What is the difference between Apley distraction test and compression test?
Apley compression (grind) test is used for the diagnosis of meniscal problems or injuries in the knee. In comparison, the Apley distraction test is used for the diagnosis of ligamentous problems. So both tests are performed in conjugation with one another. The reason behind that is that the performing procedure of both tests is quite similar.
What are the two types of Apley's test?
There are two types of Apley’s test, the Apley compression test and the Apley distraction test. The Apley distraction test is used for the evaluation of ligamentous injuries. Apley distraction test evaluates the integrity of the collateral ligaments (MCL & LCL) of the knee.
What is the Apley grind test?
The Apley grind test, also known as the Apley compression test or the Apley test, is a maneuver performed to evaluate meniscus injury. Clinicians usually perform it in conjunction with the Apley distraction test, which assesses for ligamentous injury.
What is the Apley test for knee pain?
The Apley test is usually part of a preliminary exam when you visit a provider with knee pain or after an injury. You’ll probably also need at least one of a few imaging tests to confirm a torn meniscus or any other injuries in your knee. There’s also a type of Apley test used to diagnose issues in your shoulder.
How do you do Apley's compression test?
0:311:54Apley's Test Meniscus Damage - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipWhile you give distraction perform lateral rotation of the tibia. And medial rotation you areMoreWhile you give distraction perform lateral rotation of the tibia. And medial rotation you are looking for excessive rotation compared to the other side or discomfort. Then repeat the same procedure.
What is the test for torn meniscus?
MRI . This uses a strong magnetic field to produce detailed images of both hard and soft tissues within your knee. It's the best imaging study to detect a torn meniscus.
Which test is positive for a torn meniscus of the knee?
The McMurray test is a series of knee and leg movements healthcare providers use to diagnose a torn meniscus.
What are two special test you can perform for a meniscus tear?
1:002:06Thessaly Test Meniscus Lesion - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipLike with any provocative. Test you first want to check the uninjured leg before you move on to theMoreLike with any provocative. Test you first want to check the uninjured leg before you move on to the injured leg to perform this test have your patient stand on the injured leg which is flexed to 20
What does a positive Apley test indicate?
The examiner then places his or her own knee across the posterior aspect of the patient's thigh. The tibia is then compressed onto the knee joint while being externally rotated. If this maneuver produces pain, this constitutes a "positive Apley test" and damage to the meniscus is likely.
What are 3 signs of a meniscus tear in the knee?
Swelling or stiffness. Pain, especially when twisting or rotating your knee. Difficulty straightening your knee fully. Feeling as though your knee is locked in place when you try to move it.
How is a torn meniscus identified on an MRI?
They are diagnosed on MRI by the presence of a vertical line of increased signal intensity contacting the superior, inferior, or both surfaces of the meniscus (Fig.
How do you diagnose a meniscus tear without an MRI?
X-rays are usually done. Based on your symptoms and the physical examination, your doctor may diagnose a meniscus tear. He or she may suggest that you follow up with an orthopedic surgeon, although it is not always needed. Your doctor or the orthopedic surgeon may suggest other tests such as an MRI or arthroscopy.
What are 3 signs and symptoms of an ACL tear?
Signs and symptoms of an ACL injury usually include:A loud pop or a "popping" sensation in the knee.Severe pain and inability to continue activity.Rapid swelling.Loss of range of motion.A feeling of instability or "giving way" with weight bearing.
How do you tell if you have a torn ACL or meniscus?
ACL tear versus meniscus tear symptoms After a meniscus tear, it's often quite difficult to fully extend or bend the knee. There can also be a “locking” sensation within the joint and reduced mobility as a result. This doesn't tend to occur with ACL tears.
How can you tell the difference between a meniscus and ligament injury?
Symptoms and Signs of Knee Sprains and Meniscal InjuriesSprained medial or lateral ligaments: Tenderness over the damaged ligament.Medial meniscal injuries: Tenderness in the joint plane (joint line tenderness) medially.Lateral meniscal injuries: Tenderness in the joint plane laterally.More items...
What is positive McMurray test?
A test is considered positive when a click is felt over the meniscus as the knee is brought from full flexion (completely bent) to 90 degrees.
How do you check for a meniscus tear at home?
