Precautions
Piperacillin and tazobactam is a combination penicillin antibiotic that is used to treat many different infections caused by bacteria, such as stomach infections, skin infections, pneumonia, and severe vaginal infections.
What is piperacillin and tazobactam?
Piperacillin and tazobactam are penicillin antibiotics that fight bacteria in the body. Piperacillin and tazobactam is a combination medicine used to treat many different infections caused by bacteria, such as urinary tract infections, bone and joint infections, severe vaginal infections, stomach infections,...
What are penicillin and tazobactam used to treat?
Piperacillin/tazobactam. The combination has activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, intra-abdominal infection, pneumonia, cellulitis, and sepsis. It is given by injection into a vein.
What is piperacillin used for?
It works by killing bacteria that cause infection. Tazobactam is in a class called beta-lactamase inhibitor. It works by preventing bacteria from destroying piperacillin. Antibiotics such as piperacillin and tazobactam injection will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
How does tazobactam work in the body?
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Why is piperacillin tazobactam used together?
Piperacillin is in a class of medications called penicillin antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria that cause infection. Tazobactam is in a class called beta-lactamase inhibitor. It works by preventing bacteria from destroying piperacillin.
What type of bacteria does piperacillin tazobactam affect?
Piperacillin/tazobactam is a beta-lactam/beta lactamase inhibitor with coverage against gram-negative organisms (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa), gram-positive organisms, and anaerobic bacterial organisms. P. aeruginosa is a gram-negative, non–lactose-fermenting rod that is resistant to multiple agents.
What is the purpose of tazobactam?
Piperacillin/tazobactam is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It is a penicillin antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
What bacteria does piperacillin cover?
Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) It covers Streptococci, Staphylococci (but not methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]), Hemophilus, Moraxella, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
How strong is piperacillin tazobactam?
The peak piperacillin and tazobactam concentrations after 4 g / 0.5 g administered over 30 minutes by intravenous infusion are 298 µg/ml and 34 µg/ml respectively....Hide table of contents.Treatment frequencyPiperacillin/Tazobactam 4 g / 0.5 gEvery six hoursSevere pneumonia4 more rows
How long should piperacillin and tazobactam infusion?
ZOSYN should be administered by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes. The usual total daily dose of ZOSYN for adults is 3.375 g every six hours totaling 13.5 g (12.0 g piperacillin/1.5 g tazobactam). The usual duration of ZOSYN treatment is from 7 to 10 days.
Is piperacillin and tazobactam safe?
Piperacillin and tazobactam combination may cause diarrhea, and in some cases it can be severe. It may occur 2 months or more after you stop receiving this medicine. Do not take any medicine to treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor. Diarrhea medicines may make the diarrhea worse or make it last longer.
What class of antibiotic is tazobactam?
Tazobactam is in a class called beta-lactamase inhibitor.
What class of drug is piperacillin?
Piperacillin is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins.
What are the side effects of piperacillin?
SIDE EFFECTS: Swelling, redness, pain, and soreness at the injection site may occur. Dizziness, trouble sleeping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache may also occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
Is piperacillin a broad spectrum antibiotic?
Abstract. Piperacillin/tazobactam is a beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity encompassing most Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, including many pathogens producing beta-lactamases.
What's another name for Piperacillin Tazobactam?
Zosyn (piperacillin / tazobactam) is a combination antibiotic medication used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections.
Does piperacillin tazobactam coverage Staphylococcus aureus?
Piperacillin/tazobactam displays good in vitro activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. It is also active against Streptococcus pyogenes and penicillin-sensitive strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
What type of bacteria does ZOSYN treat?
Aerobic and facultative gram-positive microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus. Aerobic and facultative gram-negative microorganisms: Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
What part of the cell does piperacillin work on?
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, Piperacillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Is Piperacillin Tazobactam broad spectrum?
Abstract. Piperacillin/tazobactam is a beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity encompassing most Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, including many pathogens producing beta-lactamases.
What is the purpose of tazobactam?
Because of the broad spectrum of antibacterial activity provided by piperacillin/tazobactam, it is useful for the treatment of patients with polymicrobial infections caused by aerobic or anaerobic beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
Is Piperacillin effective with Ceftazidime?
Piperacillin/tazobactam in combination with amikacin was at least as effective as ce ftazidime plus amikacin in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia and was significantly more effective than ceftazidime plus amikacin in the empirical treatment of febrile episodes in patients with neutropenia or granulocytopenia.
