What are some interesting properties that oxygen contains?
The Physical Properties of Oxygen are as follows:
- Color : Colorless.
- Phase : Gas.
- Odor : Oxygen is an odorless gas.
- Taste : A tasteless gas.
- Conductivity : A poor conductor of heat and electricity.
- Solubility : Slightly soluble in water, alcohol and some other common liquids.
- Density : It is denser than air.
What are three important uses of oxygen?
What are some important uses of oxygen?
- Industries and Hospitals. In industry, the raw material used to obtain oxygen gas is atmospheric air. ...
- Applications. Oxygen is used mainly in the metal-mechanical industries as combustion of torches for welding and cutting of iron and steel materials; Is also used in the production of synthesis ...
- Biological Action. ...
What are some characteristics and uses of oxygen?
Oxygen is a colorless, odorless gas. Liquid Oxygen has a light blue color and is odorless. It is used for resuscitation, in welding and blast furnaces, as an oxidizer, and in many industrial processes. REASON FOR CITATION * Oxygen is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is cited by DOT and NFPA. * Definitions are provided on page 5.
What are some important uses of oxygen?
• Oxygen is also used at plants that treat sewage or purify water. Oxygen is pumped through water to increase the production of natural bacteria, which break down waste products. • Oxygen as a gas is required to produce energy in industrial processes, generators and ships and it is also used in airplanes and cars.
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What are the uses of oxygen?
How much oxygen is in freshwater?
How is oxygen gas produced?
How do paleoclimatologists measure oxygen 18?
What is the main component of life?
How does photosynthesis release oxygen?
What is the energy that is released in combustion?
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About this website
What are the 3 properties of oxygen?
The key properties of oxygen are listed below: It is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas. It readily dissolves in cold water.
What is the properties and uses of oxygen?
Oxygen is a highly reactive element, highly paramagnetic, and is easily capable of combining with other elements. One of oxygen's most important chemical properties is that it supports combustion. Oxygen also combines with elements at room temperature, for example, the formation of rust.
What are 5 common uses of oxygen?
Common uses of oxygen include production of steel, plastics and textiles, brazing, welding and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, oxygen therapy, and life support systems in aircraft, submarines, spaceflight and diving.
Which is a physical property of oxygen quizlet?
A physical property of oxygen is that it is a gas at room temperature. A chemical property of oxygen is that it reacts with iron to form rust.
What are 5 interesting facts about oxygen?
Here are 10 interesting facts about the element oxygen.Animals and plants require oxygen for respiration. ... Oxygen gas is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. ... Liquid and solid oxygen is pale blue. ... Oxygen is a nonmetal. ... Oxygen gas normally is the divalent molecule O2. ... Oxygen supports combustion.More items...•
Can you drink liquid oxygen?
0:493:07What Would Happen If You Drank Liquid Oxygen? - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipThe liquid oxygen has also been used in medicine as a clean oxygen source for patients though theirMoreThe liquid oxygen has also been used in medicine as a clean oxygen source for patients though their breathing the oxygen as it warms.
How do you explain oxygen to a child?
The air you breathe contains a life-giving gas called oxygen. Oxygen helps your cells get their energy from food. They would die within minutes if you stopped breathing. Air is all around you, but you can't see, smell, or taste it.
What is oxygen Short answer?
Oxygen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas essential to living organisms, being taken up by animals, which convert it to carbon dioxide; plants, in turn, utilize carbon dioxide as a source of carbon and return the oxygen to the atmosphere.
Oxygen | O2 - PubChem
Oxygen | O2 | CID 977 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards ...
Oxygen - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table
The credit for discovering oxygen is now shared by three chemists: an Englishman, a Swede, and a Frenchman. Joseph Priestley was the first to publish an account of oxygen, having made it in 1774 by focussing sunlight on to mercuric oxide (HgO), and collecting the gas which came off.
Article objectives
This article aims to show a variety of properties related to the element oxygen.
Introduction
Oxygen is one of the most common and useful elements in the world, particularly because a good portion of what humans breathe is oxygen. It is the 8th periodic element with a molar mass of 16.00 grams, and it typically has six valence electrons. Since oxygen has an atomic number of 8, a neutrally charged oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 electrons.
Bonding Pairs
As stated before, oxygen has six valence electrons. A full octet, a stable configuration, has eight valence electrons, so to get those extra valence electrons, oxygen atoms typically form two bonds when bonding covalently. This is also the reason why oxygen tens to form − 2 ions.