3:4710:14Do I Have A Meniscus Tear? | Knee Tests You Can Do At HomeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipAnd I would just kind of palpate kind of roll up. And down and kind of try to find areas ofMoreAnd I would just kind of palpate kind of roll up. And down and kind of try to find areas of tenderness. If you find an area of tenderness that can be indicative of a meniscus injury.
How do you diagnose a meniscus tear without an MRI?
X-rays are usually done. Based on your symptoms and the physical examination, your doctor may diagnose a meniscus tear. He or she may suggest that you follow up with an orthopedic surgeon, although it is not always needed. Your doctor or the orthopedic surgeon may suggest other tests such as an MRI or arthroscopy.
Can a torn meniscus heal without surgery?
In the case of meniscus tears, some people think the injury will heal over time on its own. But the truth is that there are different types of meniscus tears — and some tears won't heal without treatment. If your tear is on the outer one-third of the meniscus, it may heal on its own or be repaired surgically.
Can you walk around with a torn meniscus?
Unless the torn meniscus has locked the knee, many people with a torn meniscus can walk, stand, sit, and sleep without pain. Other people find that the torn meniscus prevents them from participating comfortably in their usual daily activities.
What is Apley’s Test?
The Apley distraction test is used for the evaluation of ligamentous injuries. Apley distraction test evaluates the integrity of the collateral ligaments (MCL & LCL) of the knee.
What is the Apley distraction test?
The Apley distraction test is used for the diagnosis of collateral ligamentous injuries (MCL & LCL) of the knee. The Apley compression test is performed in conjugation with the Apley distraction test. The reason for this is explained above.
What does it mean when a patient feels pain during compression?
If the patient feels pain at the medial side of the knee, this indicates medial meniscus injury. If the patients feel pain at the lateral side of the knee, this indicates lateral meniscus injury.
What is the difference between apley compression and apley distraction?
In comparison, the Apley distraction test is used for the diagnosis of ligamentous problems. So both tests are performed in conjugation with one another.
What is the cartilage between the femur and tibia?
The meniscus is C-shaped cartilage present in a pair in each knee joint. It is present between the two bones, mainly forming the knee joint, i.e. femur, and tibia. The meniscus is made up of both fibrous and cartilaginous components (fibrocartilaginous). They act as cushion-like padding between the distal femur and proximal tibia to make up the knee joint.
How does the meniscus act as a shock absorber?
The meniscus acts as a shock absorber by dispersing the compression force from the femur on a wider (larger) area of the tibia.
Why do doctors perform both meniscus and ligamentous tear tests?
Performing both tests allows the examiner to get a clearer vision in diagnosing either the meniscus or ligamentous tear as doctors cannot see the internal structures of the human body.
Introduction
The Apley's grind test (Apley Compression test) is used to evaluate individuals for problems of the meniscus in the knee. This test is named after Alan Graham Appley (1914 - 1996), a British orthopedic surgeon, who discovered this assessment technique. The test is performed in conjunction with the Apley's distraction test.
Anatomy of the Meniscus
The meniscus is C-shaped cartilage that acts as a cushion between the proximal tibia and the distal femur to make up the knee joint. It has an average width of 10 mm to 12 mm, and the average thickness is 4 mm to 5 mm. The meniscus is made of fibro-elastic cartilage.
Indications for use
A clinician should suspect an injury to the meniscus when a patient presents with knee pain, particularly after a twisting type of injury when the foot is firmly planted on the ground. The injury may occur with or without an external force being applied to the knee. Usually, pain is located along the joint line of the knee.
Test Description
Appley's grinding test involves placing the patient in the prone position with the knee flexed to 90 degrees. The patient's thigh is then rooted to the examining table with the examiner's knee. The examiner laterally and medially rotates the tibia, combined first with distraction, while noting any excessive movement, restriction or discomfort.
Reliability of the Test
Many studies have attempted to quantitate the reliability of various physical examination findings.
Sensitivity of the Test
Diagnostic accuracy studies of meniscal tests are described to have poor methodologic quality with highly heterogeneous results, therefore poor value for clinical practice . A recent meta-analysis reports sensitivity and specificity to be 60% and 70% respectively.
Clinical Significance
Diagnosis of a meniscal injury by physical exam and special tests, including Apley’s grind test and Apley’s distraction test, in conjunction with advanced imaging, can guide a physician to provide the correct course of treatment. Treatment of a meniscal injury may include conservative management such as analgesia, i.e., NSAIDs, and physiotherapy.