Is tazobactam a monotherapy?
Piperacillin/tazobactam is generally well tolerated. The most frequent adverse events are gastrointestinal symptoms (most commonly diarrhoea) and skin reactions. The incidence of adverse events with piperacillin/tazobactam is higher when the combination is given in combination with an aminoglycoside than when given as monotherapy. ...
Is tazobactam an antibacterial?
Piperacillin/tazobactam appears to have a particularly useful role i …. Because of the broad spectrum of antibacterial activity provided by piper acillin/tazobactam, it is useful for the treatment of patients with polymicrobial infections caused by aerobic or anaerobic beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. Piperacillin/tazobactam appears ...
Is piperacillin tazobactam safe?
Piperacillin/tazobactam is generally well tolerated.
Is piperacillin a beta-lactamase inhibitor?
Piperacillin/tazobactam is a beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity encompassing most Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, including many pathogens producing beta-lactamases.
Is tazobactam more effective than ticarcillin?
In clinical trials, piperacillin/tazobactam was significantly more effective than ticarcillin/clavulanic acid in terms of clinical and microbiological outcome in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. In patients with intra-abdominal infections, clinical and bacteriological response rates were significantly higher with piperacillin/tazobactam ...
How much sodium is in tazobactam?
Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection contains 54 mg (2.35 mEq) of sodium per gram of piperacillin in the combination product. At the usual recommended doses, patients would receive between 648 and 864 mg/day (28.2 and 37.6 mEq) of sodium.
How much piperacillin should pregnant rats take?
In embryo-fetal development studies in mice and rats, pregnant animals received intravenous doses of piperacillin/tazobactam up to 3,000/750 mg/kg/day during the period of organogenesis. There was no evidence of teratogenicity up to the highest dose evaluated, which is 1 to 2 times and 2 to 3 times the human dose of Piperacillin and Tazobactam, in mice and rats respectively, based on body-surface area (mg/m 2 ). Fetal body weights were reduced in rats at maternally toxic doses at or above 500/62.5 mg/kg/day, minimally representing 0.4 times the human dose of both Piperacillin and Tazobactam based on body-surface area (mg/m 2 ).
How many patients were treated with Piperacillin and Tazobactam?
During the initial clinical investigations, 2,621 patients worldwide were treated with Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection in phase 3 trials. In the key North American monotherapy clinical trials (n=830 patients), 90% of the adverse events reported were mild to moderate in severity and transient in nature. However, in 3.2% of the patients treated worldwide, Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection was discontinued because of adverse events primarily involving the skin (1.3%), including rash and pruritus; the gastrointestinal system (0.9%), including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting; and allergic reactions (0.5%).
What is the treatment for Clostridioides difficile?
Clostridioides difficile -associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection , and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile.
Why was Piperacillin discontinued?
However, in 3.2% of the patients treated worldwide, Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection was discontinued because of adverse events primarily involving the skin (1.3%), including rash and pruritus; the gastrointestinal system (0.9%), including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting; and allergic reactions (0.5%).
How long does it take to take tazobactam and piperacillin?
The usual duration of Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection treatment is from 7 to 10 days.
What is the treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease?
Female Pelvic Infections. Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection is indicated in adults for the treatment of postpartum endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease caused by beta-lactamase producing isolates of Escherichia coli.
What is the name of the drug that is used to treat polymicrobial infections?
ReviewPiperacillin/tazobactam in the treatment of polymicrobial infections. [Intensive Care Med. 1994]
How long does it take for cholestatic hepatitis to recover from piperacillin?
In the few cases of delayed cholestatic hepatitis that have been described with piperacillin with or without tazobactam, patients have recovered within a few weeks of stopping. Cases with DRESS syndrome tend to be more prolonged and are usually treated with corticosteroids for the manifestations of fever and rash. Whether corticosteroids also improve the liver and renal involvement is not clear, but they are generally continued for at least 6 to 8 weeks. Rechallengeis usually followed by recurrence of injury which can be more severe. Patients with piperacillin induced hepatitis should avoid reexposure and should take other penicillins and cephalosporins with caution.
Can piperacillin cause liver damage?
