When did Samuel de Champlain voyage take place?
In 1605 and 1606, Champlain explored the North American coast as far south as Cape Cod, searching for sites for a permanent settlement.
How many voyages did Champlain go on?
They accepted, and between 1599 and 1601, Champlain made three voyages for Spain to her American colonies. During these years, he visited several places, including the Virgin Islands and other Caribbean islands, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Panama. Along the way he recorded much of his journey.
What was Samuel de Champlain first voyage?
In 1603, Champlain made his first trip to North America, to the St. Lawrence River to explore and establish a French colony. In 1604, he returned to northeastern Canada, and over the next four years became the first to map the North Atlantic Coast....Document Number:AJ-115Citable URL:www.americanjourneys.org/aj-115/4 more rows
Who did Samuel de Champlain sail for?
In 1602 or thereabouts, Henry IV of France appointed Champlain as hydrographer royal. Aymar de Chaste, governor of Dieppe in Northern France, had obtained a monopoly of the fur trade and set up a trading post at Tadoussac. He invited Champlain to join an expedition he was sending there.
What places did Samuel de Champlain explore?
Known as the “Father of New France,” Champlain founded Quebec (1608), one of the oldest cities in what is now Canada, and consolidated French colonies. He also made important explorations of what is now northern New York, the Ottawa River, and the eastern Great Lakes.
Where did Samuel de Champlain start his journey?
Samuel de Champlain began his journey up the Ottawa River, passing through the Lac des Népissingues (Lake Nipissing), the Rivière des Français (French River) and the great Lac Attigouautau (Lake Huron). He arrived among the Hurons on 1 August.
What are some fun facts about Samuel de Champlain?
Samuel de Champlain | 10 Facts About The French Explorer#1 Samuel was born in a family of mariners.#2 His first major voyage was with his uncle on the ship Saint-Julien.#3 He served in King Henry's court as a geographer.#4 He first landed in North America in 1603.#5 Champlain is known as 'The Father of New France'More items...•
Where did Champlain settle?
QuebecAnswer and Explanation: Samuel de Champlain would eventually settle in Quebec, New France after decades leading explorations.
Why is Samuel de Champlain significant?
He was key to French expansion in the New World. Known as the “Father of New France,” Champlain founded Quebec (1608), one of the oldest cities in...
What was Samuel de Champlain’s early life like?
He was born about 1567 in Brouage, France, a seaport on the Atlantic coast. While little is known of his childhood, he stated that at a young age h...
How did Samuel de Champlain die?
He died of a stroke on December 25, 1635, in Quebec, New France.
Who Was Samuel de Champlain?
French explorer Samuel de Champlain began exploring North America in 1603, establishing the city of Quebec in the northern colony of New France, and mapping the Atlantic coast and the Great Lakes, before settling into an administrative role as the de facto governor of New France in 1620.
What did Champlain discover?
The group sailed up the St. Lawrence and Saguenay rivers and explored the Gaspé Peninsula, ultimately arriving in Montreal. Although Champlain had no official role or title on the expedition, he proved his mettle by making uncanny predictions about the network of lakes and other geographic features of the region.
Where did Champlain go on his voyage?
Given his usefulness on Du Pont's voyage, the following year Champlain was chosen to be geographer on an expedition to Acadia led by Lieutenant-General Pierre Du Gua de Monts. They landed in May on the southeast coast of what is now Nova Scotia and Champlain was asked to choose a location for a temporary settlement.
What was Champlain's first battle?
When they arrived in June 1608, they constructed a fort in what is now Quebec City. Quebec would soon become the hub for French fur trading. The following summer, Champlain fought the first major battle against the Iroquois, cementing a hostile relationship that would last for more than a century.
When did Champlain establish Quebec?
Establishing Quebec. In 1608, Champlain was named lieutenant to de Monts, and they set off on another expedition up the St. Lawrence. When they arrived in June 1608, they constructed a fort in what is now Quebec City. Quebec would soon become the hub for French fur trading.
When did Champlain retire?
Champlain returned to be its governor. By this time, however, his health was failing and he was forced to retire in 1633. He died in Quebec on Christmas Day in 1635.
When did Champlain and his team sail down the coast of New England?
In the summer of 1605, the team sailed down the coast of New England as far south as Cape Cod. Although a few British explorers had navigated the terrain before, Champlain was the first to give a precise and detailed accounting of the region that would one day become Plymouth Rock.