What is the purpose of the Apley compression test?
Purpose : The Apley Compression test or Apley Grind test is used to assess the integrity of the medial and lateral meniscus.
What is a positive thigh rotation test?
A positive test occurs when pain or popping is noted with rotation. The examiner may also perform a distraction test in this position. While stabilizing the patient’s thigh against the table, the examiner will provide a distraction force upwards and also rotate the leg medially and laterally.
What is the Apley test?
The Apley Compression test or Apley Grind test is used to assess the integrity of the medial and lateral meniscus.
What Is Apley’s Test?
- There are two types of Apley’s test, the Apley compression test and the Apley distraction test. The Apley distraction test is used for the evaluation of ligamentous injuries. Apley distraction test evaluates the integrity of the collateral ligaments (MCL & LCL) of the knee. While the Apley compression test, also known as the Apley grind test, is us...
Apley Compression Test
- The Apley compression test or Apley grind test is used to evaluate meniscal problems or injuries in the knee. This test was named after Alan Graham Apley (1914-1996), a British orthopedic surgeon who developed this method for assessing patients. Meniscal injuries are quite common and can cause significant pain and morbidity. Children younger less than ten years are not likely …
Anatomy of The Meniscus
- The meniscus is C-shaped cartilage present in a pair in each knee joint. It is present between the two bones, mainly forming the knee joint, i.e. femur, and tibia. The meniscus is made up of both fibrous and cartilaginous components (fibrocartilaginous). They act as cushion-like padding between the distal femur and proximal tibia to make up the knee joint. There are two types of m…
Diagnosis
- Apley compression (grind) test is used for the diagnosis of meniscal problems or injuries in the knee. In comparison, the Apley distraction test is used for the diagnosis of ligamentous problems. So both tests are performed in conjugation with one another. The reason behind that is that the performing procedure of both tests is quite similar. As in the Apley grind test, the examiner gentl…
Introduction
- The Apley's grind test (Apley Compression test) is used to evaluate individuals for problems of the meniscus in the knee. This test is named after Alan Graham Appley (1914 - 1996), a British orthopedic surgeon, who discovered this assessment technique. The test is performed in conjunction with the Apley's distraction test. Meniscal injuries are ver...
Anatomy of The Meniscus
- The meniscus is C-shaped cartilage that acts as a cushion between the proximal tibia and the distal femur to make up the knee joint. It has an average width of 10 mm to 12 mm, and the average thickness is 4 mm to 5 mm.The meniscus is made of fibro-elastic cartilage. It is an interlacing network of collagen, proteoglycan, glycoproteins, and cellular elements, and is about …
Indications For Use
- A clinician should suspect an injury to the meniscus when a patient presents with knee pain, particularly after a twisting type of injury when the foot is firmly planted on the ground. The injury may occur with or without an external force being applied to the knee. Usually, pain is located along the joint line of the knee. Common complaints are pain and mechanical complaints such a…
Test Description
- Appley's grinding test involves placing the patient in the prone position with the knee flexed to 90 degrees. The patient's thigh is then rooted to the examining table with the examiner's knee. The examiner laterally and medially rotates the tibia, combined first with distraction, while noting any excessive movement, restriction or discomfort. The process is then repeated using compressio…
Reliability of The Test
- Many studies have attempted to quantitate the reliability of various physical examination findings. In a prospective study comparing preoperative joint line tenderness to arthroscopic findings of meniscal tears, the sensitivity of joint line tenderness was found to be 86% and 92% with an overall accuracy rate of 74% and 96% for the medial and lateral meniscus, respectively, another …
Sensitivity of The Test
- Diagnostic accuracy studies of meniscal tests are described to have poor methodologic quality with highly heterogeneous results, therefore poor value for clinical practice. A recent meta-analysis reports sensitivity and specificity to be 60% and 70% respectively.
Clinical Significance
- Diagnosis of a meniscal injury by physical exam and special tests, including Apley’s grind test and Apley’s distraction test, in conjunction with advanced imaging, can guide a physician to provide the correct course of treatment. Treatment of a meniscal injury may include conservative management such as analgesia, i.e., NSAIDs, and physiotherapy. Non-operative management is …