When was the first Mallet car made?
The Mallet was first introduced in the United States in 1904 when the venerable Baltimore & Ohio had a prototype built by the American Locomotive Company (Alco) in a 0-6-6-0 wheel arrangement.
What is a mallet?
A mallet is a kind of hammer, often made of rubber or sometimes wood, that is smaller than a maul or beetle, and usually has a relatively large head. The term is descriptive of the overall size and proportions of the tool, and not the materials it may be made of, though most mallets have striking faces that are softer than steel.
What was the largest Mallet ever built?
The largest compound Mallets were ten 2-10-10-2s built for the Virginian by Alco in 1918; in pairs they pushed coal trains headed by a 2-8-8-2. The AT&SF also had a number of compound 2-10-10-2's, assembled in their own shops from existing 2-10-2's using a kit, supplied by Baldwin, consisting of the front 10-wheel frame and a boiler extension.
How did a Mallet locomotive work?
Essentially how the Mallet worked was that a rigidly mounted engine nearest the cab produced high-pressure steam that was then pumped to a forward engine which was “hinged” and free to swivel (thus an “articulated” frame) so the locomotive could much more easily negotiate curves and less-than perfectly maintained track.
Who invented a mallet?
It was invented around 1920s by the probably greatest keyboard percussion player of the 20th century, Clair Omar Musser.
Who invented the mallet hammer?
INVENTOR JOSEPH wlpMAN Patented Sept. 15, 1931 PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH WIDMAN, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA COMBINATION RUBBER MALLET AND METAL HAMMER Application led June 6, 1929. Serial No. 368,976.
Why use a mallet instead of a hammer?
Metal hammer faces can damage wood surfaces or the ends of chisels, and a wooden mallet will not mar either wood surfaces or tools. A wooden mallet also makes it easier to control a chisel, since it strikes with less force than a metal hammer.
Why is wood a mallet?
A wooden mallet will not deform the striking end of a metal tool, as most metal hammers would. It is also used to reduce the force driving the cutting edge of a chisel, giving better control. Hardwood mallets are also used to knock in cricket bats.
Can a mallet be metal?
Meat mallets tenderise or flatten meat are made from wood or metal, they are typically two-sided, one flat with slight bumps, and the other with more pronounced protrusions.
Can I use a hammer instead of a mallet?
Despite the smaller surface area, a hammer will work just like a mallet.
Is Thor's hammer a mallet?
Thor's Hammer Woodworking Mallets! This collection includes all of our offerings on our signature woodworking item. With the durability to be a daily use woodworking mallet, but built with the beauty and attention to detail of a fine-art piece.
Which chisel should never be used with mallet?
Paring ChiselParing Chisel Paring chisels are designed to be moved by hand and should never be hit with a mallet, since they are delicate instruments designed for more fine work.
Is a maul a hammer?
Maul. A maul is a long-handled hammer with a heavy head, of wood, lead, or iron. Similar in appearance and function to a modern sledgehammer, it is sometimes shown as having a spear-like spike on the fore-end of the haft. The use of the maul as a weapon seems to date from the later 14th century.
How many types of mallet are there?
Types of Mallet There are two kinds of mallets: ones with handles and those that do not have. The type of Mallet you require will depend on the job at hand. For instance, if you need the ability to drive nail holes into the wood, you'll require a handle to ensure you can exert more force.
Why are mallets made of rubber?
The rubber or rawhide head is soft enough that it will do no damage to hardwoods and will dent softwoods only after repeated, heavy hammerings. Soft-faced mallets are also used in automobile repair to reshape sheet metal.
What are mallet heads made of?
Uses of Mallet Heads vary in size, shape, and material; they may be made of metal, plastic, rubber, or wood, and some are wrapped with felt, cord, or yarn. Heavier heads produce louder sounds, while harder heads produce sharper and louder sounds, with more overtones.
Who invented the claw hammer?
In 1840, a blacksmith in the United States named David Maydole introduced a claw hammer with the head tapering downwards around the opening for the handle.
Is Thor's hammer a mallet?
Thor's Hammer Woodworking Mallets! This collection includes all of our offerings on our signature woodworking item. With the durability to be a daily use woodworking mallet, but built with the beauty and attention to detail of a fine-art piece.
When was the metal hammer invented?
The first major innovation to the hammer is believed to have occurred sometime around 30,000 BC, thousands of years after the earliest cave paintings.
Where are mallets made?
With Mallet London's footwear sourced from Portugal, Turkey, England and China, the brand continues to evolve through development and design.
When was the Mallet invented?
The Mallet was first introduced in the United States in 1904 when the venerable Baltimore & Ohio had a prototype built by the American Locomotive Company (Alco) in a 0-6-6-0 wheel arrangement.