Who was Samuel de Champlain?
13 August 1567 – 25 December 1635) was a French colonist, navigator, cartographer, draftsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He made between 21 and 29 trips across the Atlantic Ocean, and founded Quebec, and New France, on 3 July 1608. An important figure in Canadian history, Champlain created the first accurate coastal map during his explorations, and founded various colonial settlements.
What did Samuel Champlain learn?
Born into a family of mariners (both his father and uncle-in-law were sailors, or navigators), Samuel Champlain learned to navigate, draw, make nautical charts, and write practical reports. His education did not include Ancient Greek or Latin, so he did not read or learn from any ancient literature.
How many chiefs did Champlain kill?
In a battle that began the next day, two hundred and fifty Haudenosaunee advanced on Champlain's position, and one of his guides pointed out the three chiefs. In his account of the battle, Champlain recounts firing his arquebus and killing two of them with a single shot, after which one of his men killed the third.
How did Champlain die?
Champlain had a severe stroke in October 1635, and died on 25 December, leaving no immediate heirs. Jesuit records state he died in the care of his friend and confessor Charles Lallemant.
What did Champlain order his men to do?
Upon arriving in Quebec, Champlain later wrote: "I arrived there on the 3rd of July, when I searched for a place suitable for our settlement; but I could find none more convenient or better suited than the point of Quebec, so called by the savages, which was covered with nut-trees." Champlain ordered his men to gather lumber by cutting down the nut-trees for use in building habitations.
What tribes were represented in the engraving of the Battle of Lake Champlain?
Engraving based on a drawing by Champlain of his 1609 voyage. It depicts a battle between Iroquois and Algonquian tribes near Lake Champlain
Where did Champlain fight the Haudenosaunee?
On 29 July, somewhere in the area near Ticonderoga and Crown Point, New York (historians are not sure which of these two places, but Fort Ticonderoga historians claim that it occurred near its site), Champlain and his party encountered a group of Haudenosaunee. In a battle that began the next day, two hundred and fifty Haudenosaunee advanced on Champlain's position, and one of his guides pointed out the three chiefs. In his account of the battle, Champlain recounts firing his arquebus and killing two of them with a single shot, after which one of his men killed the third. The Haudenosaunee turned and fled. This action set the tone for poor French-Iroquois relations for the rest of the century.
What was Samuel de Champlain's last voyage?
This discovery would be his last great voyage of exploration. He would spend the next years of his life trying to re-establish and maintain his authority in New France. Later Years and Death. Samuel de Champlain returned to France in July 1616 where he learned his title of lieutenant had been taken away.
Where did Champlain travel?
During these years, he visited several places, including the Virgin Islands and other Caribbean islands, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Panama. Along the way he recorded much of his journey.
How long did Champlain serve in the army?
In 1593, Champlain served in the army of Henry of Navarre – also known as King Henry IV of France. He served in the army for 5 years, until King Henry’s and France’s victory in 1598.
What was Champlain known for?
He is best known for establishing the first French settlement in the Canadian territory, and founding the city of Quebec. Because of this, Champlain became known as the “Father of New France.”1. Biography.
What was the goal of Samuel de Champlain?
Once again, the goal was to start a new French colony. Champlain found an area on the shores of the St. Lawrence river and began constructing a fort and other buildings. In July 1608, Samuel de Champlain and his men created the first successful French colony in New France.
Where was Samuel de Champlain born?
Biography. Early Life. Samuel de Champlain was born in the French village Brouage in the Province of Saintonge. Historians do not know his exact date of birth, but most agree it was between 1567 and 1570.2 His father was Antoine Champlain and his mother was Marguerite Le Roy.
When did Champlain return to New France?
The King agreed, and Champlain returned to New France again in 1620. He spent the rest of his life focusing on governing and growing the territory rather than exploration. In 1628, Champlain became the deputy of the “Company One Hundred Associates” organized by Cardinal Richelieu to colonize New France.
Who was Samuel de Champlain?
Samuel de Champlain, cartographer, explorer, colonial administrator, author (born circa 1567 in Brouage, France; died 25 December 1635 in Quebec City).
Where did Champlain land?
Champlain landed in Canada in 1603, on a voyage up the St. Lawrence River with François Gravé du Pont. At the time, Champlain held no official title. He published an account of this voyage, Des Sauvages, ou, Voyage de Samuel Champlain, in France.
How did Champlain develop his trade network?
