What is the function of genes?
What is a gene in DNA?
What information is used to make a protein?
What are chromosomes made of?
What determines the order in which amino acids are put together?
What do proteins help determine?
What is the main effect of mutations?
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What is the function of genes?
The main function of genes is to control the production in an organism's cells.
What is a gene in DNA?
A gene is a section of a DNA molecule that contains the information to code for one specific protein. A gene is made up of a series of bases in a row, in a specific order - for example ATGACGTA.
What information is used to make a protein?
During Protein Synthesis, the cell uses information from a gene on a chromosome on to make a protein.
What are chromosomes made of?
Chromosomes are made up of many genes joined together like beads on a string.
What determines the order in which amino acids are put together?
The order of the base code determines the order in which amino acids are put together.
What do proteins help determine?
Proteins help determine the size, shape, color, and other traits of an organism.
What is the main effect of mutations?
The main effect is that mutations are a source of genetic variety.
What is the name of the protein that eukaryotes interact with?
Chromatin of eukaryotes is organized into repeating interactions with protein octomers called nucleosomes. Nucleosomes are composed of which class of molecules?
Why are histones important?
Histones represent one of the most conserved molecules in nature because they are involved in a fundamental and important function relating to chromosome structure. Mutations are probably lethal. Since all antibody-producing organisms have essentially the same histones, it would be difficult to find an organism that produces histone antibodies, for to do so would be self-destructive.
How many types of histones are in nucleosomes?
Nucleosomes are made of two each of four types of histones.
What is the name of the histone that is found in nucleosomes?
Nucleosomes are composed of four different histone molecules, each of which exists twice, thus forming an octomer. Histone H1 is between nucleosomes and is associated with linker DNA.
What are the amino acids that are charged by histones?
Histones contain large amounts of positively charged amino acids such as lysine and arginine. Thus, they can bind electrostatically to the negatively charged phosphate groups of nucleotides. Nucleosomes are composed of all histones except H1.
How much of the genome is highly repetitive?
About 5% to 10% of a mammalian genome is highly repetitive; about 30% is moderately repetitive. Briefly describe the makeup of VNTRs (variable number tandem repeats). VNTRs are repeating DNA sequences of about 15 to 100 base pairs long that are found within and between genes.
How much of the human genome is repetitive?
About 5% to 10% of a mammalian genome is highly repetitive; about 30% is moderately repetitive.
What is the function of genes?
The main function of genes is to control the production in an organism's cells.
What is a gene in DNA?
A gene is a section of a DNA molecule that contains the information to code for one specific protein. A gene is made up of a series of bases in a row, in a specific order - for example ATGACGTA.
What information is used to make a protein?
During Protein Synthesis, the cell uses information from a gene on a chromosome on to make a protein.
What are chromosomes made of?
Chromosomes are made up of many genes joined together like beads on a string.
What determines the order in which amino acids are put together?
The order of the base code determines the order in which amino acids are put together.
What do proteins help determine?
Proteins help determine the size, shape, color, and other traits of an organism.
What is the main effect of mutations?
The main effect is that mutations are a source of genetic variety.