How did the Mallet work?
Essentially how the Mallet worked was that a rigidly mounted engine nearest the cab produced high-pressure steam that was then pumped to a forward engine which was “hinged” and free to swivel (thus an “articulated” frame) so the locomotive could much more easily negotiate curves and less-than perfectly maintained track.
What is a Mallet?
The Mallet (pronounced “Ma-lay”) was a unique steam locomotive design that was a type of articulated design which used compound steam. The locomotive gets is name from the person who invented it, Anatole Mallet of Switzerland.
How many axles does a Mallet have?
The Mallet Type was essentially two engines housed under one frame and this, coupled with its six or more sets of axles, allowed it to produce awesome levels of adhesion and horsepower. Many railroads, particularly in mountainous regions, found the Mallet very beneficial in heavy drag service.
How many sets of cylinders does a Mallet have?
A very economical means of using steam the Mallet Type, coupled with both engines being roughly center mounted over each set of driving axles, was able to produce very high horsepower and adhesion with two sets of cylinders (and because of the low pressure steam in the front engine its cylinders were substantially larger than the rear cylinders).
How fast did the Mallet go?
While they were excellent at producing high horsepower and tractive effort the Mallet’s low gearing did not allow for speeds much faster than about 25 mph.
What year was the Mallet 2-8-8-2 #1564?
Chesapeake & Ohio 2-8-8-2 #1564 (H-7), a 1923 product of Alco, is seen here in Richmond, Virginia.
What did Mallet propose in 1884?
Mallet found typical main line railways unwilling to adopt his particular ideas and, in 1884, he started to propose compounding combined with articulation; on lightly engineered secondary lines this could give greater power to locomotives whose axle load and size was limited.
When was the first Mallet locomotive built?
The first Mallet locomotive in the United States was Baltimore & Ohio Railroad number 2400, built by Alco in 1904. Nicknamed "Old Maude", it was a 0-6-6-0 weighing 334,500 lb (151,700 kg) and with axle loads of 60,000 lb (27,000 kg).
What was Mallet's major advantage?
Mallet considered that the major advantage of this arrangement was that it enabled the cylinders on the truck to be fed with low-pressure steam: the high-pressure cylinders were on the fixed main frame and only low-pressure steam needed to be carried through movable pipes to the swivelling truck.
How did the Bissel locomotive articulate?
The articulation was achieved by supporting the front of the locomotive on an extended Bissel truck. The compound steam system fed steam at boiler pressure to high-pressure cylinders driving the main set of wheels. The exhaust steam from these cylinders was fed into a low-pressure receiver and was then sent to low-pressure cylinders that powered the driving wheels on the swiveling bogie.
When did Mallet locomotives become obsolete?
Although it had found early favour in Europe, especially on lightly engineered railways, the Mallet type had generally been superseded by the Garratt locomotive by the mid-1920s, but in the Dutch East Indies, now the Republic of Indonesia, several types and sizes remained in use into the 1980s.
When was the 0-8-8-0T built?
One of the examples in Germany were the 0-8-8-0Ts built by Maffei for Bavarian State Railways between 1913 and 1923. However no Mallet ever ran on a British railway.
Who advocated independent cut offs for the high pressure and low pressure cylinders?
Independent cut-offs for the high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders were advocated by Mallet, but driving standards were inadequate and he later used combined cut-off control.
Who invented the CB mallet?
Guerin Rife, father of the CB mallet putter design, is a prolific putter designer and inventor. He designed the Rife 2-bar putters that were hugely popular in the 2000’s, and he currently designs EvnRoll ’s innovative putters. He’s the inventor of putter grooves, gravity grips, and the aforementioned CB mallets, too.
Why did the CB mallet expire?
While Rife said he did initially patent the CB mallet design, he let it expire due to the guidelines of the patent. According to Rife, the measurement from front-to-back of the head had to be at least two-thirds of the distance from heel-to-toe of the putter. He was already paying unwanted fees on the patent, so the guidelines were the last straw for him.
When was the Guerin Rife putter invented?
That created forgiveness and higher launch for golfers. This is a look at the True Blue mallet putter Guerin Rife invented around 1993-1994.
Is CB mallet widespread?
Unfortunately for Rife, but proving his innovation, CB mallets are now widespread throughout the industry. That was far from the end of the road in putter design for Rife, though. It was just the beginning.
Who invented the Synare MP?