Champlain developed a vast trade network by forming and consolidating alliances with the Montagnais of the St. Lawrence , the nations on the Ottawa River, and the Huron of the Great Lakes . These alliances obliged Champlain to support his allies in their wars against the Iroquois, whose territory was to the south of Lake Ontario and into present-day New York. He participated in military campaigns in 1609 (on Lake Champlain ), in 1610 (near Sorel ) and in 1615 (in Iroquois territory). Injured in the third expedition, he was forced to spend the winter of 1615—16 in Huronia. He took advantage of this time to explore the Lake Huron region. He also developed cordial relations with other nations, notably the Odawa and the Nipissing. ( See also Indigenous-French Relations .)
What tribes were represented in the engraving of the Battle of Lake Champlain?
Engraving based on a drawing by Champlain of his 1609 voyage. It depicts a battle between Haudenosaunee and Algonquian tribes near Lake Champlain.
What did Champlain write about?
Champlain left behind a considerable body of writing, largely relating to his voyages. The most important editions of his work are the ones prepared by C.H. Laverdière (1870) and the bilingual edition of H.P. Biggar (1922–36). Champlain’s works are the only written account of New France at the beginning of the 17th century. As a geographer and “artist” (as a factum states), he illustrated his accounts with numerous maps, of which the most important and the last was that of 1632. It includes a list of place names not found on the map as well as unpublished explanations. It presents everything known about North America at that time.
How did Champlain protect the settlement?
Champlain set the men to work felling trees and sawing the logs into boards. They dug ditches and constructed a storehouse and cellar. The settlement included another three main buildings; these two-storey structures were the men’s living quarters. A gallery ran around the outside of the buildings on the second floor. The settlement was protected by ditches, stockades and cannons.
Who was the French colony leader who sailed to Acadia in 1604?
In 1604, Champlain sailed to Acadia with Pierre Dugua de Mons, who planned to establish a French colony there. Champlain had no position of command at either of the Acadian settlements at Ste-Croix or Port-Royal (now Annapolis Royal , Nova Scotia ). As a cartographer, he was tasked with searching the coast for an ideal location for settlement. He also acted as a diplomat in dealings with the Indigenous peoples that Dugua wanted to get to know better.
What was Champlain's last map of New France?from thediscoverblog.com
In 1632, Champlain published his last major map of New France, which was included in his final book, Les Voyages de la Nouvelle France occidentale, dicte Canada. He had been living in France for nearly three years, having been driven out of Quebec by the Kirke brothers in 1629. This updated map contains little new information verified by Champlain himself, as his own explorations came to an end in 1616. He based the revised version on the invaluable information conveyed to him by others, chief among them Étienne Brûlé. Nevertheless, this map represents an important milestone in the history of North American cartography and was widely used by other mapmakers. There are two versions of this map. Among the differences between them are the representation of Bras d’Or Lake or a chain of mountains on Cape Breton Island. Both versions of the map are held by Library and Archives Canada. The first can be seen here:
Who based the Champlain map on?from thediscoverblog.com
He based the revised version on the invaluable information conveyed to him by others, chief among them Étienne Brûlé.
Who published the map of France in 1613?from thediscoverblog.com
Faict len 1612.(e010764733) While back in France in the summer of 1613, Champlain had an engraving made of a second version of a general map that he had begun the previous year, which he also published in his 1613 book.
Who made the map of New France?from thediscoverblog.com
In the fall of 1612, Samuel de Champlain had an engraving of his first detailed map of New France made in Paris. The map contained new geographic information, based on his own explorations from 1603 onward. The site of Montreal is clearly identified.
When was the map of Newfoundland made?from thediscoverblog.com
He also made use of other maps to depict certain regions, including Newfoundland. Although the engraving was made in 1612, the map was not published until the following year as an appendix to Voyages, Champlain’s 1613 account of his journeys.
Why was Champlain rejected as a settlement site?
In Champlain's words, Gloucester was rejected as a settlement site because of “the duplicity of the large native population.” Native American distrust of Champlain's party was, no doubt, a direct result of a century of confrontations with European fishermen and traders who made annual visits to the fishing banks in the summer season. It was also recognized early on that the New England climate would not produce the prime cold-climate furs desired by French fur traders.
Why was the map drawn by Champlain?
Its geographical and ethnographical information mesh with the narrative account of Champlain’s explorations of 1615-1618, which would suggest that the map was drawn by Champlain to illustrate Les voyages of 1619. However, no copy of the book contains the map.
