Full Answer
What is the problem with a Niger tree?
The word 'niger' translated to 'black', referring to its dark bark. Easy to transplant. Insect, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: This tree is susceptible to wind damage. Susceptible to Sphaeropsis tip blight and Dothistroma needle blight. Pine moth and pine wilt are also an issue.
Where is the Pinus nigra found?
Jump to navigation Jump to search. Pinus nigra, the Austrian pine or black pine, is a moderately variable species of pine, occurring across southern Mediterranean Europe from Spain to the eastern Mediterranean, on the Anatolian peninsula of Turkey on Corsica and Cyprus as well as Crimea and in the high mountains of the Maghreb in North Africa.
What is European black pine timber?
The timber of European black pine is similar to that of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) and red pine ( Pinus resinosa ), being moderately hard and straight-grained. It does however tend to be rougher, softer, and not as strong, due to its faster growth. It is used for general construction, fuel, and in paper manufacture.
Why is it called a digger pine?
Native Americans also consumed the roots. The name digger pine supposedly came from the observation that the Paiute foraged for its seeds by digging around the base of the tree, although it is more likely that the term was first applied to the people; "Digger Indians" was in common use in California literature from the 1800s.
Why is it called Black Pine?
The "black" ascribed to the common name is descriptive, for it is a somber tree. It produces stiff, 4-inch long dark green needles that crowd the stem producing a bottle-brush arrangement on the branches. The tree is a two-needle pine.
What is black pine used for?
It is used for general construction, fuel, and in paper manufacture. In the United Kingdom, Pinus nigra is important both as a timber tree and in plantations (primarily Corsican pine subsp.).
What pine trees grow in England?
Scots pine is the only truly native pine in the UK. It thrives in heathland and is widely planted for timber, but is also found in abundance in the Caledonian pine forest in the Scottish Highlands.
How do you identify black pine?
It is easy to distinguish between the two varieties by looking at the number of needles within each bundle – technically called a fascicle. At the base is a sheath – the short, light gray wrapper at the base of the cluster of needles. Black pines have two needles per sheath vs. five needles for a white pine.
What does a black pine tree look like?
Black Pine is an evergreen, gymnosperm tree that grows 20-50' tall. It has a flat-topped pyramidal form with no prominent central leader. As it ages, it will be irregular and asymmetrical, with a spreading crown with pendulous branches. This specimen is noted for its silky, whitish, candle-like terminal buds.
Is Black Pine edible?
Edible Uses There are no more details but inner bark is often dried, ground into a powder and then used as a thickener in soups etc or added to cereals when making bread.
What is the most common pine in the UK?
IN THIS GUIDE Scots Pine. Douglas Fir. Noble Fir. Norway Spruce. Western Hemlock. Corsican Pine. Sitka Spruce. Lodgepole Pine.More items...•
Why is it called Scots pine?
The Scots pine – or Pinus sylvestris – is Scotland's national tree. It is a native of the once extensive Caledonian pine forests and is the only timber-producing conifer native to Scotland. It's known as a pioneer species, due to its ability to regenerate and thrive in poor soils.
Is Scots pine and Scotch pine the same?
Scots pine, also called Scotch pine, is an introduced species from Europe and Asia. Mature trees have an open spreading habit with distinguishing orange, scaly bark.
What kind of pine tree has long soft needles?
Pine trees in the subgroup of “soft pines” tend to be white pine trees with five needles per bundle. Varieties of soft-needled pines include the western white pine (Pinus monticola), the eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), the limber pine (Pinus flexilis), and the Japanese white pine (Pinus parviflora).
Is a cedar tree a pine tree?
Not exactly. It's a little more complicated than that. Most simply, they fall under different branches of the same tree family. Cedar trees fall under the genus Cedrus, and pine trees make up the genus Pinus.
What pine tree has three needles?
This tree also goes by the common names western yellow pine, bull pine, Black Jack, western red pine, and western longleaf pine. This tree has three (sometimes two) needles per bundle.
What is a Japanese white pine?
