Who was the famous Sufi preacher in India?
The real propagation of Sufism was done by Abul Hasan and he became famous for his liberal ideology. The famous preacher of Sufism in India was Saint Khawaja Moinuddin Chishti. The Sufi movement also has many branches. A group of Sufi preachers took a very revolutionary path.
What is the significance of Sufism in India?
The massive geographic presence of Islam in India can be explained by the tireless activity of Sufi preachers. Sufism had left a prevailing impact on religious, cultural, and social life in South Asia. The mystical form of Islam was introduced by Sufi saints.
Who was the first Sufi saint to visit India?
It is believed that the Sufis must have also used these routes, which were used by the Arab traders and military commanders. The first great Sufi saint to visit India (undivided) was Ali el-Hujwiri popularly known in India as Data Ganj Bakhsh.
Who was the first Sufi?
According to the late medieval mystic Jami, Abd-Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (died c. 716) was the first person to be called a "Sufi". Two of Al Ghazali 's greatest treatises, the " Revival of Religious Sciences " and the " Alchemy of Happiness ," showing that Sufism was the complete fulfilment of Islamic Law.
Who was the first Sufi in India?
It started in Arabia and Persia, and then spread to other countries. Sufi saints propogated the message of universal brotherhood and equality. One such saint was Sheikh Ismail of Lahore. He was the first Sufi saint to settle in India.
Who was the first Sufi teacher coming to India?
He is widely referred to as the founder of the Naqshbandi order. Khwaja Muhammad al-Baqi Billah Berang (d. 1603) introduced the Naqshbandiyyah to India.
Who was the founder of First Sufi?
According to the late medieval mystic Jami, Abd-Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (died c. 716) was the first person to be called a "Sufi".
Who started Sufi movement in India?
The Chisti Silsila The Chisti order was established in India by Khwaja Muin-ud-din Chisti (also known as Gharib Nawaz) around c. 1192 CE. After staying in Lahore and Delhi, he finally shifted to Ajmer which was an important political centre and already had a sizeable Muslim population.
Who is the father of Sufism?
According to the late medieval mystic, the Persian poet Jami, Abd-Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (died c. 716) was the first person to be called a "Sufi".
Who is the master of Sufism?
The sheik is vital to the path of the novice Sufi, for the sheik has himself travelled the path of mysticism. Viewed as the spiritual master, the sheik forms a formal allegiance (bay'a) to the disciple of Sufism and authorizes the disciple's travels and helps the disciple along the mystical path.
Who are the most famous Sufis?
ContentsAl-ShaghourīAl-Busiri.Ali Hujwiri (Daata Ganj Bakhsh, Persian/Punjabi: 990-1077)Ahamed Mohiyudheen Noorishah Jeelani.Amadou Bamba (1853-1927)Arshadul Qaudri (1925–2002)Ata Hussain Fani Chishti (1817–1896)Azangachhi Shaheb (1828 or 1829-1932)More items...
Who is the most famous Sufi poet?
Jalal ad-Din Muhammad RumiThe ecstatic poems of Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi, a Persian poet and Sufi master born 807 years ago in 1207, have sold millions of copies in recent years, making him the most popular poet in the US. Globally, his fans are legion.
Who was the first woman Sufi saint?
Bibi Fatima: The first woman Sufi saint of India.
Who is the best Sufi in India?
Pages in category "Indian Sufi saints"Mir Mukhtar Akhyar.Nur Qutb Alam.Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari.Shah Amanat.Yuz Asaf.Mukhtar Ashraf.Syed Waheed Ashraf.Nizamuddin Auliya.More items...
When did Sufism start in India?
Sufism entered India in the 12th century with Muslim invaders and became popular in the 13th century.
Who was the most famous Sufi saints in India?
MMustafa Devati.Mustafa Gaibi.Mushtaq Ali Shah (?-1792)Makhdoom Ali Mahimi (1372–1431)Mohamed ben Issa (1467–1526, buried in Meknes, founder of the Aissawa order)Moinuddin Chishti (1141–1230, buried in the Ajmer Sharif Dargah, spread the Chishti order throughout India)Muhammad ibn `Ali at-Tirmidhi.More items...
Who was the first woman Sufi saint in India?
Bibi FatimaBibi Fatima: The first woman Sufi saint of India.
Who is the best Sufi in India?
Pages in category "Indian Sufi saints"Mir Mukhtar Akhyar.Nur Qutb Alam.Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari.Shah Amanat.Yuz Asaf.Mukhtar Ashraf.Syed Waheed Ashraf.Nizamuddin Auliya.More items...
Who is the first teacher of Muslims?
The forgotten legacy of Fatima Sheikh, India's first Muslim teacher.
Who was the first Sufi entered in Kashmir?
