What is Sullivan's theory of personality?
Herbert Harry Stack Sullivan (February 21, 1892, Norwich, New York – January 14, 1949, Paris, France) was an American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who held that the personality lives in, and has his or her being in, a complex of interpersonal relations.
What did Harry Stack Sullivan study in psychology?
You are here: Home › psychology › Harry Stack Sullivan and His Study of Interpersonal Relationships psychology 21. February 2021 0 Tabea Tietz On February 21, 1892, American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Harry Stack Sullivan was born. Sullivan developed a theory of psychiatry based on interpersonal relationships.
What did Harry Sullivan do for interpersonal psychoanalysis?
Harry Sullivan and his work on interpersonal relationships became the foundation of interpersonal psychoanalysis. The school of psychoanalytic theory and treatment stressed the detailed exploration of the nuances of patients’ patterns of interacting with others.
What did Sullivan believe was the cause of mental illness?
He believed that anxiety and psychotic behavior could be traced back to families who did not know how to relate to their children, who consequently did not feel accepted and loved. Sullivan ‘s work on interpersonal relationships became the foundation of interpersonal psychoanalysis.
Where did Harry Stack Sullivan go to school?
He attended the Smyrna Union School, then spent two years at Cornell University from 1909, receiving his medical degree in Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery in 1917. In 1921 he began psychotherapeutic treatment of schizophrenic patients under the supervision of William Alanson White at St. Elizabeth’s Hospital in Washington, D.C. He can thus be considered a pioneer in the psychodynamic-psychotherapeutic treatment of psychotic patients, which Sigmund Freud considered unanalysable. [ 7 ]
What is the most important mouthpiece of the interpersonal direction in psychiatry and psychoanalysis?
In 1938 the journal Psychiatry was founded, which became the most important mouthpiece of the interpersonal direction in psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Sullivan developed a theory of psychiatry based on interpersonal relationships where cultural forces are largely responsible for mental illnesses. Sullivan prodeeced to characterize loneliness as ...
What did Sullivan do?
Sullivan helped to found the William Alanson White Psychiatric Foundation in 1933 and the Washington (D.C.) School of Psychiatry in 1936, and after World War IIhe helped establish the World Federation for Mental Health. He also founded (1938) and served as editor of the journal Psychiatry. During the later years of his life he more fully articulatedhis ideas in The Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatryand The Fusion of Psychiatry and Social Science(published posthumously in 1953 and 1964, respectively), among other works. After his death Sullivan’s theory of personality and his psychotherapeutic techniques had a continually growing influence, particularly in American psychoanalytic circles.
What did Sullivan believe about schizophrenia?
He extended his early concept of schizophrenia to a theory of personality, arguing that both normal and abnormal personalitiesrepresent enduring patterns of interpersonal relationships, thus giving the environment, in particular the human social environment, the major role in personality development. Sullivan argued that individuals’ self-identity is built up over the years through their perceptions of how they are regarded by significant people in their environments. Different stages in the course of behavioral development correspond to different ways of interacting with others. To the infant, the most significant person is its mother, and anxiety results from disturbances in the maternal relationship. The child then develops a mode of behaviour that tends to lessen that anxiety, establishing the personality characteristics that will prevail in adulthood.
What is the science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental disorders?
psychiatry, the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental disorders. The term psychiatryis derived from…
What is the most significant person in a child's life?
To the infant, the most significant person is its mother , and anxiety results from disturbances in the maternal relationship. The child then develops a mode of behaviour that tends to lessen that anxiety, establishing the personality characteristics that will prevail in adulthood.
Who modified Freudian theory?
Neo-Freudian authorities such as Harry Stack Sullivan, Karen Horney, and Erich Fromm modified Freudian theory by emphasizing social relationships and cultural and environmental factors as being important in the formation of mental disorders.…
Where did Sullivan teach?
Although Sullivan published little in his lifetime, he influenced generations of mental health professionals, especially through his lectures at Chestnut Lodge in Rockville, Maryland , outside Washington, DC. Leston Havens called him the most important underground influence in American psychoanalysis.
Who is Harry Stack Sullivan?
Herbert " Harry " Stack Sullivan (February 21, 1892, Norwich, New York – January 14, 1949, Paris, France) was an American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who held that "personality can never be isolated from the complex interpersonal relationships in which [a] person lives" and that " [t]he field ...
What is the foundation of interpersonal psychoanalysis?
Sullivan's work on interpersonal relationships became the foundation of interpersonal psychoanalysis, a school of psychoanalytic theory and treatment that stresses the detailed exploration of the nuances of patients' patterns of interacting with others.
Who was William Alanson White?
He was one of the founders of the William Alanson White Institute, considered by many to be the world's leading independent psychoanalytic institute, and of the journal Psychiatry in 1937. He headed the Washington, DC School of Psychiatry from 1936 to 1947.
When was the Invert and his Social Adjustment published?