The Japanese white pines (USDA zone 5) are well-formed, elegant plants, with soft, delicate need les that are often streaked with white, blue or gold. These cultivars also have some of the most stunning pollen cones in the conifer world.
What is Uncle Fogy pine?
If the Pinus parviflora cultivars are some of the most elegant pines, 'Uncle Fogy' clearly has to be one of the most ridiculous. This cultivar of Pinus banksiana (USDA zone 2) is twisted, alternately weeping and upright and no two look the same.
What is a Mugo?
Pinus mugo 'Jakobsen' is attractive in the landscape or in containers. The ACS recognizes almost 80 cultivars of this species, commonly called mugo (pronounced ‘moo-go’, not ‘mew-go’) pine or mountain pine (USDA zone 3).
What is the best gold conifer?
Close up of 'Watereri' needles, buds and cones. However, if you prefer golden foliage, Pinus sylvestris does that, beautifully, too! 'Nisbet's Gold' is one of the best gold conifer cultivars of any species, and, like many of the other sylvestris cultivars, has a tidy habit and is relatively slow-growing.
Which is better, Zebrina or Himalayan pine?
Although last on the list, Zebrina Himalayan pine is one of the very best! All Himalayan pines have long, graceful needles, but Zebrina does it one better by striping them with pale yellow. The landscape effect is breathtaking, especially in winter's soft light.
What is a dwarf pine cultivar?
The key for gardening successfully with pines is to choose among the thousands of dwarf pine cultivars. A cultivar, short for ‘cultivated variety’, represents a selection that was chosen due to its slower growth rate, dwarf form, unusual color, weeping habit, etc.
What is the largest family of conifers?
Many of us have a tendency to refer to all conifers as pine trees, which is not illogical considering that the pine family (Pinaceae) is the largest family of conifers and accounts for approximately ¼ of all cone-bearing trees (the definition of a conifer is a plant that bears cones). However, those roughly 200 species in Pinaceae include not just ...
Where did the name Digger Pine come from?
The name digger pine supposedly came from the observation that the Paiute foraged for its seeds by digging around the base of the tree, although it is more likely that the term was first applied to the people; "Digger Indians" was in common use in California literature from the 1800s.
Why is the cone of Pinus sabiniana called sabiniana?
The scientific botanical name with the standard spelling sabiniana commemorates Joseph Sabine, secretary of the Horticultural Society of London. Some botanists proposed a new spelling sabineana, because they were confused with Latin grammar.
How tall do Pinus sabiniana trees get?
The Pinus sabiniana tree typically grows to 36–45 feet (11–14 m), but can reach 105 feet (32 m) feet in height. The needles of the pine are in fascicles (bundles) of three, distinctively pale gray-green, sparse and drooping, and grow to 20–30 cm (8–12 inches) in length. The seed cones are large and heavy, 12–35 cm ( 4 3⁄4 – 13 3⁄4 inches) in length and almost as wide as they are long. When fresh, they weigh from 0.3 to 0.7 kilograms (0.7 to 1.5 lb), rarely over 1 kilogram (2.2 lb). The male cones grow at the base of shoots on the lower branches.
What are the caterpillars that eat pine nuts?
Pinus sabiniana needles are the only known food of the caterpillars of the Gelechiid moth Chionodes sabinianus. Fossil evidence suggests that it has only recently become adapted to the Mediterranean climate as its closest relatives are part of the Madrean pine-oak woodlands found at higher elevations in the southwest US and Mexico. Some Native American groups relied heavily on sweet pine nuts for food and are thought to have contributed to the current distribution pattern, including the large gap in distribution in Tulare County. Native Americans also consumed the roots.
Where is Pinus sabiniana found?
It is found throughout the Sierra Nevada and Coast Ranges foothills that ring the Central, San Joaquin and interior valleys;
Is the digger pine a pejorative name?
The historically more common name digger pine is still in widespread use. The Jepson Manual advises avoiding this name as the authors believe "digger" is pejorative in origin. It is also sometimes thought of as a pinyon pine, though it does not belong to that group. Pinus sabiniana in Californian languages. Language.
