Difference Between Cultivar and Variety
- The term ‘variety’ is used for botanical taxonomy, while the term’ cultivar’ is used for the products of plant breeding.
- A cultivar is intentionally bred using cultivation methods by plant breeders, whereas a variety is grown naturally without any human influence.
- The nomenclature of cultivar is deferent from that of variety. ...
What is an example of a cultivar?
There are many examples of cultivars, such as in crops. Tomatoes and apples have a vast number of cultivars, and there are some cultivars that are obviously man-made, such as seedless grapes and watermelons. Ornamental plants also have cultivars, including orchids and roses.
What cultivar means?
(ˈkʌltɪˌvɑː ) noun. a variety of a plant that was produced from a natural species and is maintained by cultivation.
Whats the difference between a cultivar and a hybrid?
Some cultivars originated as “sports” or mutations that were discovered in the wild. Most cultivars, however, are the result of selective breeding by humans. Hybrids are the result of a genetic cross between two different species.
What is the difference between variety cultivar and genotype?
Genotype is the genetic constitution of the species. Cultivar is something which is cultivated. A single genotype may have several cultivars. Typically a cultivar, or variety, is clonally regenerated.
What is another word for cultivar?
•Other relevant words: (noun) tracheophyte, variety, vascular plant.
Can a plant have both a variety and a cultivar?
Certain plants can have both, a variety and a cultivar. The cultivar is defined as a cultivated plant which was chosen and given a unique name due to its certain useful characteristics. Usually cultivars differ from similar plants. However they still retain some features of the mother plant when propagated.
Is variety same as hybrid?
Variety is a subspecies that naturally occurs; not cultivated/a result of natural breeding. Hybrid is a cross between 2 different species or two different forms of the same species and is a product of natural or selective breeding.
Can an hybrid be a variety?
A hybrid is a cross of two varieties. With a hybrid, you get characteristics from each parent plant. In most cases, the parent plants will belong to the same genus. Chili peppers can be hybridized by crossing two self-pollinating varieties after which the seeds are collected.
What is a varietal in plants?
What Is a Variety in Horticulture? A variety refers to a variation within a plant species that develops naturally in the environment. Unlike a cultivated plant, a variety does not require human intervention to grow and reproduce.
What is a cultivar of a species?
A cultivar is a type of plant that people have bred for desired traits, which are reproduced in each new generation by a method such as grafting, tissue culture, or carefully controlled seed production.
How do you make a cultivar?
The techniques used in creating a new cultivar are: mass selection, recurrent selection, top crossing, and synthetic variety development. In mass selection, the source population is examined and desirable plants or seed from those parent plants are selected.
What is a variety in agriculture?
'Variety' means a plant grouping, within a single botanical taxon of the lowest known rank, defined by the reproducible expression of its distinguishing and other genetic characteristics. ( Source: Art. 2, ITPGRFA)
How is a plant a cultivar?
A plant cultivar refers to a variation within a plant species that has been developed by a human horticulturist through controlled plant breeding, as opposed to occurring naturally.
What is genetic cultivar?
In asexually propagated plants, a cultivar is a clone considered valuable enough to have its own name; in sexually propagated plants, a cultivar is a pure line (for self-pollinated plants) or, for cross-pollinated plants, a population that is genetically distinguishable.
Is cultivar a GMO?
Genetically modified plants with characteristics resulting from the deliberate implantation of genetic material from a different germplasm may form a cultivar.
What is a cultivar of a flower?
A cultivar is a plant that has been grown from a stem cutting, grafting, or tissue cultures to ensure it retains the characteristics of the plant parent. Growing a plant from one of these plant's seeds may not produce the same plant as the parent.
What is a cultivar in biology?
Cultivar. The cultivar is defined as a cultivated plant which was chosen and given a unique name due to its certain useful characteristics. Usually cultivars differ from similar plants. However they still retain some features of the mother plant when propagated.
What is a variety plant?
Variety is defined as a naturally occurring plant form, which is different from the species. It is usually similar to its mother plant but with minor differences. Therefore, variety is used to distinguish plants with one or more defining characteristics that are grown under natural circumstances. Variety is the lowest level of plant classification and is often combined with its genus and species name. A variety of a plant is designated by the abbreviation “var” followed by the variety name in italics. For example, Rosmarinus officinalis has the variety named; Rosmarinus officinalis var. albiflorus. Unlike the cultivar, there are no cultivation methods to grow variety.
What is the lowest level of plant classification?