Common Compounds with Oxygen
Many common compounds with oxygen atoms are molecules that have common interactions with humans in everyday life.
Combustion Reactions
Combustion reactions are chemical reactions that involve heating a substance with elemental oxygen, so elemental oxygen is a reactant in every combustion reaction. Some examples of combustion reactions are shown.
What are the uses of oxygen?
Common uses of oxygen include production of steel, plastics and textiles, brazing, welding and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, oxygen therapy, and life support systems in aircraft, submarines, spaceflight and diving .
How much oxygen is in freshwater?
At 25 °C and 1 standard atmosphere (101.3 kPa) of air, freshwater contains about 6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter, and seawater contains about 4.95 mL per liter. At 5 °C the solubility increases to 9.0 mL (50% more than at 25 °C) per liter for water and 7.2 mL (45% more) per liter for sea water.
How is oxygen gas produced?
Oxygen gas can also be produced through electrolysis of water into molecular oxygen and hydrogen. DC electricity must be used: if AC is used, the gases in each limb consist of hydrogen and oxygen in the explosive ratio 2:1. A similar method is the electrocatalytic O. 2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids.
How do paleoclimatologists measure oxygen 18?
Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine the climate millions of years ago (see oxygen isotope ratio cycle ). Seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16, evaporate at a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18, and this disparity increases at lower temperatures. During periods of lower global temperatures, snow and rain from that evaporated water tends to be higher in oxygen-16, and the seawater left behind tends to be higher in oxygen-18. Marine organisms then incorporate more oxygen-18 into their skeletons and shells than they would in a warmer climate. Paleoclimatologists also directly measure this ratio in the water molecules of ice core samples as old as hundreds of thousands of years.
What is the main component of life?
Most of the mass of living organisms is oxygen as a component of water, the major constituent of lifeforms. Oxygen is continuously replenished in Earth's atmosphere by photosynthesis, which uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water and carbon dioxide.
How does photosynthesis release oxygen?
Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, while respiration, decay, and combustion remove it from the atmosphere. In the present equilibrium, production and consumption occur at the same rate. Free oxygen also occurs in solution in the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O.
What is the energy that is released in combustion?
Dioxygen provides the energy released in combustion and aerobic cellular respiration, and many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain oxygen atoms, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, as do the major constituent inorganic compounds of animal shells, teeth, and bone.
What is oxygen in the periodic table?
Oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table. It is an essential element in the most of the combustion processes. It is one of the most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust.
What are the three isotopes of oxygen?
Other Important Information. O-16, O-17, and O-18 are the three naturally occurring stable isotopes of Oxygen. Oxygen is characterized by a paramagnetic property.
What is oxygen chamber?
It is used in the production and manufacturing of glass and stone products, and in mining. Special oxygen chambers are used in case of high pressure to increase the partial pressure of oxygen around the patient. The primary applications of oxygen include melting, refining, and manufacture of steel along with other metals.
Is oxygen a gas?
The gas is colourless, odourless and insipid in a normal state. Liquid oxygen is slightly paramagnetic. It is reactive and forms oxides with every element except helium, neon, krypton, and argon. It is moderately soluble in water. Dioxygen is one of the common allotropes of oxygen.
What is the boiling point of a substance?
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which this phase change (boiling or vaporization) occurs. The temperature at which vaporization (boiling) starts to occur for a given pressure is also known as the saturation temperature and at this conditions a mixture of vapor and liquid can exist together. The liquid can be said to be saturated with thermal energy. Any addition of thermal energy results in a phase transition. At the boiling point the two phases of a substance, liquid and vapor, have identical free energies and therefore are equally likely to exist. Below the boiling point, the liquid is the more stable state of the two, whereas above the gaseous form is preferred. The pressure at which vaporization (boiling) starts to occur for a given temperature is called the saturation pressure. When considered as the temperature of the reverse change from vapor to liquid, it is referred to as the condensation point.
What is the density of a substance?
Since the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance, it is obvious, the density of a substance strongly depends on its atomic mass and also on the atomic number density (N; atoms/cm 3 ),
What is the periodic table?
The periodic table is a tabular display of the chemical elements organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations, and chemical properties. The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. Knowledge of the electron configuration of different atoms is useful in understanding the structure of the periodic table of elements.
What is the symbol for electronegativity?
Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards this atom. For this purposes, a dimensionless quantity the Pauling scale, symbol χ, is the most commonly used.
