Full Answer
What was the result of the Chinese Civil War?
The Civil War resulted in a major revolution in China, with the Communists gaining control of mainland China and establishing the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, forcing the Republic of China to retreat to Taiwan. A lasting political and military standoff between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait ensued,...
What was the ten-year civil war in China?
This marked the beginning of a ten-year armed struggle, known in mainland China as the "Ten-Year Civil War" (十年内战) which ended with the Xi'an Incident when Chiang Kai-shek was forced to form the Second United Front against invading forces from the Empire of Japan.
What is the war of liberation in China?
As postwar negotiations between the Nationalist government in Nanjing and the Communist Party failed, the civil war between these two parties resumed. This stage of war is referred to in mainland China and Communist historiography as the "War of Liberation" (Chinese: 解放战争; pinyin: Jiěfàng Zhànzhēng).
Who was involved in the Chinese Civil War?
Chinese Civil War. Written By: Chinese Civil War, (1945–49), military struggle for control of China waged between the Nationalists (Kuomintang) under Chiang Kai-shek and the Communists under Mao Zedong.
What was the outcome of China's civil war?
The Communists gained control of mainland China and established the People's Republic of China in 1949, forcing the leadership of the Republic of China to retreat to the island of Taiwan.
What was the outcome of the civil war in China quizlet?
In 1949, what was the outcome of the civil war in China? Mao and his people won changing it to a communist nation and renaming it the People's Republic of China.
What was the outcome of the Chinese revolution?
In October of 1911, a group of revolutionaries in southern China led a successful revolt against the Qing Dynasty, establishing in its place the Republic of China and ending the imperial system.
What was the outcome of the civil war in Korea?
What was the outcome of the war? Korean Civil War: The U.S. recaptured South Korea and proceeded to fight until the Soviet Union suggested a truce in June 1951, and a year later negotiations were settled and the war was over.
How did the outcome of the Chinese Civil War affect American politics quizlet?
How did the outcome of the Chinese civil war affect American politics? People blamed the American govt as having communist that helped China. How did Korea become divided after WW2? North Korea surrendered to the Soviets and South Korea surrendered to the Americans.
What was the main cause of the Chinese Civil War?
The Chinese Civil War (Chinese ; 中国内战) (Russian ; Гражданская Война в Китае) was a civil war fought from 1927 to 1949 because of differences in thinking between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Kuomintang (KMT, or Chinese Nationalist Party). The war was a fight for legitimacy of the government of China.
Who won the Chinese Revolution?
Militarily, the revolution culminated with the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949) as the People's Liberation Army decisively defeated the Republic of China Army, bringing an end to over two decades of intermittent warfare between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP, or Communists) and the Kuomintang (KMT, or Nationalists).
Why did the Chinese empire fall?
In the late ninth century a disastrous harvest precipitated by drought brought famine to China under the rule of the Tang dynasty. By A.D. 907—after nearly three centuries of rule—the dynasty fell when its emperor, Ai, was deposed, and the empire was divided.
Does China still have a royal family?
China was a monarchy from prehistoric times up to 1912 CE, when the Xinhai Revolution overthrew the Qing dynasty in favor of the Republic of China.
Who did the US back in China's civil war?
Japanese surrender set the stage for the resurgence of civil war in China. Though only nominally democratic, the Nationalist Government of Chiang Kai-shek continued to receive U.S. support both as its former war ally and as the sole option for preventing Communist control of China.
Did China win the Korean War?
Beijing claims the CPV won the war, but this is as phony as the claim that the Chinese troops were “volunteers” rather than regular units of the PLA. Mao and Kim did not fulfill their goal of conquering the peninsula, and barely kept Kim from paying the full price for starting the war by losing control of the north.
Why didn't US win the Korean War?
The US had just defeated 1 Axis power and contributed greatly to the defeat of another. Its soldiers saw wide ranging combat experience over the 3 years in conflict against veteran soldiers of Germany and Japan. Both Axis powers also have much higher technical expertise and industrial output than North Korea or China.
How did the Communists win the Chinese Civil War quizlet?
The Communists were skilled at using newspapers, radio, and films to spread communist propaganda. They prevented looting and crime in the cities and controlled the distribution of food fairly. This was a huge contrast, for the people in cities, to the way the GMD forces controlled their areas.
Why did the Nationalists lose the civil war in China quizlet?
Why did the Nationalist party lose the civil war against the communists? Corruption of leaders who took US money from their own interests, Nationalists did little for the collapsing Chinese economy, and the Nationalist army was poorly trained and was no match for the well-trained Red forces and fled to Taiwan.
