What is a tibial condyle?
The tibial plateau has two articular surfaces, the medial and lateral tibial condyles, also called the medial and lateral plateaus. The medial tibial condyle bears 60% of the knee's weight and is a thicker structure. It is concave in shape and located slightly more distally compared to the lateral tibial condyle.
Where is the condyle located?
A condyle (/ˈkɒndɪl, -daɪl/; Latin: condylus, from Greek: kondylos; κόνδυλος knuckle) is the round prominence at the end of a bone, most often part of a joint – an articulation with another bone. It is one of the markings or features of bones, and can refer to: On the femur, in the knee joint: Medial condyle.
What is a lateral tibial condyle fracture?
A type I fracture is a wedge-shaped pure cleavage fracture of the lateral tibial plateau, with a displacement or depression less than 4mm. They are caused by the lateral femoral condyle being driven into the articular surface of the tibial plateau.
What bone is the lateral condyle?
The lateral condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of the femur.
What is the lateral condyle of the knee?
The lateral (outer) part of the femur (called the lateral femoral condyle) makes contact with the lateral part of the tibia and is referred to as the lateral knee joint compartment.
Is condyle a bone or cartilage?
Three bones make up the knee joint – the femur, the tibia and the patella. The femur (thigh bone) is the largest bone in the body and extends from the hip to the knee where it ends in structures known as condyles that are covered in cartilage.
How long does a condyle fracture take to heal?
The most common timeline for this injury is four to six weeks in a long arm cast.
Can you bend your knee with a fractured tibia?
Yes, bending the knee can start immediately after tibial plateau fracture if you did not have surgery. If you had surgery then you can start bending the knee to 90 degrees 1 week after surgery. Once the incision is fully healed (10-14 days) you can go past 90 degrees of knee bend.
What are 3 signs and symptoms of a tibial stress fracture?
What are the symptoms of a stress fracture?Pain, swelling or aching at the site of fracture.Tenderness or “pinpoint pain” when touched on the bone.Pain that begins after starting an activity and then resolves with rest.Pain that's present throughout the activity and does not go away after the activity has ended.More items...•
How do you fix a condyle fracture?
There are 3 main treatments advocated for adults with condylar process fractures: 1) a period of maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) followed by functional therapy; 2) functional therapy without a period of MMF; and, 3) open reduction with or without internal fixation.
How do you treat a condyle fracture?
Intra-articular fractures of the mandibular condyle ((IAFC) are usually treated by means of physical therapy with or without transient maxillo-mandibular fixation (conservative or closed treatment). However, this can lead to incomplete manducatory function recovery due to limited mandibular mobility.
What does lateral condyle mean?
Medical Definition of lateral condyle : a condyle on the outer side of the lower extremity of the femur also : a corresponding eminence on the upper part of the tibia that articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur — compare medial condyle.
Where is the condyle of the mandible?
Condyle. The most superior part of the mandible, the condyle presents an articular surface for articulation with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint; it is convex from before backward and from side to side, and extends farther on the posterior than on the anterior surface.
Where is the condyle located on the humerus?
The Condyle of humerus is the distal end of the humerus. It is made up of the capitulum and the trochlea.
Where is the condyle of the femur?
Femoral Condyles – Anatomy: The femoral condyles are located on the end of the thigh bone, or the femur. They are covered by articular cartilage and function as a shock absorber for the knee.
What does condyle mean in medical terms?
/ˈkɒn.dɪl/ a round part at the end of a bone that forms part of a joint: a condyle fracture. SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases. Bone structures.
What muscle is the lateral tibial condyle?
Biceps femoris muscle: Lateral tibial condyle and lateral part of the head of the fibula.
Why is the lateral condyle fractured?
The lateral condyle is fractured 70% to 80% more often because of weaker trabeculation, valgus orientation of the knee, and valgus-directed external forces.
What is the distal fiber of the patellar tendon?
The distal fibers of the patellar tendon are separated from the anterior surface of the tibial condyle by the infrapatellar bursa. A small amount of fluid (2-3 mm thick) may be normally present in this bursa.
Where does the extendor digitorum longus originate?