In 1927 , he reviewed the controversial, anonymously published The Invert and his Social Adjustment and in 1929 called it "a remarkable document by a homosexual man of refinement; intended primarily as a guide to the unfortunate sufferers of sexual inversion, and much less open to criticism than anything else of the kind so far published."
Who laid the groundwork for understanding the individual based on the network of relationships in which they are enmeshed?
Work. Along with Clara Thompson, Karen Horney, Erich Fromm, Otto Allen Will, Jr., Erik H. Erikson, and Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Sullivan laid the groundwork for understanding the individual based on the network of relationships in which they are enmeshed.
Who coined the term "problems in living"?
Sullivan was the first to coin the term "problems in living" to describe the difficulties with self and others experienced by those with mental illnesses. This phrase was later picked up and popularized by Thomas Szasz, whose work was a foundational resource for the antipsychiatry movement. "Problems in living" went on to become the movement's preferred way to refer to the manifestations of mental disturbances.
What did Harry Stack-Sullivan do?
Interestingly, Sullivan placed a lot of focus on both the social aspects of personality and cognitive representations. This moved him away from Freud’s psychosexual development and toward a more eclectic approach.
Why was Freud's theory of anxiety important?
Freud believed that anxiety was an important aspect in his theory because it represented internal conflict between the id and the superego. Sullivan, however, saw anxiety as existing only as a result of social interactions. He described techniques, much like defense mechanisms, that provide tools for people to use in order to reduce social anxiety. Selective Inattention is one such mechanism.
What is the Harry Stack Sullivan theory?
The Harry Stack Sullivan interpersonal theory shows us that the relationships with whom we surround ourselves are influential on who we are as people through our personality. Even one relationship is enough for someone to develop a strong, influential personality. YouTube. Speaking Place. 91 subscribers.
What is the theory of personality?
The Harry Stack Sullivan interpersonal theory suggests that a person’s personality is the foundation of their energy system. Sullivan describes this energy as either providing a positive or a negative outcome. It can either create tension (negative) or create transformations (positive).
What is the theory of interpersonal relationships?
Harry Stack Sullivan Interpersonal Theory Explained 1 Anxiety. If people are scared of social interactions, then their personality will develop a preference for avoiding them. This creates fewer satisfying interpersonal relationships over time, which causes the individual to rely on a few, if not one, relationship that helps them to develop their personality. 2 Geographical Location. People who live in rural areas have fewer opportunities to develop relationships than people who live in urban or suburban areas. With a limited pool of personalities and relationship possibilities, the growth and development of a personality is naturally limited. 3 Family Size. Children who grow up as an only child have different intimate relationships in their earliest years than children who grow up with siblings. When a child is the only child in the family, their social interactions occur primarily with their adult parents. When siblings are present, there are more opportunities to socially interact with others who are the same age, even in rural settings.
Overview
Herbert "Harry" Stack Sullivan (February 21, 1892, Norwich, New York – January 14, 1949, Paris, France) was an American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who held that "personality can never be isolated from the complex interpersonal relationships in which [a] person lives" and that "[t]he field of psychiatry is the field of interpersonal relations under any and all circumsta…
Early life
Sullivan was a child of Irish immigrants and grew up in the then anti-Catholic town of Norwich, New York, resulting in a social isolation which may have inspired his later interest in psychiatry. He attended the Smyrna Union School, then spent two years at Cornell University from 1909, receiving his medical degree in Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery in 1917.
Work
Along with Clara Thompson, Karen Horney, Erich Fromm, Otto Allen Will, Jr., Erik H. Erikson, and Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Sullivan laid the groundwork for understanding the individual based on the network of relationships in which they are enmeshed. He developed a theory of psychiatry based on interpersonal relationships where cultural forces are largely responsible for mental illnesses (see also social psychiatry). In his words, one must pay attention to the "interactional", n…
Writings
Although Sullivan published little in his lifetime, he influenced generations of mental health professionals, especially through his lectures at Chestnut Lodge in Rockville, Maryland, outside Washington, DC. Leston Havens called him the most important underground influence in American psychoanalysis. His ideas were collected and published posthumously, edited by Helen Swick Perry, who also published a detailed biography in 1982 (Perry, 1982, Psychiatrist of America).
Works
The following works are in Special Collections (MSA SC 5547) at the Maryland State Archives in Annapolis: Conceptions of Modern Psychiatry, Soundscriber Transcriptions (Feb. 1945-May 1945); Lectures 1-97 (begins Oct. 2, 1942); Georgetown University Medical School Lectures (1939); Personal Psychopathology (1929–1933); The Psychiatry of Character and its Deviations-undated notes.
Associates
After Sullivan's death, Saul B. Newton and his wife Dr. Jane Pearce (a psychiatrist who studied with Sullivan in the late 1940s) established the Sullivan Institute for Research in Psychoanalysis in New York City.
External links
• William Alanson White Institute