What leader won China's civil war and what name did he give to the country?
The Chinese Revolution of 1949. On October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
What happened to the Nationalists after the civil war quizlet?
What happened to the Nationalists after the Civil War? They were driven out of mainland China. had the right to take control of Western Europe. What was one negative effect of the end of communism in Czechoslovakia?
What was the Chinese Civil War?
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war in China fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China (ROC) and forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) lasting intermittently between 1927 and 1949. The war is generally divided into two phases with an interlude: from August 1927 to 1937, ...
How many people died in the Chinese Civil War?
Benjamin Valentino has estimated atrocities in the Chinese Civil War resulted in the death of between 1.8 million and 3.5 million people between 1927 and 1949.
What was the Kuomintang's response to the land reform campaign?
In response to the aforementioned land reform campaign; the Kuomintang helped establish the "Huanxiang Tuan" ( 還鄉團 ), or Homecoming Legion, which was composed of landlords who sought the return of their redistributed land and property from peasants and CCP guerrillas, as well as forcibly conscripted peasants and communist POWs. The Homecoming legion conducted its guerrilla warfare campaign against CCP forces and purported collaborators up until the end of the civil war in 1949.
What was the name of the civil war between the Communist Party and the Nationalist government in China?
This stage of war is referred to in mainland China and Communist historiography as the "War of Liberation" (Chinese: 解放战争; pinyin: Jiěfàng Zhànzhēng ).
How long did the Huaihai campaign last?
The Pingjin Campaign resulted in the Communist conquest of northern China. It lasted 64 days, from 21 November 1948 to 31 January 1949.
What was the alliance between the CCP and the KMT?
The alliance of CCP and KMT was in name only. Unlike the KMT forces, C CP troops shunned conventional warfare and instead waged guerrilla warfare against the Japanese. The level of actual cooperation and coordination between the CCP and KMT during World War II was minimal.
How many people were in the Long March?
Of the 90,000–100,000 people who began the Long March from the Soviet Chinese Republic, only around 7,000–8,000 made it to Shaanxi.
Who won the Chinese Civil War?
In October of 1949, the Communists and Zedong claimed victory. That same month, Chairman Mao declared China was now the People's Republic of China (PRC) and he was their leader. The Chinese Civil War was significant in many ways, for Asia and the rest of the modern world.
What happened after WWII?
The world went through many different changes after WWII ended. A new world order ushered in a reconfiguration of power behind two new superpowers. The Allied Powers emerged victorious from WWII, but not united. The new struggle between the two became known as the Cold War and pitted communism against democracy.
Why did Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong end their alliance?
This alliance ended in 1946 because the two men never really trusted each other due to years of acrimony and a de facto war status between them. By 1947, the Communists had the advantage even though the Nationalists received funding from the Truman administration.
What superpower ended WWII?
One superpower was the United States, who had ended WWII by starting the nuclear age, unleashing weaponry on Japan the likes of which the world had never seen. To provide protection for democratic allies of the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) formed, dedicated to eradicating communist governments from existence.
Why did China get freed from the Japanese?
With Japan defeated following WWII and under American occupation, China was freed from their empire to determine her own destiny. During the 1920s, the Nationalists and the Communists had worked together during a period of Japanese aggression, but by 1945, the two groups did battle to grab as much land and territory left vacant by the Japanese as they could. During these years, 1945 through 1946, the Communists and the Nationalists fought the first battles of a civil war that was just picking up steam.
Which war did the Nationalists win?
Early in the civil war, the Nationalists won major battles like the taking of the Communist capital of Yan'an in 1947. However, by 1948, the tide of the war had changed with the Communists taking the upper hand in repeated victories like the Huaihai Campaign.
Who led the Chinese Nationalists?
In this environment, countries across Europe and Asia chose a side. Chiang Kai-shek led the Chinese Nationalists who mirrored the ideals of the western world and the U.S., and tried to set up a government in that image. Mao Zedong led the Communists who were allied with the Soviets and provided them aid in their struggle to rule China.
What was the Chinese Civil War?from en.wikipedia.org
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war in China fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China (ROC) and forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) lasting intermittently between 1927 and 1949. The war is generally divided into two phases with an interlude: from August 1927 to 1937, ...
How many people died in the Chinese Civil War?from en.wikipedia.org
Benjamin Valentino has estimated atrocities in the Chinese Civil War resulted in the death of between 1.8 million and 3.5 million people between 1927 and 1949.
Why were both superpowers wary of using their nuclear weapons against each other?from britannica.com
The conflict showed that both superpowers were wary of using their nuclear weapons against each other for fear of mutual atomic annihilation. The signing of the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty followed in 1963, which banned aboveground nuclear weapons testing.