The cause of the liver injury associated with piperacillin use is probably hypersensitivity or allergy. Cases of reoccurrence on reexposure have been reported. The role of tazobactam in the injury is uncertain, but it appears to be important in cases of DRESS syndrome.
Does piperacillin cause rash?
In addition, the combination of piperacillin and tazobactam has been implicated in more than a dozen cases of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, usually arising after 2 to 3 weeks of long term therapy initially with rash and fever followed by liver or renal dysfunction or both. The liver injury is usually mixed or cholestatic but hepatocellular instances have also been reported. In many cases the liver injury is mild and overshadowed by the systemic symptoms and rash. Piperacillin-tazobactam has also been linked to instances of Stevens Johnson syndrome, although in most cases, other drugs known to be associated with the syndrome were being taken. These forms of hypersensitivity with liver involvement have not been reported with piperacillin alone. Because piperacillin-tazobactam is used for serious infections, patients are often taking multiple medications including other antibiotics such as vancomycin, azithromycin or ciprofloxacin, making the causality assessment challenging.
Is piperacillin a penicillin?
Piperacillin is parenterally administered, extended-spectrum ureidopenicillin which, when combined with the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam, is used to treat moderate-to-severe infectious due to susceptible organisms including lactamase producing penicillin-resistant bacteria. Piperacillin-tazobactam has been linked with idiosyncratic liver injury, including cases of DRESS and cholestatic liver injury that can be prolonged and even fatal.
Does piperacillin work against beta-lactamase?
Antimicrobial activities of piperacillin alone and in combination with tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
What is the drug tazobactam?
Piperacillin/tazobactam, sold under the brand names Tazocin and Zosyn among others, is a combination medication containing the antibiotic piperacillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam . The combination has activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, intra-abdominal infection, pneumonia, cellulitis, and sepsis. It is given by injection into a vein.
What is the name of the drug that contains tazobactam?
Piperacillin/tazobactam. Piperacillin/tazobactam, sold under the brand names Tazocin and Zosyn among others, is a combination medication containing the antibiotic piperacillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam.
What is the trade name for tazocin?
Apart from Tazocin and Zosyn, the drug is marketed in various countries under other trade names such as Tazact, Biopiper TZ, Brodactam, Piptaz, Maxitaz, Kilbac, Trezora, Du-Tazop, Tazopen, Sytaz, Tazin, and Inzalin TZ.
What are the side effects of -lactam?
Common adverse effects include headache, trouble sleeping, rash, nausea, constipation, and diarrhea. Serious adverse effects include Clostridium difficile infection and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. Those who are allergic to other β-lactam are more likely to be allergic to piperacillin/tazobactam.
When was tazobactam approved for use?
Piperacillin/tazobactam was approved for medical use in the United States in 1993. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication.
Is piperacillin a first line antibiotic?
Piperaci llin-tazobactam is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence as first line therapy for the treatment of bloodstream infections in neutropenic cancer patients. For β-lactam antipseudomonal antibiotics, including piperacillin/tazobactam, prolonged intravenous infusion is associated with lower mortality ...
What is the purpose of tazobactam and piperacillin?
Expand Section. Piperacillin and tazobactam injection is used to treat pneumonia and skin, gynecological, and abdominal (stomach area) infections caused by bacteria. Piperacillin is in a class of medications called penicillin antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria that cause infection.
What to do if you are pregnant while on tazobactam?
If you become pregnant while receiving piperacillin and tazobactam injection, call your doctor. if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are receiving piperacillin and tazobactam injection.
How should this medicine be used?
Piperacillin and tazobactam injection comes as a powder to be mixed with liquid and injected intravenously (into a vein). It is usually given every 6 hours, but children 9 months of age and older may receive it every 8 hours. The length of treatment depends on your general health, the type of infection you have, and how well you respond to the medication. Your doctor will tell you how long to use piperacillin and tazobactam injection. After your condition improves, your doctor may switch you to another antibiotic that you can take by mouth to complete your treatment.
Can you take tazobactam and piperacillin at home?
You may receive piperacillin and tazobactam injection in a hospital, or you may administer the medication at home. If you will be receiving piperacillin and tazobactam injection at home, your healthcare provider will show you how to use the medication.
Does tazobactam work for colds?
It works by preventing bacteria from destroying piperacillin. Antibiotics such as piperacillin and tazobactam injection will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. Taking or using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.
Can you get false results from a urine test with tazobactam?