Sayed Sharafuddin Bulbul ShahBulbul ShahBulBul Shah Syed Sharf-Ud-Din Abdul Rehman ShahThe first Sufi saint who reached Kashmir, during the time of Rinchin Shah, was Sayed Sharafuddin Bulbul Shah from TurkeyPersonalBornTurkeyReligionIslam5 more rows
What are the origins of Sufism?
Orientalists proposed a variety of origin theories regarding Sufism, such as that it originated as an Aryan response to Semitic influence, Buddhism, Neo-Platonism, and Christian ascetism or Gnosticism. Modern academics and scholars, however, have rejected early Orientalist theories asserting a non-Islamic origin of Sufism, Carl Ernst states that the tendency to try and disassociate Islam from Sufism was an attempt by Orientalists to create a divide between what they found attractive within Islamic civilization (i.e. Islamic spirituality) and the negative stereotypes of Islam that were present in Britain. Hosein Nasr states that non-Islamic origin theories are false according to the point of view of Sufism. Many have asserted Sufism to be unique within the confines of the Islamic religion, and contend that Sufism developed from people like Bayazid Bastami, who, in his utmost reverence to the sunnah, refused to eat a watermelon because he did not find any proof that Muhammad ever ate it. According to William Chittick Sufism can simply be described as "the interiorization, and intensification of Islamic faith and practice."
When did Sufism start?
Some sources state that Sufism is the inner dimensions of the teachings of Muhammad whereas others say that Sufism emerged during the Islamic Golden Age from about the 8th to 10th centuries. According to Ibn Khaldun Sufism was already practiced by the Sahaba, but with the spread of material tendencies, ...
What was the Sufi culture?
Between the 13th and 16th centuries CE, Sufism produced a flourishing intellectual culture throughout the Islamic world, a "Golden Age" whose physical artifacts are still present . In many places, a lodge (known variously as a zaouia, khanqah, or tekke) would be endowed through a pious foundation in perpetuity ( waqf) to provide a gathering place for Sufi adepts, as well as lodging for itinerant seekers of knowledge. The same system of endowments could also be used to pay for a complex of buildings, such as that surrounding the Süleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul, including a lodge for Sufi seekers, a hospice with kitchens where these seekers could serve the poor and/or complete a period of initiation, a library, and other structures. No important domain in the civilization of Islam remained unaffected by Sufism in this period.
What is the significance of Al Ghazali's Revival of Religious Sciences?
Two of Al Ghazali 's greatest treatises, the " Revival of Religious Sciences " and the " Alchemy of Happiness ," argued that Sufism originated from the Qur'an and was thus compatible with mainstream Islamic thought, and did not in any way contradict Islamic Law—being instead necessary to its complete fulfillment.
What are the two Sufi books?
Two of the most notable are Kashf al-Mahjûb (Revelation of the Veiled) of Hujwiri, and Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya ( The Message) of Al-Qushayri. According to the late medieval mystic Jami, Abd-Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (died c. 716) was the first person to be called a "Sufi".
Where did Sufism spread to?
Spread to India. Further information: Sufism in India. Nizamuddin Auliya 's tomb (right) and Jama'at Khana Masjid (background), at Nizamuddin Dargah complex, in Nizamuddin West, Delhi. Muslims of South Asia prominently follow the Chishtiyya, Naqshbandiyyah, Qadiriyyah and Suhrawardiyyah orders.
Where did Sufism flourish?
Sufi saints flourished in Hindustan ( India) preaching the mystic teachings of Sufism that easily reached the common people, especially the spiritual truth seekers in India. Sufism in Bangladesh is also called pirism, after the pirs or teachers in the Sufi tradition (also called Fakir ).
Who was the first Sufi saint to visit India?
The first great Sufi saint to visit India (undivided) was Ali el-Hujwiri popularly known in India as Data Ganj Bakhsh.
Who was the last Sufi to enter India?
The Naqshbandi Sufis were the last to enter India. This Order of Sufism was introduced in India by Hajrat Muhammad al-Baqi Billah. The Order got its name after Muhammad Baha'uddin Shah Naqshband, a renowned Sufi Master. Baqi Billah was seventh in the line of succession from Shah Naqshband.
What is the name of the Sufi order?
The Chishti Order of Sufis, which is now indigenous to India, was the first of the four main Sufi Orders, namely Chishtia, Qadiria, Suhurawadia and Naqshbandia, to be established in India. Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti introduced the Chishti Order in India, sometime in the middle of the 12th century AD. He was eighth in the line ...
How long did Muhammad al-Baqi Billah stay in Lahore?
On way back to India Muhammad al-Baqi Billah stayed in Lahore for about a year.
What was the first book of Mahjub?