Variety is the lowest level of plant classification and is often combined with its genus and species name. A variety of a plant is designated by the abbreviation “var” followed by the variety name in italics. For example, Rosmarinus officinalis has the variety named; Rosmarinus officinalis var. albiflorus.
Is "cultivar" capitalized?
The term ‘cultivar’ is derived from the word ‘cultivated verity’. When we mention the cultivar , neither it should be under lined nor italicized like the scientific nomenclature, but it should be capitalized and placed in single quotation marks.
What is a cultivated variety?
If you remember that "cultivar" stands for "cultivated variety," you will have no problem remembering the difference between the two. Whereas a plain old "variety" is a natural phenomenon, a cultivated variety is a fluke that has been propagated via human intervention. Its continued existence (in the desired form) from one generation to another requires human intercession—just as a cultivated piece of land can retain its appearance and composition only through continual human efforts. In fact, "cultivated" derives from the Latin root meaning "to work the soil" or "to tend to something with religious devotion." That Latin root also gives us such words as "culture" and even "cult."
What is a variety in plants?
In contrast with a cultivar, a "variety" (sometimes abbreviated as var.) can often be found growing and reproducing naturally in the plant kingdom. Plants grown from its seeds will often come out true to type.
How do cultivars come about?
When the full scientific name for a particular plant cultivar is given, the part of the name that indicates the cultivar itself follows the genus name and the species name.
What is a spruce plant?
The Spruce / David Beaulieu. Cultivars (short for "cultivated varieties") are plants you buy that often have been propagated not from seed, but rather vegetatively (for example, via stem cuttings).
Is the plant cultivar capitalized?
Furthermore, its first letter is capitalized, and the name is often set off by single quotation marks. By referring to such plants in this way, we can be more specific about them than if we restricted ourselves to noting genus and species.
Do commercial garden nurseries keep plants?
Commercial garden nurseries keep lots of cultivars in stock. Many of these plants have been "cultivated" or altered to enhance consumer appeal with a special characteristic like vibrant color or large blooms. Native plant nurseries are more likely to offer plants of original genus and species.
What is a cultivar?
Cultivar. The term cultivar is short for cultivated variety. It is a group of plants that have been selectively bred for traits that are maintained across generations. While often referring to seed produced ‘lines’ of plants, the term cultivar is also used for clones such as those cultivars propagated through cuttings, division, ...
What is a plant variety?
Plant variety is a legal term that follows the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. It is used for the recognition of a cultivated pant (cultivar) as a ‘plant variety’, offering its breeding some legal protections (plant breeder’s rights).
How are Wai Chi Lychees propagated?
Wai Chi lychees are both a cultivar and ‘plant variety’. These trees are propagated by marcotting (air layer).
What is the most misused term in horticulture?
Variety and cultivar are probably the most misused terms in horticulture. In this article I explain the very real differences between a variety and a cultivar. I also introduce the terms hybrid and plant variety (which is different to variety ). It’s a confusing topic but I hope this article makes it clear.
What is a hybrid fruit?
Hybrid. The cross-breeding of 2 plants of different species results in a hybrid . Many of our well known fruits are actually hybrids. For example the orange is actually a hybrid between pomelo ( Citrus maxima) and mandarin ( Citrus reticulata ).
What is the difference between a variety and a subspecies?
Variety is a taxonomic rank that comes after the species name. It represents a distinct phenotype (how it looks/grows) of a species that differs from other varieties across the species’ geographic range. A variety is different to the subspecies rank (used to recognize geographic distinctiveness) because it refers to a taxon seen throughout ...
Is a tomato a variety?
That’s right, your favorite tomato is actually a cultivar, not a variety. The variety name is always written after the species name in lower case and is italicized.
What does "cultivar" mean?
In fact cultivar means "cultivated variety.". Therefore, a cultivar was selected and cultivated by humans. Some cultivars originate as sports or mutations on plants. Other cultivars could be hybrids of two plants.
How to propagate true to type clones?
To propagate true-to-type clones, many cultivars must be propagated vegetatively through cuttings, grafting, and even tissue culture. Propagation by seed usually produces something different than the parent plant. Varieties and cultivars also have differently naming conventions.
Is variety important to horticulturists?
As a horticulturist, it is important that I use the right terms the right way (at least most of the time). Variety and cultivar are two terms often abused by gardeners and horticulturists. What's the difference, you ask?
Is "varieties" capitalized?
A variety is always written in lower case and italicized. It also often has the abbreviation "var." for variety preceding it. The first letter of a cultivar is capitalized and the term is never italicized.