What did Champlain do in 1629?
When Champlain returned to Paris in 1629, negotiations for the restoration of Canada were already in process and he joined in the effort. The veteran explorer addressed the king directly in this memoir, listing his many services to France and his long residence in Canada, vowing himself after thirty years still resolute, eager to convert the heathen, and determined to discover a western passage to the South Sea (the constant dream of 16th and 17th-century European explorers). For good measure he provided a detailed description of the natural resources that could be developed effortlessly for the glory of France. This is perhaps the rarest of Champlain's published writings.
What did Champlain report to the King?
When he returned to France in the fall, Champlain reported his observations on Canada and its peoples to the king, and presented them to the public in his first printed book, Des sauvages, shown here. One concession he made to the public taste for the exotic was his account of the Micmac legend of the gougou, a female beast of enormous size who ate men.
What is the story of Champlain's voyages of 1619?
Champlain’s Voyages of 1619, to the right, carries his story to 1618, with its recounting of arduous exploration, unsuccessful battles against Native Americans, life-threatening wounds, and constant frustration. The map shown here is something of a puzzle.
Why did Canada suffer from a chronic lack of population?
Certainly, the perception of severe weather was a huge image problem, but Canada suffered from a chronic lack of population primarily because the fur monopolists were content with the status quo and not interested in supporting efforts to settle colonists in the territory. The charter shown here was granted by Louis XII to the Company of the Hundred Associates, who were charged with developing Canadian settlements.
What was Samuel de Champlain's role in the French success?
Samuel de Champlain was the single most important factor in the initial success of French attempts at gaining a foothold in America. He spent the majority of his life in New France and devoted considerable energy to its success. He crossed the Atlantic more than twenty times, going back and forth to encourage and maintain support for the venture.
What is Mount Desert Island named after?
In Maine, the federally-protected lands on Mount Desert Island were first named the Sieur De Monts National Monument, then Lafayette National Park (after the Revolutionary War hero), and finally Acadia National Park. A mountain in the park was named after Champlain and a spring after Sieur De Monts. In Nova Scotia, the habitation ...
What is the first detailed map of the Gulf of Maine?
Champlain’s Descr (i)psion des costes - (1607) is the first detailed map of the gulf of Maine. Drafted at Port Royal, the map shows capes, bays, islands, shoals, and rivers along the coast; heights of land useful for navigation; and principal native settlements. Indian guides helped Champlain explore parts of the coast, and also provided information about the interior. Of the French names given to geographical features along the Maine coast, only Mount Desert and Isle au Haut have survived to the present. [ larger version of map]
Where did De Monts and Champlain go on their expedition?
The following summer, De Monts and Champlain took a small expedition southward along the coasts of present-day Maine and Massachusetts as far as Cape Cod. The party entered the Kennebec and Androscoggin rivers, sailed across Cape Cod Bay, and reached Nauset Harbor on the Cape. On their return, De Monts removed the settlement from St. Croix across the Bay of Fundy to a new location at Port-Royal overlooking Annapolis Basin. The habitation built at Port-Royal was a defensive structure that accommodated the colonists, their supplies, and workshops; it was the forerunner of similar trading posts built by the French elsewhere on the continent during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. During the winter of 1605/6, a further twelve men died of scurvy.
When was Acadia settled?
The Settlement of Acadia 1604-1607. In 1604, a French expedition led by merchant venturer Pierre Du Gua, Sieur de Monts, and including geographer and cartographer Samuel de Champlain, arrived off the coast of what is today southwestern Nova Scotia. After exploration of the Bay of Fundy, a settlement was established on Saint Croix Island.
What did Champlain do in 1606?
In the summer of 1606, Champlain worked on his map of the region, as well as explored around the southern tip of Cape Cod. The winter of 1606/7 was much easier, but just as the small colony seemed to be establishing itself, the French crown revoked De Monts’ charter. In the summer of 1607, all the colonists, except a caretaker, left for France. During their four years of colonization, the French had acquired considerable geographical knowledge of the region, traded with native peoples, and shown that arable cultivation was viable.
Why was Saint Croix Island chosen?
Saint Croix Island 1604. The French selected Saint Croix Island because of its good location, safe anchorage, and apparently defensible site. During the summer, houses, stores, and a chapel were hastily erected, while gardens were planted on the island and on a neighboring river bank. However, a bitter winter led to the abandonment ...