How does density affect the density of a material?
Most materials expand when their temperatures increase. Rising temperatures make the liquid expand in a liquid-in-tube thermometer and bend bimetallic strips. As a result of this expansion, the density of most materials decreases. This effect is caused by a decrease in the atomic number density. This dependence is usually expressed by the coefficient of linear or volume expansion.
How many oxidation states are there?
Oxidation states are typically represented by integers which may be positive, zero, or negative. Most elements have more than one possible oxidation state. For example, carbon has nine possible integer oxidation states from −4 to +4.
How are atoms determined?
The chemical properties of the atom are determined by the number of protons, in fact, by number and arrangement of electrons. The configuration of these electrons follows from the principles of quantum mechanics. The number of electrons in each element’s electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior. In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z.
What is oxygen in the periodic table?
oxygen (O), nonmetallic chemical element of Group 16 (VIa, or the oxygen group) of the periodic table. Oxygen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas essential to living organisms, being taken up by animals, which convert it to carbon dioxide; plants, in turn, utilize carbon dioxide as a source of carbon and return the oxygen to ...
Why is oxygen in the atmosphere?
Almost all the free oxygen in the atmosphere is due to photosynthesis. About 3 parts of oxygen by volume dissolve in 100 parts of fresh water at 20 °C (68 °F), slightly less in seawater. Dissolved oxygen is essential for the respiration of fish and other marine life.
How many allotropic forms does oxygen have?
Allotropy. Oxygen has two allotropic forms, diatomic (O 2) and triatomic (O 3, ozone). The properties of the diatomic form suggest that six electrons bond the atoms and two electrons remain unpaired, accounting for the paramagnetism of oxygen. The three atoms in the ozone molecule do not lie along a straight line.
How is oxygen prepared?
Commercial production and use. When required in tonnage quantities, oxygen is prepared by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Of the main components of air, oxygen has the highest boiling point and therefore is less volatile than nitrogen and argon.
How do plants get oxygen?
During respiration, animals and some bacteria take oxygen from the atmosphere and return to it carbon dioxide, whereas by photosynthesis, green plants assimilate carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight and evolve free oxygen. Almost all the free oxygen in the atmosphere is due to photosynthesis.
How does oxygen form compounds?
Oxygen forms compounds by reaction with practically any other element, as well as by reactions that displace elements from their combinations with each other; in many cases, these processes are accompanied by the evolution of heat and light and in such cases are called combustions. Its most important compound is water.
What is the purpose of ozone?
Commercially, ozone has been used as a chemical reagent, as a disinfectant, in sewage treatment, water purification, and bleaching textiles.
What is the atomic symbol of oxygen?
Oxygen is used in the production of synthesis gas from coal, for resuscitation and as an inhalant. CAMEO Chemicals. Oxygen is an element with atomic symbol O , atomic number 8, and atomic weight 16. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) Oxygen is an element displayed by the symbol O, and atomic number 8.
What is medical grade oxygen?
Oxygen is supplied as a compressed gas in steel cylinders, and a purity of 99% is referred to as "medical grade." Most hospitals have oxygen piped from insulated liquid oxygen containers to areas of frequent use. For safety, oxygen cylinders and piping are color-coded (green in the United States), and some form of mechanical indexing of valve connections is used to prevent the connection of other gases to oxygen systems. Oxygen concentrators, which employ molecular sieve, membrane, or electrochemical technologies, are available for low-flow home use. Such systems produce 30% to 95% oxygen, depending on th flow rate.
What is oxygen therapy?
Oxygen therapy in clinical settings is used across diverse specialties, including various types of anoxia, hypoxia or dyspnea and any other disease states and conditions that reduce the efficiency of gas exchange and oxygen consumption such as respiratory illnesses, trauma, poisonings and drug overdoses. Oxygen therapy tries to achieve hyperoxia to reduce the extent of hypoxia-induced tissue damage and malfunction.
When fire involves liq oxygen and liq fuels, what is the control?
When fire involves liq oxygen and liq fuels, control it as follows: (a) When liq oxygen leaks or flows into large quantities of fuel, shut off flow of liq oxygen, and put remaining fuel fire out with extinguishing agents suitable for use on class B fires.
How to separate oxygen from cryogenic air?
Cryogenic air separation involves three steps: 1) purification of the incoming air to remove particles, carbon dioxide, and water, 2) refrigeration and economization of refrigeration values contained in the product and waste streams, /and/ 3) separation by distillation.