What is a nyjer?
About Nyjer. Nyjer is a small, thin, black seed from the African yellow daisy ( Guizotia abyssinica ). Though it is not related to the thistle plant, Nyjer is often referred to casually as "thistle seed.". High in oil, it is a nutritious source of energy for backyard birds and is one of the most popular types of birdseed.
How to attract birds to nyjer?
To attract birds by offering Nyjer, select appropriate bird feeders that have small mesh or tiny feeding ports to release the seed without spilling. Either soft mesh sock-style feeders or more durable metal mesh feeders can be suitable. For many birders, offering Nyjer in the winter is the best option, as many seed-eating birds are year-round residents but natural seed supplies are scarce in winter, so thistle seed feeders will be more popular. Birders who have not offered Nyjer before may choose mixed seed that includes Nyjer first to help the birds get accustomed to the new seed. Tricks to attract birds to a new feeder can also be useful for introducing birds to Nyjer.
What birds eat Nyjer?
The most popular birds that eat Nyjer include the following: Nyjer is a popular seed with many other finches, sparrows, doves, towhees, quail, and buntings. Even unexpected birds may try a bite of Nyjer when it is offered, and woodpeckers, thrushes, chickadees, and other birds have been spotted snacking at thistle seed feeders.
What is Aspergillus niger used for?
Aspergillus niger is cultured for the industrial production of many substances. Various strains of A. niger are used in the industrial preparation of citric acid (E330) and gluconic acid (E574), and have been assessed as acceptable for daily intake by the World Health Organization.
What is the name of the fungus that causes Aspergillus niger?
Speg. Rhopalocystis nigra (Tiegh.) Grove. Sterigmatocystis nigra (Tiegh.) Sacc. (1877) Aspergillus niger is a fungus and one of the most common species of the genus Aspergillus . It causes a disease called "black mold" on certain fruits and vegetables such as grapes, apricots, onions, and peanuts, and is a common contaminant of food.
Does A. niger produce ochratoxin?
Some strains of A. niger have been reported to produce potent mycotoxins called ochratoxins; other sources disagree, claiming this report is based upon misidentification of the fungal species. Recent evidence suggests some true A. niger strains do produce ochratoxin A. It also produces the isoflavone orobol .
Does A. niger bind to silver?
The fungus also plays a role in the solubilization of heavy-metal sulfides. Alkali-treated A. niger binds to silver to 10% of dry weight. Silver biosorption occurs by stoichiometric exchange with Ca (II) and Mg (II) of the sorbent.
Is niger fermentation safe?
A. niger fermentation is "generally recognized as safe" ( GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. A. niger is also considered as a potential alternative source of natural food grade pigments. Many useful enzymes are produced using industrial fermentation of A. niger.
Can Aspergillus niger cause human disease?
Human and animal disease. Aspergillus niger is less likely to cause human disease than some other Aspergillus species. In extremely rare instances, humans may become ill, but this is due to a serious lung disease, aspergillosis, that can occur.
What is a niggerhead?
'black person's head'). It also is or was a colloquial technical term in industry, mining, and seafaring.
Where does the word "negro" come from?
Etymology and history. Main article: Negro. The variants neger and negar derive from various European languages' words for 'black', including the Spanish and Portuguese word negro (black) and the now-pejorative French nègre, the 'i' entering the spelling "nigger" from those familiar with Latin.
What is the slur about black people?
Ethnic slur about black people. Not to be confused with Negro, Niger, or Niger State. For other uses, see Nigger (disambiguation), N-word (disambiguation), and Nigga. In the English language, the word nigger is an ethnic slur used most often against black people, especially African Americans. Because it is considered extremely offensive, ...
When did the term "colored" or "negro" become a respectful alternative?
The term " colored " or "negro" became a respectful alternative. In 1851, the Boston Vigilance Committee, an abolitionist organization, posted warnings to the Colored People of Boston and vicinity.
Is "African American" a compound word?
Moreover, as a compound word, African American resembles the vogue word Afro-American, an early-1970s popular usage.