What led to the abandonment of the settlement of Saint Croix?
However, a bitter winter led to the abandonment of the settlement. The freezing of the Saint Croix River left the site vulnerable to attack, while a shortage of fresh food led to an outbreak of scurvy and the death of thirty-five men, nearly half of De Monts’ company. The French first settled on Saint Croix Island in the middle ...
Overview
Early travels
In year 3 his uncle-in-law , a navigator whose ship Saint-Julien was to transport Spanish troops to Cádiz pursuant to the Treaty of Vervins, gave Champlain the opportunity to accompany him.
After a difficult passage, he spent some time in Cádiz before his uncle, whose ship was then chartered to accompany a large Spanish fleet to the West Indies, …
Birth year, location and family
Champlain was born to Antoine Champlain (also written "Anthoine Chappelain" in some records) and Marguerite Le Roy, in either Hiers-Brouage, or the port city of La Rochelle, in the French province of Aunis.
He was born on or before 13 August 1574, according to a recent baptism record found by Jean-Marie Germe, French genealogist.
Founding of Quebec
In the spring of 1608, Dugua wanted Champlain to start a new French colony and fur trading centre on the shores of the St. Lawrence. Dugua equipped, at his own expense, a fleet of three ships with workers, that left the French port of Honfleur. The main ship, called the Don-de-Dieu (French for the Gift of God), was commanded by Champlain. Another ship, the Lévrier (the Hunt Dog), was com…
Relations and war with Native Americans
During the summer of 1609, Champlain attempted to form better relations with the local First Nations tribes. He made alliances with the Wendat (called Huron by the French) and with the Algonquin, the Montagnais and the Etchemin, who lived in the area of the St. Lawrence River. These tribes sought Champlain's help in their war against the Iroquois, who lived farther south. Champlain set off with ni…
Marriage
One route Champlain may have chosen to improve his access to the court of the regent was his decision to enter into marriage with the twelve-year-old Hélène Boullé. She was the daughter of Nicolas Boullé, a man charged with carrying out royal decisions at court. The marriage contract was signed on 27 December 1610 in presence of Dugua, who had dealt with the father, and the couple was married three days later. The terms of the contract called for the marriage to be cons…
Exploration of New France
On 29 March 1613, arriving back in New France, he first ensured that his new royal commission be proclaimed. Champlain set out on May 27 to continue his exploration of the Huron country and in hopes of finding the "northern sea" he had heard about (probably Hudson Bay). He travelled the Ottawa River, later giving the first description of this area. Along the way, he apparently dropped o…
Military expedition
On 1 September 1615, at Cahiagué (a Wendat community on what is now called Lake Simcoe), he and the northern tribes started a military expedition against the Iroquois. The party passed Lake Ontario at its eastern tip where they hid their canoes and continued their journey by land. They followed the Oneida River until they arrived at the main Onondaga fort on October 10. The exact location of thi…
Early Life and Career
First Voyages to Canada
- Champlain landed in Canada in 1603, on a voyage up the St. Lawrence River with François Gravé du Pont. At the time, Champlain held no official title. He published an account of this voyage, Des Sauvages, ou, Voyage de Samuel Champlain, in France. It was the first detailed description of the St. Lawrence since Jacques Cartier’s explorations. Since t...
Settlement at Quebec
- In 1608, Pierre Dugua de Mons appointed Champlain as his lieutenant; this was his first official title. On 13 April 1608, Champlain set sail from France in Le Don de Dieu. He reached Tadoussac on 3 June. He then resumed his course up the St. Lawrence, arriving off Cap Diamant on 3 July. Champlain later wrote, “I searched for a place suitable for our settlement, but I could find none …
Relationship with Indigenous People
- Champlain developed a vast trade network by forming and consolidating alliances with the Montagnais of the St. Lawrence, the nations on the Ottawa River, and the Huron of the Great Lakes. These alliances obliged Champlain to support his allies in their wars against the Iroquois, whose territory was to the south of Lake Ontario and into present-day New York. He participate…
Champlain’s Writings
- Champlain left behind a considerable body of writing, largely relating to his voyages. The most important editions of his work are the ones prepared by C.H. Laverdière (1870) and the bilingual edition of H.P. Biggar (1922–36). Champlain’s works are the only written account of New France at the beginning of the 17th century. As a geographerand “artist” (as a factum states), he illustrat…