How does oxygen therapy work?
Oxygen therapy increases the arterial pressure of oxygen and is effective in improving gas exchange and oxygen delivery to tissues , provided that there are functional alveolar units. Oxygen plays a critical role as an electron acceptor during oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain through activation of cytochrome c oxidase (terminal enzyme of the electron transport chain). This process achieves successful aerobic respiration in organisms to generate ATP molecules as an energy source in many tissues. Oxygen supplementation acts to restore normal cellular activity at the mitochondrial level and reduce metabolic acidosis. There is also evidence that oxygen may interact with O2-sensitive voltage-gated potassium channels in glomus cells and cause hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane.
How does oxygen therapy help with cellular oxygenation?
Oxygen therapy improves effective cellular oxygenation , even at a low rate of tissue perfusion. Oxygen molecules adjust hypoxic ventilatory drive by acting on chemoreceptors on carotid bodies that sequentially relay sensory information to the higher processing centers in brainstem. It also attenuates hypoxia-induced mitochondrial depolarization that generates reactive oxygen species and/or apoptosis. Studies investigating on hyperbaric oxygen therapy has shown that oxygen supplementation can induce neural stem cell proliferation in neonatal rats thus promoting neurological regeneration after injuries. CD34+, CD45-dim leukocytes are also potential targets for hyperbaric oxygen therapy benefit as their mobilization was increased in vitro which could facilitate the acceleration of recovery at peripheral sites.
What are the uses of oxygen?
Common uses of oxygen include production of steel, plastics and textiles, brazing, welding and cutting of steels and other metals, rocket propellant, oxygen therapy, and life support systems in aircraft, submarines, spaceflight and diving .
How much oxygen is in freshwater?
At 25 °C and 1 standard atmosphere (101.3 kPa) of air, freshwater contains about 6.04 milliliters (mL) of oxygen per liter, and seawater contains about 4.95 mL per liter. At 5 °C the solubility increases to 9.0 mL (50% more than at 25 °C) per liter for water and 7.2 mL (45% more) per liter for sea water.
How is oxygen gas produced?
Oxygen gas can also be produced through electrolysis of water into molecular oxygen and hydrogen. DC electricity must be used: if AC is used, the gases in each limb consist of hydrogen and oxygen in the explosive ratio 2:1. A similar method is the electrocatalytic O. 2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids.
How do paleoclimatologists measure oxygen 18?
Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine the climate millions of years ago (see oxygen isotope ratio cycle ). Seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16, evaporate at a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18, and this disparity increases at lower temperatures. During periods of lower global temperatures, snow and rain from that evaporated water tends to be higher in oxygen-16, and the seawater left behind tends to be higher in oxygen-18. Marine organisms then incorporate more oxygen-18 into their skeletons and shells than they would in a warmer climate. Paleoclimatologists also directly measure this ratio in the water molecules of ice core samples as old as hundreds of thousands of years.
What is the main component of life?
Most of the mass of living organisms is oxygen as a component of water, the major constituent of lifeforms. Oxygen is continuously replenished in Earth's atmosphere by photosynthesis, which uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water and carbon dioxide.
How does photosynthesis release oxygen?
Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, while respiration, decay, and combustion remove it from the atmosphere. In the present equilibrium, production and consumption occur at the same rate. Free oxygen also occurs in solution in the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O.
What is the energy that is released in combustion?
Dioxygen provides the energy released in combustion and aerobic cellular respiration, and many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain oxygen atoms, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, as do the major constituent inorganic compounds of animal shells, teeth, and bone.
Overview
Properties
- Oxygen is a colorless, tasteless and odorless gas. It readily dissolves in water, and more conveniently in freshwater as compared to seawater. The freezing point of oxygen is −218.79 °C, and it condenses at −182.95 °C. Oxygen, in both of its liquid and solid state, appear as clear, sky-blue color compound. Oxygen is highly combustible element but not flammable. It only helps in …
- Water solubility of oxygen at 25oC and pressure = 1 bar is at 40 mg/L water. In air with a normal composition the oxygen partial pressure is 0.2 atm. This results in dissolution of 40 . 0.2 = 8 mg O2/L in water that comes in contact with air. Oxygen solubility is strongly temperature dependent and decreases at higher temperatures. Oxygen solubility is negatively correlated with the amoun…
- The atomic number of oxygen is 8, meaning it has 8 protons in its nucleus. Its atomic weight or atomic mass is approximately 16 for the most common isotope of oxygen (16O) that makes up 99.76% of the oxygen found in nature. Other stable isotopes of oxygen are 17O and 18O.Oxygen is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas that is slightly heavier than air. It is essential for sustaini…
Other Uses
- Oxygen oxidizes other substances. This occurs for example during fires, but also within organisms, during bacterial destruction and during metal conversion.