Before having any laboratory test, tell your doctor and the laboratory personnel that you are receiving piperacillin and tazobactam injection. If you have diabetes, piperacillin and tazobactam injection can cause false results with certain urine glucose tests. Talk to your doctor about using other glucose tests while using piperacillin and tazobactam injection.
Can Piperacillin cause stomach cramps?
rash. itching. hives. difficulty breathing or swallowing. wheezing. severe diarrhea (watery or bloody stools) that may occur with or without fever and stomach cramps (may occur up to 2 months or more after your treatment) Piperacillin and tazobactam injection may cause other side effects.
Indications and Usage For Piperacillin and Tazobactam
Piperacillin/tazobactam is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections.
May Treat: Appendicitis · Skin and skin structure infection · Peritonitis · Bacteroides appendicitis · Bacteroides complicated appendicitis and more
Brand Names: Zosyn
Drug Class: Penicillin Antibiotic, Extended-spectrum and Beta-lactamase Inhib Comb
Availability: Prescription Required
Pregnancy: Consult a doctor before using
Lactation: Consult a doctor before using
- Do not take if you are allergic to penicillin
- Space doses evenly throughout the day.
- Success is dependent on completing therapy course
- Do not take if you are allergic to penicillin
- Space doses evenly throughout the day.
- Success is dependent on completing therapy course
- Report hives, itching, breathing problems to MD.
- Report severe diarrhea or abdominal pain to doctor.
- Tell pharmacist if you are on a low-sodium diet
- Call doctor if you are not getting better
Piperacillin and Tazobactam Dosage and Administration
Dosage Forms and Strengths
Contraindications
- Intra-abdominal Infections
Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection is indicated in adults and pediatric patients (2 months of age and older) for the treatment of appendicitis (complicated by rupture or abscess) and peritonitis caused by beta-lactamase producing isolates of Escherichia coli or the following members of th… - Nosocomial Pneumonia
Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection is indicated in adults and pediatric patients (2 months of age and older) for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia (moderate to severe) caused by beta-lactamase producing isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and by piperacillin/tazobactam-suscepti…
Warnings and Precautions
- Dosage in Adult Patients With Indications Other Than Nosocomial Pneumonia
The usual total daily dosage of Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection for adult patients with indications other than nosocomial pneumonia is 3.375 g every six hours [totaling 13.5 g (12 g piperacillin/1.5 g tazobactam)], to be administered by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes. The … - Dosage in Adult Patients With Nosocomial Pneumonia
Initial presumptive treatment of adult patients with nosocomial pneumonia should start with Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection at a dosage of 4.5 g every six hours plus an aminoglycoside, [totaling 18 g (16 g piperacillin/2 g tazobactam)], administered by intravenous in…
Adverse Reactions
- Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection, USP is a white or almost-white powder in vials: 1. 2.25 g single-dose vial (piperacillin sodium equivalent to 2 grams of Piperacillin and Tazobactam sodium equivalent to 0.25 g of tazobactam). 2. 3.375 g single-dose vial (piperacillin sodium equivalent to 3 grams of Piperacillin and Tazobactam sodium equivalent to 0.375 g of tazobactam). 3. 4.5 g sin…
Drug Interactions
- Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection is contraindicated in patients with a history of allergic reactions to any of the penicillins, cephalosporins, or beta-lactamase inhibitors.
Use in Specific Populations
- Hypersensitivity Adverse Reactions
Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic/anaphylactoid) reactions (including shock) have been reported in patients receiving therapy with Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection. These reactions are more likely to occur in individuals with a history of penicillin, cepha… - Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions
Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection may cause severe cutaneous adverse reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. If patients develop a ski…
Overdosage
- Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Clinical Trials in Adult Patients … - Postmarketing Experience
In addition to the adverse drug reactions identified in clinical trials in Table 4 and Table 5, the following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of …
Piperacillin and Tazobactam Description
- Aminoglycosides
Piperacillin may inactivate aminoglycosides by converting them to microbiologically inert amides. In vivo inactivation: When aminoglycosides are administered in conjunction with piperacillin to patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis, the concentrations of the aminogly… - Probenecid
Probenecid administered concomitantly with Piperacillin and Tazobactam for injection prolongs the half-life of piperacillin by 21% and that of tazobactam by 71% because probenecid inhibits tubular renal secretion of both Piperacillin and Tazobactam. Probenecid should not be co-admini…