When 140,000 coal miners in Pennsylvania went on strike and demanded a 20 percent raise, a nine-hour workday, and the right to organize a union, the mine operators refused to bargain. Roosevelt had a talk about the strike at the White House with the opposing sides and it was settled.
Why was Roosevelts handling of the 1902 coal strike important?
Why was Theodore Roosevelt's intervention in the 1902 anthracite coal strike important? It showed that he would intervene on behalf of labor, as well as management. Theodore Roosevelt saw government's role in implementing the "Square Deal" as
What are three results of the coal strike of 1902?
What are three results of the coal strike of 1902? Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 The Mine owners were making massive profits but refused to address the grievances of the miners The hazards and dangers of working in the mines resulted in the miners striking for more money, shorter hours and improved working conditions.
Which legislation helped solve 1902 coal strike?
1902 Coal Strike What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? • Roosevelt called both sides to the White House to negotiate the issues • Threatened to take over the mines Which legislation helped solve this problem? • none
What was the result of the 1902 anthracite coal strike?
The unions were willing to negotiate but the coal miners refused to participate in the conciliation process until President Roosevelt intervened. The Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 resulted in a victory for the hard-coal miners with a 10% increase in wages and an hours reduction in their working day.
What was the significance of the Coal strike of 1902?
The victory in the anthracite coalfields breathed new life into the American labor movement. 55 It strengthened moderate labor leaders and progressive businessmen who championed negotiations as a way to labor peace. It enhanced the reputation of President Theodore Roosevelt.
What was the significance of the Coal strike of 1902 quizlet?
The Coal strike of 1902, also known as the anthracite coal strike, was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the anthracite coal fields of eastern Pennsylvania. Miners were on strike asking for higher wages, shorter workdays and the recognition of their union.
How was the Coal strike of 1902 settled?
While the operators refused to recognize the United Mine Workers, they were required to agree to a six-man arbitration board, made up of equal numbers of labor and management representatives, with the power to settle labor disputes. Mitchell considered that de facto recognition and called it a victory.
How did Roosevelt handle the coal strike of 1902 quizlet?
What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the 1902 coal strike? Called the workers and managers out to DC and came to an agreement.
Which of the following occurred during the coal strike of 1902 quizlet?
Which of the following occurred during the coal strike of 1902? President Theodore Roosevelt won support for his forceful leadership against corporations and his work refereeing the dispute. Thousands of striking miners marched on Washington, starting a riot that lasted three days and endangered many politicians.
Was the coal miners strike successful?
The bituminous coal miners' strike was an unsuccessful national eight-week strike by miners of bituminous coal in the United States, which began on April 21, 1894. The panic of 1893 hit the coal mining industry particularly hard. Wage cuts in the industry began immediately, and wages were slashed again in early 1894.
Which legislation helped solve the problem of the 1902 coal strike?
Which legislation helped solve this problem? Interstate Commerce Act is strengthened by setting up the (ICC) Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce the new laws.
How was President Roosevelt's involvement in the 1902 coal strike different from previous government involvement?
The result was a federally appointed strike commission, which granted the workers a nine-hour day and a ten percent wage increase. Roosevelt's intervention was a landmark in American labor history--the first time the Government had judged a labor dispute without automatically taking management's side.
Which legislation helped the 1902 coal strike?
National Reclamation Act (Newlands Act) This Act set aside land for conservation and protecting water sources, building dams in desert areas and protecting mining rights.
What happened in the election of 1912 quizlet?
The election of 1912, was the 32nd US presidential election and came down to these two candidates; Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft. In the end, Taft won because of his support from the republican party and the conservative wing. Woodrow Wilson was the 28th president of the USA.
Why was the Northern Securities court case important quizlet?
Why was the Northern Securities case of 1904 significant? The Supreme Court upheld the antitrust suit against the railroad monopoly. Which of the following was NOT a goal or an achievement of Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal? Elimination of all corporations through trust-busting.
What year was the coal strike?
