of Southeast Asia especially in the eastern parts of Maritime Southeast Asia — the Southern Philippines, Eastern Indonesia, Eastern Malaysia, Brunei and Timor. There are mainly five instruments on the ensemble: Kulintang, Agung, Gandingan, Babendil and Dabakan .
What is the Maguindanao Kulintang Ensemble?
Jump to navigation Jump to search. The Maguindanao kulintang ensemble is a musical ensemble in the kulintang tradition of the Maranao and the Maguindanao.
Overview
Kulintang (Indonesian: kolintang, Malay: kulintangan ) is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums. As part of the larger gong-chime culture of Southeast Asia, kulintang music ensembles have been playing for many centuries in regions of the Eastern Indonesia, Southern Philippines, Eastern Malaysia, Brunei and Timor, Kulinta…
Geographic extent
Kulintang belongs to the larger unit/stratum of “knobbed gong-chime culture” prevalent in Southeast Asia. It is considered one of the region's three major gong ensembles, alongside the gamelan of western Indonesia and piphat of Thailand, Burma, Cambodia and Laos, which use gongs and not wind or string instruments to carry the melodic part of the ensemble. Like the other two, kulintang music is primarily orchestral with several rhythmic parts orderly stacked one upon anot…
History
Kulintang music is considered an ancient tradition that predates the influences of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and the West. In the Philippines, it represents the highest form of gong music attained by Filipinos and in North Maluku, it is said to have existed for centuries.
As ancient as this music is, there has never been substantial data recorded regarding the kulintang's origins. The earliest historical accounts of instruments resembling those of the prese…
Instrument
The instrument called the “kulintang” (or its other derivative terms) consist of a row/set of 5 to 9 graduated pot gongs, horizontally laid upon a frame arranged in order of pitch with the lowest gong found on the players’ left. The gongs are laid in the instrument face side up atop two cords/strings running parallel to the entire length of the frame, with bamboo/wooden sticks/bars resting perpendicular across the frame, creating an entire kulintang set called a "pasangan".
Performance
The main purpose for kulintang music in the community is to function as social entertainment at a professional, folk level. This music is unique in that it is considered a public music in the sense everyone is allowed to participate. Not only do the players play, but audience members are also expected to participate. These performances are important in that they bring people in the community and adjacent regions together, helping unify communities that otherwise may not ha…
Social functions
Kulintang music generally could be found as the social entertainment at a host of different occasions. It is used during large feasts, festive/harvest gatherings, for entertainment of visiting friends and relatives, and at parades. Kulintang music also accompanies ceremonies marking significant life events, such as weddings and returnees from the Hajj. Kulintang music also plays a significant role during state functions, used during official celebrations, entertaining of foreign di…
Compositions
Kulintang music has no set compositions due to its concept of rhythmic modes. A rhythmic mode (or designation or genre or pattern) is defined as a musical unit that binds together the entire five instrument ensemble. By adding together the various rhythms of each instrument, one could create music and by changing one of the rhythms, one could create different music. This is the basis of the rhythmic mode.
Gallery
• Two dancers and a group of musicians of Kulintang in Buru Regency, Maluku, Indonesia. between 1900 and 1940
• Group portrait of Ambonese with musical instrument of Kulintang in Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia. between 1900 and 1940
• Sama-Bajau musicians at the Philippine Reservation of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904)