What happened in the 2nd Industrial Revolution?
The Second Industrial Revolution was a period when advances in steel production, electricity and petroleum caused a series of innovations that changed society. With the production of cost effective steel, railroads were expanded and more industrial machines were built.
What are the characteristics of the Industrial Revolution?
The Industrial Revolution transformed economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system. New machines, new power sources, and new ways of organizing work made existing industries more productive and efficient.
What did the Second Industrial Revolution focus on?
While the First Industrial Revolution centered on textile manufacturing and the innovation of the steam engine, the Second Industrial Revolution focused instead on steel production, the automobile and advances in electricity. Discoveries in the field of electricity improved communication technologies.
What made the Second Industrial Revolution possible?
The main causes of the second industrial revolution were due to: natural resources, abundant labor supply, strong government policy, new sources of power, railroads and American inventors and inventions.
When was the second industrial revolution?
The second Industrial Revolution is usually dated between 1870 and 1914, although a number of its char- acteristic events can be dated to the 1850s. It is, however, clear that the rapid rate of pathbreaking inventions (macroinventions) slowed down after 1825, and picked up steam again in the last third of the century.
Which of the following best describes the Industrial Revolution?
Statement that best describes the Industrial revolution: There was a gradual change in the way people lived and worked. What is one way improved agriculture contributed to population growth?
What was the most important result of the Second Industrial Revolution?
The second industrial revolution was a time of rapid growth for the transportation industry. New advances in technology led to the development of faster and more efficient means of transportation, making it easier for people and goods to move around the world.
What was the biggest change during the Second Industrial Revolution?
Rapid advances in the creation of steel, chemicals and electricity helped fuel production, including mass-produced consumer goods and weapons. It became far easier to get around on trains, automobiles and bicycles. At the same time, ideas and news spread via newspapers, the radio and telegraph.
How did the Second Industrial Revolution affect the economy?
Key Takeaways: Second Industrial Revolution Advancements in factory workflow, such as mass production, electrification, and automation contributed to economic growth. The Second Industrial Revolution also gave rise to the first workplace safety and work hours laws, including the prohibition of child labor.
How did the Second Industrial Revolution impact workers?
For a small minority of workers, the Second Industrial Revolution introduced white-collar jobs and growth in the middle class. Though it took very little skill to operate a machine, it took a lot of skill to design or fabricate a machine, and many foremen and managers were also needed to oversee production.
Which of the following was a major contributor to the Second Industrial Revolution?
A major contributor to the Second Industrial Revolution was electrical power. Among Edison's inventions were the typewriter and the telephone.
What is the most important characteristic of the 4th Industrial Revolution?
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a way of describing the blurring of boundaries between the physical, digital, and biological worlds. It's a fusion of advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), 3D printing, genetic engineering, quantum computing, and other technologies.
What are the 7 factors of industrialization?
Terms in this set (7)Natural resources. Become goods, Raw materials.Capital. needed to pay for the production of goods, Stable currency.Labor supply. Used to make goods, High birth rate.Technology. Better ways to make more and better goods, Electricity = more production power.Consumers. ... Transportation. ... Government support.
What characterizes an industrial society?
An Industrial society is one in which technologies of mass production are used to make vast amounts of goods in factories, and in which this is the dominant mode of production and organizer of social life.
What are the 3 industrial revolutions?
These are the first three industrial revolutions that transformed our modern society. With each of these three advancements—the steam engine, the age of science and mass production, and the rise of digital technology—the world around us fundamentally changed.
What is systemic production?
Systematic or serial production is promoted, which accelerates personal times and production becomes more competitive. On the other hand there is an increase in industrial unemployment but great and important discoveries such as the invention of the telegraph, the gasoline car, the airplane, the electric light, among others, are being promoted.
What are some of the inventions that promote trade?
The transport and communication systems increase. The electric railroad is born. Also the boat with boiler engine arises. These inventions promote trade.
Why are new industries born?
New industries are born as a result of the great inventions that took place during this period.
What was the second industrial revolution?
The second industrial revolution is the period between 1850-1870 and the beginning of the First World War in 1914. It was a period markedly marked by vertiginous social and economic changes since the industrial process accelerated and, therefore, the changes and rhythms of life of society also changed.
What were the experiments that were carried out during World War II?
The experiments that were carried out during this period were based on the development of fertilizers or explosives. Later this area will develop the nuclear weapons that characterized World War II.
When did assembly line manufacturing begin?
That is serial production. This reduced production costs by increasing people’s productivity. Assembly line manufacturing began to be implemented by 1914 at the Ford factory. In addition companies gained competitiveness. Thus, the first multinationals are born.
When was the first airplane made?
The Wright brothers in 1903 made the first airplane flight. A new means of transport is born. Initially, this vehicle was used as a combat weapon during World War I in 1914. Only in 1919 was the first air crossing of the Atlantic Ocean carried out without warlike intentions.
Characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution
In the Second Industrial Revolution, great advances were made in telecommunication.