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coal Strike of 1902. A history of the coal miners of the United States, from the development of the mines to the close of the anthracite strike of 1902 Cornell University Library Historical Monographs Collection.
What was the Pittston coal strike?
The Coal strike of 1902 (also known as the anthracite coal strike) was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the anthracite coalfields of eastern Pennsylvania. Miners striked for higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union.
What was the significance of the 1899 strike in Pennsylvania?
The 1899 strike in Nanticoke, Pennsylvania, demonstrated that the unions could win a strike directed against a subsidiary of one of the large railroads. Coal miners in Hazleton, Pennsylvania, in 1900.
How long did the anthracite strike last?
The anthracite strike ended, after 163 days, on October 23, 1902. The commissioners began work the next day, then spent a week touring the coal regions. Wright used the staff of the Department of Labor to collect data about the cost of living in the coalfields.
What was the UMWa strike?
The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) had won a sweeping victory in the 1897 strike by the soft-coal ( bituminous coal) miners in the Midwest, winning significant wage increases. It grew from 10,000 to 115,000 members. A number of small strikes took place in the anthracite district from 1899 to 1901, by which the labor union gained experience and unionized more workers. The 1899 strike in Nanticoke, Pennsylvania, demonstrated that the unions could win a strike directed against a subsidiary of one of the large railroads.
How many people left the Pennsylvania strike?
Some 30,000 left the region, many headed for Midwestern bituminous mines; 10,000 men returned to Europe. The strike soon produced threats of violence between the strikers on one side and strikebreakers, the Pennsylvania National Guard, local police, and hired detective agencies on the other.
Why were the profits low in 1902?
Profits were low in 1902 because of an over supply; therefore the owners welcomed a moderately long strike. They had huge stockpiles which increased daily in value. It was illegal for the owners to conspire to shut down production, but not so if the miners went on strike.
Overview
The Coal strike of 1902 (also known as the anthracite coal strike) was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the anthracite coalfields of eastern Pennsylvania. Miners striked for higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to major American cities. At that time, residences were typically heate…
The 1899 and 1900 strikes
The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) had won a sweeping victory in the 1897 strike by the soft-coal (bituminous coal) miners in the Midwest, winning significant wage increases. It grew from 10,000 to 115,000 members. A number of small strikes took place in the anthracite district from 1899 to 1901, by which the labor union gained experience and unionized more workers. The 1899 strik…
The anthracite coal strike
The issues that led to the strike of 1900 were just as pressing in 1902: the union wanted recognition and a degree of control over the industry. The industry, still smarting from its concessions in 1900, opposed any federal role. The 150,000 miners wanted their weekly pay envelope. Tens of millions of city dwellers needed coal to heat their homes.
Federal intervention
On June 8, President Theodore Roosevelt asked his Commissioner of Labor, Carroll D. Wright, to investigate the strike. Wright investigated and proposed reforms that acknowledged each side's position, recommending a nine-hour day on an experimental basis and limited collective bargaining. Roosevelt chose not to release the report, for fear of appearing to side with the union.
J.P. Morgan intervenes
J.P. Morgan, the dominant figure in American finance, had played a role in resolving the 1900 strike. He was deeply involved in this strike as well: his interests included the Reading Railroad, one of the largest employers of miners. He had installed George Baer, who spoke for the industry throughout the strike, as the head of the railroad.
Anthracite Coal Strike Commission
The anthracite strike ended, after 163 days, on October 23, 1902. The commissioners began work the next day, then spent a week touring the coal regions. Wright used the staff of the Department of Labor to collect data about the cost of living in the coalfields.
The commissioners held hearings in Scranton over the next three months, taki…
Aftermath of the strike
John Mitchell wrote that eight men died during the five months, "three or four" of them strikers or sympathizers. During the extensive arbitration testimony, after company owners made claims that the strikers had killed 21 men, Mitchell disagreed strongly and offered to resign his position if they could name the men and show proof.
See also
• History of coal miners
• History of coal mining
• History of coal mining in the United States
• Lackawanna County Courthouse and John Mitchell Monument