What was the Cuban missile crisis?from britannica.com
This sparked the Cuban missile crisis (1962), a confrontation that brought the two superpowers to the brink of war before an agreement was reached to withdraw the missiles. Cuban missile crisis. Aerial photograph of Medium Range Ballistic Missile (MRBM) Launch Site 1 near San Cristóbal, Cuba, taken on October 25, 1962.
Why did the US and Soviet Union not use nuclear weapons?from britannica.com
The Cuban missile crisis showed that neither the United States nor the Soviet Union were ready to use nuclear weapons for fear of the other’s retaliation (and thus of mutual atomic annihilation). The two superpowers soon signed the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty of 1963, which banned aboveground nuclear weapons testing.
What happened in 1962?from britannica.com
In 1962 the Soviet Union began to secretly install missiles in Cuba to launch attacks on U.S. cities. The confrontation that followed, known as the Cuban missile crisis, brought the two superpowers to the brink of war before an agreement was reached to withdraw the missiles.
What was the Kuomintang's response to the land reform campaign?from en.wikipedia.org
In response to the aforementioned land reform campaign; the Kuomintang helped establish the "Huanxiang Tuan" ( 還鄉團 ), or Homecoming Legion, which was composed of landlords who sought the return of their redistributed land and property from peasants and CCP guerrillas, as well as forcibly conscripted peasants and communist POWs. The Homecoming legion conducted its guerrilla warfare campaign against CCP forces and purported collaborators up until the end of the civil war in 1949.
What prevented the Americans from using all of their resources to win the war?
policy of limited warfare prevented the Americans from using all of their resources to win
Why did the Soviet Union free these nations?
the Soviet Union saw the freeing of these nations as the means to get aid from the West
How many people died in the nuclear accident in 1986?
In April 1986, a nuclear reactor accident at ______________________ killed 23 people
Overview
Resumed fighting (1946–1949)
By the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the power of the Communist Party grew considerably. Their main force grew to 1.2 million troops, backed with additional militia of 2 million, totalling 3.2 million troops. Their "Liberated Zone" in 1945 contained 19 base areas, including one-quarter of the country's territory and one-third of its population; this included many important towns an…
Background
Following the collapse of the Qing dynasty and the 1911 Revolution, Sun Yat-sen assumed the presidency of the newly formed Republic of China, and was shortly thereafter succeeded by Yuan Shikai. Yuan was frustrated in a short-lived attempt to restore monarchy in China, and China fell into power struggle after his death in 1916.
The Kuomintang (KMT), led by Sun Yat-sen, created a new government in Guangzhou to rival the …
Communist insurgency (1927–1937)
On 1 August 1927, the Communist Party launched an uprising in Nanchang against the Nationalist government in Wuhan. This conflict led to the creation of the Red Army. On 4 August, the main forces of the Red Army left Nanchang and headed southwards for an assault on Guangdong. Nationalist forces quickly reoccupied Nanchang while the remaining members of the CCP in Nanchang went into hiding. A CCP meeting on 7 August confirmed the objective of the party wa…
Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)
During Japan's invasion and occupation of Manchuria, Chiang Kai-shek saw the CCP as the greater threat. Chiang refused to ally with the CCP, preferring to unite China by eliminating the warlord and CCP forces first. He believed his forces were too weak to face the Japanese Imperial Army; only after unification could the KMT mobilize against Japan. He ignored the Chinese people's disco…
Immediate post-war clashes (1945–1946)
Under the terms of the Japanese unconditional surrender dictated by the Allies, Japanese troops were to surrender to KMT troops but not to the CCP, which was present in some of the occupied areas. In Manchuria, however, where the KMT had no forces, the Japanese surrendered to the Soviet Union. Chiang Kai-shek reminded Japanese troops to remain at their posts to receive the KMT, b…
Aftermath and unsolved issues (1949–present)
Most observers expected Chiang's government to eventually fall to the imminent invasion of Taiwan by the People's Liberation Army, and the US was initially reluctant in offering full support for Chiang in their final stand. US President Harry S. Truman announced on 5 January 1950 that the United States would not engage in any dispute involving the Taiwan Strait, and that he would not interv…
Reasons for the Communist victory
The historian Rana Mitter concluded that the Nationalist government in 1945 had been "fundamentally destroyed by the war with Japan."
Historian Odd Arne Westad says the Communists won the Civil War because they made fewer military mistakes than Chiang Kai-shek and also because in his search for a powerful centralized government, Chiang antagonized too many interest groups in China. Furthermore, his party wa…