Bill Katoski had designed an electronic mallet percussion instrument called the Synare MP in 1981 for a company called Star Instruments and bought the rights to it when that company went out of business shortly thereafter. He began working on an updated version with his wife Maria and soon brought on professional orchestral percussionist Mario Deciutiis to form KAT, Inc. Their first instrument was a professional level mallet instrument with eight-note polyphonic synthesis and 16 sequencer banks, as well as on-board sounds that were as good if not better than similar instruments on the market at the time.
What problems existed in the original Kat MIDI?
The problems that existed in the original KAT MIDI Percussion Controller could be traced back to the piezo sensors used in the original design to trigger the player’s hits to the computer, which would generate the desired sounds. The new FSR sensors were much more sensitive and responsive to dynamics, and soon after NAMM the first working KAT MIDI Percussion Controller was in production. (The name was soon changed to malletKAT.)
When did Kat start making percussion?
KAT entered the electronic percussion world with a major splash when it released the malletKAT, a MIDI-based mallet percussion controller, in 1986 . “Out of nowhere we were up there with Yamaha and Roland,” says Mario DeCiutiis, who was the company’s sales director at the time. “Our product was better than theirs. We caught them by surprise.”
What is a drumkat?
The drumKAT was the company’s first foray beyond the mallet percussion world. This was KAT’s upgraded answer to the Octapad, which had been released a couple years prior and was being touted as an add-on to a drum or percussion setup. The drumKAT took the idea and, in true KAT fashion, made a few choice upgrades. When it was released, the drumKAT was the only product of its kind using the more advanced FSR sensors and had 10 programmable zones with inputs for 9 more trigger units on top of that, making it the most powerful and versatile MIDI multipad the time. The rectangular unit is immediately recognizable by its playing surface reminiscent of “mouse ears.” An updated version, the drumKAT Turbo, was released in 1998. It has since been updated again and is now sold as the drumKAT Hybrikit.
Overview
The Mallet locomotive is a type of articulated steam railway locomotive, invented by the Swiss engineer Anatole Mallet (1837–1919).
The articulation was achieved by supporting the front of the locomotive on an extended Bissel truck. The compound steam system fed steam at boiler pressure to high-pressure cylinders driving the rear set of driving wheels (rigidly connect…
Compounding
Steam under pressure is converted into mechanical energy more efficiently if it is used in a compound engine; in such an engine steam from a boiler is used in high-pressure (HP) cylinders and then under reduced pressure in a second set of cylinders. The lower-pressure steam occupies a larger volume and the low-pressure (LP) cylinders are larger than the high-pressure cylinders.
A third stage (triple expansion) may be employed. Compounding was proposed by the British en…
Articulation
Mallet found typical main line railways unwilling to adopt his particular ideas and, in 1884, he started to propose compounding combined with articulation; on lightly engineered secondary lines this could give greater power to locomotives whose axle load and size was limited. His patent 162876 in France specified four cylinders, two large and two small, with one pair of cylinders acting on two or three fixed axles, and the other pair acting on axles mounted in a swivelling truck.
The Mallet concept
This then was what became understood as a "Mallet" locomotive: an articulated locomotive in which the rear set of driving wheels were fixed in the main frame of the locomotive; a Bissell truck carrying a second set of driving wheels; and compounding in which the high-pressure cylinders drove the axles on the main frame and the Bissell truck axles were driven by low-pressure steam.
Mallet asserted that the advantages of his concept were:
European versions
Large numbers of Mallet designs for narrow gauge railways were built, but in 1889 the first six standard gauge examples were built by J A Maffei for the Swiss Central railways, and an 87 tonne 0-6-6-0T banker (US: pusher) for the Gotthard Bahn, the last being the most powerful and heaviest locomotive in the world at the time. By 1892 110 Mallets were at work, of which 24 were standard gauge; …
North American versions
The first Mallet locomotive in the United States was Baltimore & Ohio Railroad number 2400, built by Alco in 1904. Nicknamed "Old Maude", it was a 0-6-6-0 weighing 334,500 lb (151,700 kg) and with axle loads of 60,000 lb (27,000 kg). Received negatively at first due to speed limitation arising from the short wheelbase and stiff suspension, it gained support during service, and it was so…
The last Mallets
These U.S. locomotives were paralleled to some extent by heavy-haul versions in the USSR, though without any attempt at faster running. Two 2-8-8-4 examples built in Russia in 1954–55 were probably the last Mallets built in Europe.
Other continents
Although it had found early favor in Europe, especially on lightly engineered railways, the Mallet type was generally superseded by the Garratt locomotive by the mid-1920s.
In the Dutch East Indies, now the Republic of Indonesia, several types and sizes remained in use into the 1980s. In 1962, the Indonesian state railways DKA ordered a series of 0-4-4-2s, basically an updated version of the earlier Dutch design, for the old Atjeh (now Aceh) tramway. Constructe…