- Oxygen is also what makes burning possible. This is called combustion. When an object or something burns or combusts, oxygen combines with another substance and releases heat and light. For instance, when you burn wood, the oxygen in air combines with the wood to create fire. This ability of oxygen has many uses. But it also makes pure oxygen very dangerous. If pure oxy…
- 1. oxygen face mask 2. hospital oxygen supply 3. NASA fuel storage 4. rockets use liquid oxygen 5. steel smelters use coal and liquid oxygen 6. diving air tanks 7. Diving air tanks 8. diving air tanks 9. Oxygen Plasma Cleaning...
Safety And Precautions
- The NFPA 704 standard rates compressed oxygen gas as nonhazardous to health, nonflammable and nonreactive, but an oxidizer. Refrigerated liquid oxygen is given a health hazard rating of 3, and all other ratings are the same as the compressed gas form.
- As pure O2 oxygen is generally not released in amounts that would be hazardous to any aerobic organism. Theoretically, such concentrations are obtainable, and the critical partial pressure differs per species.
- At elevated partial pressures for prolonged periods of time, oxygen can be very toxic; it can cause convulsions and many other health problems. Contact with liquid oxygen can cause skin and eye irritation as well as burns and frostbite. In the early to mid-1900s, it was a common therapy to place premature babies in incubators with a high percentage of oxygen; this ceased when a corr…
Toxicity
- Oxygen atoms can be found in a number of toxic organic and inorganic compounds. Toxic compounds are for example hyper oxides and peroxides. Some substances are toxic under low oxygen conditions in water, because breathing of organisms increases and consequently substances are absorbed more rapidly. For obligatory anaerobic organisms, high oxygen concen…
Characteristics
- Properties and molecular structure
At standard temperature and pressure, oxygen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas with the molecular formula O 2, referred to as dioxygen. As dioxygen, two oxygen atoms are chemically bound to each other. The bond can be variously described based on level of theory, but is... - Allotropes
The common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O 2, the major part of the Earth's atmospheric oxygen. O2 has a bond length of 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ/mol, which is smaller than the energy of other double bonds or pairs of single bonds in the bios...
- Oxygen is critical for chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—the molecule used for energy. Brain cells are sensitive to a lack of oxygen because of their demand for a high-and-steady production of ATP.Brain damage is likely within five minutes without oxygen (cerebral hypoxia), and death is likely within ten minu…
History
- Early experiments
One of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air was conducted by the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo of Byzantium. In his work Pneumatica, Philo observed that inverting a vessel over a burning candle and surrounding the ve… - Phlogiston theory
Robert Hooke, Ole Borch, Mikhail Lomonosov, and Pierre Bayen all produced oxygen in experiments in the 17th and the 18th century but none of them recognized it as a chemical element. This may have been in part due to the prevalence of the philosophy of combustion and …
- Philo of Byzantium, a Greek writer and engineer in the second century, conducted the first experiment of the relationship between air and combustion. He found that if you take a burning candle on a dish full of water and invert a cylindrical container over it, the surrounding water will rise into the neck of the vessel.The first discovery of oxygen in the 1600s, by the Polish alchemis…
Definition
- The often applied BOD5 value indicates the oxygen concentration applied by micro organisms within five days at 20oC in an aerobic environment, to convert organic matter to carbon dioxide, water and new biomass. It is expressed as mg O2 per litre of wastewater. Multiplying this number by the wastewater volume gives the amount of hazardous substances. The BOD5 per unit of tim…
Video
- The video below is from the University of Nottingham's Periodic Videos project. This video talks about oxygen, but also discusses ozone.
- 1. Play media low levels 2. Play media Meet the lungs 3. Play media plasma tube 4. Play media earth science 5. Play media hydrogen and oxygen 6. Play media scuba diving 7. Play media scuba diving...
Compounds
- The oxidation state of oxygen is −2 in almost all known compounds of oxygen. The oxidation state −1 is found in a few compounds such as peroxides. Compounds containing oxygen in other oxidation states are very uncommon: −1/2, −1/3, 0, +1/2, +1, and +2.