What does TTG stand for?
TTG: Tripod Technology Group, Inc: TTG: Twin Turbo Gallardo (automobile) TTG: The Timothy ...
What does TTG stand for in slang?
“Ttg” is one of the abbreviations used in rap, which has a long meaning. This term could mean “trained to go,” which means that someone is well-equipped or well-prepared to fight. “Trained to go” could also mean that something is ready to serve.
What does the name TTG mean?
“Ttg” is one of the abbreviations used in rap, which has a long meaning. This term could mean “trained to go,” which means that someone is well-equipped or well-prepared to fight. “Trained to go” could also mean that something is ready to serve.
What else causes elevated TTG?
…amounts of gluten, possibly from cross-contamination, which are raising antibodies but not enough to trigger a tTG or a mucosal response. Basically, in either case you shouldn’t worry too much…. FAQ: How does one rule out other possible causes of the positive tTG blood test?
What is the TG line?
What is a bump in a trochlear groove?
Why is TT-TG distance important?
Which side of the tibial tubercle is abnormally shifted?
Where is the red line on a femur?
What is a 3D CT scan?
How is TT-TG measured?
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What is normal TTTG?
Conclusion. This study shows that MRI is a reliable method in the assessment of TTTG. The normal TTTG value for both males and females is 10 ± 1 mm.
What is TTTG in knee?
Patellar translation can be measured using the tibial tuberosity to trochlear groove distance (TT-TG distance) by calculating the transverse length between the trochlear groove on the femur and tibial tuberosity on axial images. The measurements are used to quantify patellar instability.
How is TT-TG distance MRI measured?
Draw a line along the posterior femoral condyles, and then draw the following lines perpendicular to this line: bisecting the tibial tuberosity (TT) bisecting the trochlear groove sulcus (TG) measure the distance between TT and TG = TT-TG distance.
What is tibial tubercle Trochlear groove distance?
Tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is a measurement generally made on CT scans that is commonly used to quantify the risk of patellofemoral instability (PFI); however, its interrater reliability and accuracy as an indicator of PFI in patients is poorly characterized.
How does high Q angle cause knee pain?
The commonly held conception is as follows: a greater Q angle will put more strain on the knees. Because the quadriceps muscles end up pulling the knee cap (patella) away from its natural 'groove. ' This patella maltracking is thought to cause friction against structures under the knee.
How do you fix the Q angle of the knee?
The most effective way to decrease a high Q angle and to lower the biomechanical stresses on the knee joint is to prevent excessive pronation with custom-made functional orthotics. One study found that using soft corrective orthotics was more effective in reducing knee pain than was a traditional exercise program.
What is maximum TE in MRI?
In clinical practice: TE is always shorter than TR. A short TR = value approximately equal to the average T1 value, usually lower than 500 ms. A long TR = 3 times the short TR, usually greater than 1500 ms. A short TE is usually lower than 30 ms.
What is minimum TE in MRI?
Generally, TE is selected to be the minimum allowable for a given pulse sequence. On modern scanners, this usually translates to TE's on the order of 3-7 ms. Gradient-moment nulling can be used to overcome some of these spin-phase losses, but this will increase the minimum TE slightly.
What is T2 TRA in MRI?
T2 (transverse relaxation time) is the time constant which determines the rate at which excited protons reach equilibrium or go out of phase with each other. It is a measure of the time taken for spinning protons to lose phase coherence among the nuclei spinning perpendicular to the main field.
How does the trochlear groove help the knee joint?
In most knees, there is a groove on the end of the femur, called the trochlea, in which the kneecap sits. This provides a certain amount of bony stability to the kneecap joint to prevent it from sliding, mainly to the outside.
How do you fix shallow trochlear groove?
Trochleoplasty involves either lengthening the walls of the trochlear groove or deepening the groove by removing bone or any abnormal bony growths. You may sometimes need additional surgical procedures such as ligament reconstruction to improve the outcome.
Is a tibial tubercle osteotomy painful?
You may have minimal to moderate knee discomfort for several days or weeks after the surgery. Oral pain medications will be prescribed that helps control your pain. Keep the operated leg elevated and apply ice bag over the area for 20 minutes. This decrease swelling as well as pain.
What is a MPFL repair?
What is MPFL reconstruction? Medial patella-femoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is a surgical procedure used to correct recurring kneecap dislocation. MPFL reconstruction uses a tissue graft to reconstruct the ligament and hold the kneecap in the correct position on the femur.
What is Gardener's knee?
What is Gardener's Knee? Prepatellar bursitis, commonly called gardener's knee or housemaid's knee is a condition caused by the inflammation of the prepatellar bursa–a small fluid-filled area that sits on the front of your knee cap. This condition is common in people who spend a lot of time kneeling.
What is normal patella tracking?
This measurement is the ratio of the patellar tendon length compared to the patellar height with the knee bent to around 30 degrees. A ratio of around 1.0 is considered normal.
Is patellar dislocation painful?
Patellar dislocation is usually an acute injury caused by impact or by a sudden turn and twist. Like any dislocation, it is painful and debilitating until it is corrected.
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What does TG mean in a tibial tendon?
TG = trochlear groove, and for the measurement it is identified at its deepest point. TT = tibial tubercle, where the tendon attaches.
What is the normal TT-TG Distance?
It is normally about 9mm, and if it´s more than 15-20mm then it means that the alignment of the groove with the tendon attachment is poor, tending to pull the kneecap over to the outer side.
What is TT-TG distance?
Tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is a measure of lateralization of the tibial tuberosity in relation to femoral trochlea. Many studies have confirmed that lateralization of the tuberosity is linked to patellar instability, thus TT-TG is an important parameter for evaluation of patellofemoral disorders.1,2,3,4)However, the degree of lateralization that may contribute to actual dislocation varies among studies.2,3,4)Alemparte et al.5)studied healthy volunteers and found that normal values for TT-TG were 13.6 ± 8.8 mm, indicative of large variation. Dejour et al.2)reported that the TT-TG in the control group was 12.7 ± 3.4 mm and > 20 mm in pathological cases. Thus, there is reportedly a high degree of variability in the normal TT-TG values and furthermore, some methods of measurement are complicated with significant intra- and interobserver measurement errors.6,7)
Why is tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove important?
Tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is important in the assessment and treatment of patellofemoral disorders. However, normal and pathological TT-TG values have not been established in Koreans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the TT-TG distance in the Korean population using lower leg rotational profile computed tomography (CT) scans.
How to measure TT-TG?
TT-TG was measured using a Light Speed Plus (General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with a scan time of 0.5 second and 2.5 mm slice thickness. The X-ray tube voltage was 120 kV with a scan exposure of 250 mA. Each subject was examined in a supine position during CT examination. The TT-TG distance was assessed according to Schoettle et al.9)The first transverse craniocaudal image that depicted a complete cartilaginous trochlea was used to determine the deepest point within the trochlear groove. A line was drawn through the deepest point of the trochlear groove, perpendicular to the posterior condylar tangent. A second line was drawn in parallel to the trochlear line through the most anterior portion of the tibial tubercle. The distance between the 2 lines represented the TT-TG distance (Fig. 1).
How far is TT-TG in Korean?
In conclusion, the TT-TG distance in normal Korean people is approximately 10.24 mm with no statistically significant difference in the median TT-TG distance between genders.
How many rotational profile CT scans were retrospectively collected from patients without knee joint problems?
One hundred rotational profile CT scans were retrospectively collected from patients without knee joint problems aged between 25 to 82 years. TT-TG distances were measured, and statistical analysis was performed. Each CT scan was measured twice in a blinded, randomized manner by three reviewers. Patients with pre-existing knee joint problems were excluded from the study; hence 15 of the 100 patients were excluded because of deformity or unreadable CT scans. Thus, 85 of the 100 patients were included in the study.
Is Q angle correlated between male and female?
Reports of the normal ranges of the Q angle are varied with slight differences between male and female. 11)Our findings were in agreement with this observation. However, in our study, despite the differences in Q angle between female and male patients, the TT-TG of female and male patients were not significantly correlated. Biedert and Warnke12)reported similar results in their study of 56 knees with patello-femoral pain.
How far is a TT-TG?
Analysis of MRIs reveals increased TT-TG distance of 21.36 mm in a patient with repeated patellar dislocation (left), compared to TT-TG distance of 10.49 mm in a patient without patellar dislocation (right).
Is MRI smaller than CT?
MRI measures, however, are known to be consistently smaller than those obtained with CT. 2 Therefore, the threshold defined by Dejour cannot be applied to patients for whom MRI was performed.
Is there a threshold for TT-TG distance?
No clear thresholds currently exist for defining TT-TG distances, using MRI, that predict repeated patellar dislocation . Dr. Sherbondy notes, “There are no large epidemiological studies that definitively characterize TT-TG distance in the general population and in clinical populations like patients with repeated patellar dislocation.”
What is TTTG?
TTTG is the Traditional Tools Group; a not-for-profit group of like-minded enthusiasts interested in the history and preservation of traditional trade skills, techniques and tools, including hand tools, machinery and other old technologies. TTTG was established in 1992.
What is a real skills workshop?
“Real Skills” workshops have been held every year since 2005. These popular fee-based workshops, open to all, are designed to guide participants in developing their tool skills and learning and practising new techniques.
How often is TTTG magazine published?
The TTTG magazine, creatively titled "NEWS", is published in digital form four times a year. Membership of the Traditional Tools Group is open to anyone with an interest in traditional tools history, techniques and skills.
What is the TG line?
The vertical line would be the TG line, since TG means 'trochlear groove'. So the TG line marks the deepest point of the trochlear groove on the femur underneath the patella. If a second slice was taken through the highest point of the tibial tubercle - where the patellar tendon attaches....
What is a bump in a trochlear groove?
Trochlear Dysplasia is a disorder of the shape of the trochlear groove in which there is flattening and usually asymmetry of the groove - with a sort of raised 'bump' on one side, and the deepest part of the groove shifted over to the other side.
Why is TT-TG distance important?
In assessing a patient with patellar instability, calculation of TT-TG Distance becomes particularly important when we doctors need to objectively document the extent to which the dysplasia may be affecting patellar stability.
Which side of the tibial tubercle is abnormally shifted?
A very important thing to note - actually one of the most important things with trochlear dysplasia - is that it is usually the groove that is abnormally shifted towards the inner ( medial) side rather than the tibial tubercle being rotated outwards (laterally) - which only seldom occurs.
Where is the red line on a femur?
A line (see the red lines) could be drawn on the slice at the back of the rounded bits of the femur ( the posterior condylar line), and a second line could drawn perpendicularly from the deepest part of the groove under the patella (trochlear groove) to meet the other.
What is a 3D CT scan?
CT and MRI are 3-dimensional scan s, which allow thin digital 'slices' of imaging information to be viewed and manipulated. Because the original scan is taken in three dimensions, the computer can 'reconstruct' views from any angle, or can overlap slices from different parts of the knee.
How is TT-TG measured?
How TT-TG distance is measured. Although originally the measurements were taken from an X-ray taken with the knees bent to 30 degrees, nowadays it is always (and more accurately) derived from CT or MRI scans of the patient's knee.