Industrialization
New industries were born as a result of great inventions, such as automatic machines capable of manufacturing parts for other machinery (a process called machine automation), which allowed improving competitiveness in the market after accelerating production times and reducing costs ( because it required less manpower).
Advances in science and chemistry
Robert Koch described the etiologic agent of the bacteria that caused tuberculosis.
The consequences of the Second industrial revolution
The Second Industrial Revolution was characterized by an increase in unemployment.
What were the major changes in the Industrial Revolution?
While the name Industrial Revolution may conjure up visions of urban factories belching smoke, during the nineteenth century important changes also swept across agriculture. These changes fall into three main categories: 1 Chemistry, in the form of new fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. 2 Farm machines, such as the tractor powered by an internal combustion engine, that substituted for the pulling power of horses and oxen and enabled farmers to work larger fields. 3 Food preservation techniques that made it possible for farmers to sell food in distant cities, long after it was freshly harvested.
How did the expansion of the United States affect the Industrial Revolution?
The task of feeding, clothing, and supplying the rapidly growing population with goods enabled the Industrial Revolution in the United States to reach heights unmatched by any other country.
What is discontinuous invention?
The inventions that make possible dramatic changes are sometimes called "discontinuous." Instead of resulting in slight change or improvement along a steady path, discontinuous inventions seem to come from nowhere and profoundly change the world. A "continuous" invention is one that either improves upon an older invention, or uses an older invention in a new way. Whereas discontinuous inventions are rare, sets of small improvements to existing inventions for use in other applications are much more common.
How did the United States grow in the nineteenth century?
During the nineteenth century, the United States grew rapidly , from 5.3 million people in 1800 to 76.2 million in 1900. During the same period, the land area of the United States increased from 891,000 square miles (2,307,690 square kilometers) in 1791 to 3,021,295 square miles (7,825,154 square kilometers) in 1900 (excluding Alaska and Hawaii). The increase in size primarily was a result of the Louisiana Purchase (the acquisition by President Thomas Jefferson in 1803 of French-held lands in North America ), the Texas war for independence from Mexico (1832–36), and war between the United States and Mexico (1846–48), which together expanded the area of the United States from a few states on the Atlantic coast to vast tracts of land stretching all the way to the Pacific Ocean.
What were the factors that led to the early industrialization of Britain?
One factor in Britain's early success in industrialization was its plentiful supply of coal. The United States also had vast supplies of coal under the Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania and western Virginia (present-day West Virginia) and elsewhere.
Where was the growth of industry in the nineteenth century?
In the first half of the nineteenth century, the growth of industry was concentrated in the Northeast. Agriculture continued to dominate in the South, although the southern states were affected by industrialization as northern textile mills demanded more and more supplies of raw materials.
Who helped speed up the industrialization process in the United States?
But the laws proved impossible to enforce, and even before 1800 British inventions began showing up in Europe and the United States. An Englishman named Samuel Slater (1768–1835) helped speed the industrialization process along in the United States.
How has technology changed the world?
From the late 19th to early 20th centuries, cities grew, factories sprawled and people’s lives became regulated by the clock rather than the sun.
How long did the Addams girls work?
The girls said they worked long hours in a candy factory and couldn’t stand the sight or smell of it. “We discovered that for six weeks they had worked from seven in the morning until nine at night,” Addams later wrote, “and they were exhausted as well as satiated.
What happened to Jane Addams?
When social activist Jane Addams threw a Christmas party at the group home she had just founded in Chicago’s slums in 1889, she passed out candy to the impoverished girls who lived there. She was surprised when they refused.
How many miles did the railroad run in 1865?
Great swaths of land that had once whispered grass now screamed corn and wheat.". Railroad lines expanded from 35,000 miles in 1865 to 254,000 miles in 1916. Yet after World War I, the railroad would be replaced by the automobile.
What were the effects of the railroads on the West?
The iron chariots also changed the human and natural environment of the West, and of course led to conflicts with Native Americans who had lived there for generations.
What is the difference between the first and second industrial revolution?
While some historians quibble over the exact boundary between the First Industrial Revolution, that began in the mid-18th century, and the second, that started around the mid-19th century, a primary difference is that the second saw the beginning of mass production in manufacturing and consumer goods. pinterest-pin-it.
What was the fear of the factory worker?
Early 20th-century films like Fritz Lang’s sci-fi dystopia “ Metropolis ” or Charlie Chaplin’s assembly line comedy “ Modern Times ” capture this fear of the factory worker as a human robot.
Characteristics of The Second Industrial Revolution
Industrialization
The Mechanization of Labor
The Development of Transport
New Sources of Energy
Telecommunications
Advances in Science and Chemistry
The Consequences of The Second Industrial Revolution
- The Second Industrial Revolution was characterized by an increase in unemployment. The systematic production developed during the Second Industrial Revolution had as a consequence the acceleration of production, achieving greater competitiveness in the market which, in turn, increased unemployment due to the replacement of employees by machin…