what meds can cause nms

Which medications cause NMS?

The primary trigger of NMS is dopamine receptor blockade and the standard causative agent is an antipsychotic. Potent typical neuroleptics such as haloperidol, fluphenazine, chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine, and prochlorperazine have been most frequently associated with NMS and thought to confer the greatest risk.

What psych meds cause NMS?

Several of the more commonly prescribed neuroleptics include thioridazine, haloperidol, chlorpromazine, fluphenazine and perphenazine. The syndrome is characterized by high fever, stiffness of the muscles, altered mental status (paranoid behavior), and autonomic dysfunction.

Can antidepressants cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

An antidepressant-induced NMS is a very rare complication on the basis of pretreatment with neuroleptics causing chronic dopamine blockade and elevated plasma level of neuroleptics due to comedicated antidepressants.

Which medication poses the greatest risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

NMS is usually caused by antipsychotic drug use, and a wide range of drugs can result in NMS. Individuals using butyrophenones (such as haloperidol and droperidol) or phenothiazines (such as promethazine and chlorpromazine) are reported to be at greatest risk.

Can gabapentin cause NMS?

Among the three fatal cases of NMS, two cases used more than one neuroleptic agents and a 76-year-old woman with Parkinson's disease used no neuroleptic medication, but NMS developed in association with withdrawal of levodopa and multi-drug use consisting of amitriptyline, pramipexole, gabapentin and paroxetine.Nov 27, 2017

What are the risk factors for NMS?

Factors associated with NMS include organic brain disorders; psychomotor agitation; dehydration; febrile disorders; use of newly introduced, high-potency neuroleptics; intramuscular drug administration; and use of depot medications.Feb 20, 2003

Can Seroquel cause NMS?

Conclusions: NMS with associated EPS has been previously associated with quetiapine. Clinicians should be aware that NMS with EPS can occur with quetiapine at steady state doses without recent dosage adjustments or titration.

Can SSRIs cause NMS?

SSRIs may cause NMS by their facilitative action on neurotransmitter serotonin along with central dopaminergic blockade. Addition of SSRI to second-generation antipsychotic is also reported to increase the risk of NMS by inhibiting dopamine release by SSRIs.Feb 14, 2018

Can Zoloft cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Here we present a case of 19-year-old man who experienced serotonin syndrome caused by sertraline intake, and consecutive neuroleptic malignant syndrome by risperidone. This case suggests that these two syndromes can be concomitantly induced in some patients who are susceptible to these drugs.

What is NMS medical?

INTRODUCTION Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening neurologic emergency associated with the use of antipsychotic (neuroleptic) agents and characterized by a distinctive clinical syndrome of mental status change, rigidity, fever, and dysautonomia.May 31, 2019

Why do antipsychotics cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

The most widely accepted mechanism by which antipsychotics cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome is that of dopamine D2 receptor antagonism. In this model, central D2 receptor blockade in the hypothalamus, nigrostriatal pathways, and spinal cord leads to increased muscle rigidity and tremor via extrapyramidal pathways.Dec 7, 2020

How do you test for NMS?

No laboratory test result is diagnostic for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)....Approach ConsiderationsComplete blood count (CBC)Blood cultures.Liver function tests (LFTs)Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels.Calcium and phosphate levels.Creatine kinase (CK) level.Serum iron level.Urine myoglobin level.More items...•Dec 7, 2020