His most famous book is Kashfu’l Mahjub, the first book on mysticism in the Persian language. Born in Ghazna in Afghanistan, around 1000 AD, he travelled from Syria to Turkistan and from the Indus to the Caspian Sea. During his journeys, he came across many saints and had deliberations with them.
Who is the most famous Sufi saint?
One of the most renowned and revered Sufi saints, Hajrat Nizamuddin Auliya was a disciple and chief successor of Baba Farid. Credit to a great extent goes to Hajrat Nizamuddin Auliya and his disciple Amir Khusro to take Sufism to every nook and corner of India. Nizamuddin was born in Badaun in 1236 AD.
How did Islam enter India?
However, in the current context of Sufism, it could be worthwhile to mention that Islam entered into India through the Sea route, through the land route from Persia into Sind and through the Khyber Pass. It is believed that the Sufis must have also used these routes, which were used by the Arab traders and military commanders.
When did Sufism start in India?
Sufism in India. Islam entered India in the 7th century CE in the form of merchants from Saudi Arabia who traded with the western coastal regions of India. After that in the north, the religion entered Multan and Sind when the regions were captured by Muhammad Bin Qasim in the 8th century CE.
What is Sufism in India?
Sufism in India: Notes for IAS Exam. Sufism is an important concept that influenced religion in India in the medieval ages. There are many Sufi saints whose Dargahs still attract people from all over the country irrespective of their religious affiliation.
How many orders were there in the Sufi system?
By the 12th century, the Sufis were organised in 12 orders or Silsilas. A Silsila was generally led by a prominent mystic who lived in a Khanqah or hospice along with his disciples. The link between the teacher or pir or murshid and his disciples or murids was a vital part of the Sufi system. Every pir nominated a successor or wali to carry on his work. Gradually, the Khanqahs emerged as important centres of learning and preaching. Many Sufis enjoyed the sama or musical congregation in their Khanqahs. In fact, qawwali developed during this period.
How did Sufism influence the world?
Sufism influenced both rural and urban regions and had a deep political, cultural and social influence on the masses. Spiritual bliss became the ultimate aim and the people could raise their voice against all forms of orthodoxy, falsehood, religious formalism and hypocrisy. In a world torn by strife and conflict, the Sufis tried to bring peace and harmony.
How did Sufism influence the medieval period?
In the later period, the Sufi doctrines influenced the religious perspective of the rulers along with reminding them of their moral obligations. For example, the Mughal Emperor, Akbar’s religious outlook and religious policies were shaped a lot under Sufism.
What is the most important contribution of Sufism?
The most important contribution of Sufism is that it helped to develop a bond of solidarity and brotherhood between Hindu and Muslim communities. The Sufi saints are revered not only by Muslims but also by a huge number of Hindus and their tombs have become a common place of pilgrimage for both communities.
When did the Chisti mosque become famous?
His fame grew more after his death in c. 1235 CE , when his grave was visited by the then Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq, after which the mosque and dome were erected by Mahmud Khalji of Malwa in the 15th century. After the support of the Mughal Emperor Akbar, the patronage of the dargah reached unprecedented heights. Qutub ud din Bhakhtiyar Kaki established the Chisti presence in Delhi under the patronage of Sultanate ruler Iltutmish.
2. Soul
Sufi saints consider the soul to be a part of God. According to Sufis, the soul used to rule before it got imprisoned in the human body. That’s why Sufi seekers welcome death and thus the liberation of the soul. In the view of Sufi seekers, two qualities are predominant in the soul, Nafs and Rooh.
3. Light (Noor)
According to the Sufis, when God had the desire to create the universe, he created light. The light is referred to as Noor e Muhammad (the light of Muhammad). God created the universe with this light.
4. Humans
Humans and helping fellow human beings are given the utmost importance in Sufism. According to Sufism, human beings are the best creation of God in the universe. According to Sufi seekers, man manifests all the qualities of God’s soul. Every human being should do good deeds. Good deeds bring man closer to God.
5. Importance of teacher (Pir)
Pir has great importance in Sufism. Pir is the one who takes the seeker to God. A Sufi seeker cannot achieve anything without a spiritual master. Seeker always sees his Pir like God. Before being initiated into this religion, a person has to make certain vows in front of the Pir.
6. Love
Love has great importance in the practice of Sufis. Love in the physical, mental, and spiritual sense is the driving force and the basis of Sufism is love. According to this God is uniquely beautiful and can be attained through love. The pleasure and benefit that comes from attachment to something is love.
Conclusion
As a religious and political institution, the Sufis turned to asceticism and mysticism to protest the growing materialism of the Caliphate. They were against dogmatic definitions and educational methods of interpreting the Qur’an and Sunna adopted by theologians. They emphasized attaining salvation through intense devotion and love for God.