Extensor digitorum longus originates from multiple structures such as lateral tibial condyle, medial surface of the fibula, interosseous membrane and deep fascia. Its tendon divides into four slips and are attached to the second, third, fourth and fifth toes forming dorsal digital expansions on the dorsal aspects of the proximal phalanges. The expansion approaches a proximal interphalangeal joint, and divides into three slips. The central slip attached to the base of the middle phalanx, two collateral slips merge on the dorsum of the middle phalanx and attached to the base of the distal phalanx (Standring, 2016 ).
Which ligament is semimembranous?
A second tract of fibres runs over and covers the popliteus muscle to end at the linea m. solei and a third unites with the fibres of the medial collateral ligament and fascia.
Which tendon forms the most posterior tendon?
Semitendinosus: Having the most posterior tendon, it forms the pes anserinus together with the tendons of the semimembranosus, sartorius and gracilis. All the tendons of the pes anserinus have a common insertion at the medial surface of the tibia.
What percentage of meniscal fractures are ligamentous?
Meniscal injuries occur in up to 50% of all condylar fractures and ligamentous injuries in 30%. Peroneal nerve neurapraxia and popliteal artery injury are also associated injuries.
What is the superior surface of the condyles?
The superior surfaces of the condyles are flattened and together they form the superior articular surface called the tibial plateau. Here, the tibial condyles articulate with the femoral condyles within the knee joint. The articular surfaces are separated by two small prominences, the medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles. These tubercles form the intercondylar eminence, which is bordered by the anterior and posterior intercondylar areas.
Where is the medial border of the tibia?
The medial border is most prominent on the medial aspect of the middle third of the of tibia. Tibia is only one of the many bones making up the human body.
What is the anterior intercondylar area?
The anterior intercondylar area features attachment sites for many structures. Anterior to posterior they are: the anterior horn of the medial meniscus, the anterior cruciate ligament, and the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. The posterior intercondylar area also has facets for structures to attach.
What is the tibia in 2021?
Last reviewed: June 17, 2021. Reading time: 13 minutes. The tibia (shin bone) is a long bone of the leg, found medial to the fibula. It is also the the weight bearing bone of the leg, which is why it is the second largest bone in the body after the femur.
Which joint is the medial meniscus sandwiched between?
The medial meniscus is sandwiched between the tibia and femur in this joint with attachments to all margins except for the lateral margin.
Where is the interosseous border?
The interosseous border begins inferior to the tubercle of the iliotibial tract and descends down the lateral surface of the tibia. This border connects to the interosseous border of the fibula by the interosseous membrane.
Which part of the tibia is the site of muscle attachment?
Proximal part. The proximal end of the tibia features several important landmarks which function as sites of muscle attachment and articular surfaces: two tibial condyles (medial and lateral) separated by intercondylar areas (anterior and posterior).
Where is the lateral femoral condyle?
The medial femoral condyle is located on the inside part of the knee whereas the lateral femoral condyle, which is bigger, is located on the outside part of the knee. The femoral condyles articulate, or contact, with the tibia and on the medial side this is in the medial tibial plateau and the medial meniscus and on the outside of the knee is known as the lateral tibial plateau in the lateral meniscus.
What is the term for damage to cartilage on the end of the bone?
Damage to the cartilage on the end of the bone is known as arthritis. This could also be described as “chondromalacia” which is basically a “kind” term for arthritis. Any damage to the cartilage in the body in effect is arthritis.
What is the gold standard for cartilage transfer?
Larger cartilage defects are best treated by more advanced surgeries, which often involve replacing all of the cartilage surface or the bony cartilage surface. The current gold standard is a fresh osteoarticular allograft. In this procedure, the bone and cartilage units are replaced by somebody who has recently died (an allograft), and replacing the whole bone and cartilage unit. This type of surgery is considered the “gold standard” because the cartilage has an excellent chance of healing and if one follows a proper rehabilitation program with low impact activities only for the first year after implantation, there are excellent outcomes described in the literature for this procedure. It is important to recognize that one has to be matched to a donor, which means somebody has to die for one to obtain a fresh osteoarticular allograft, and that the basic principles of placement are carefully followed, such as ensuring that the depth of the bone for the fresh allograft are as little as possible, and certainly no more than 1 cm of total bone, or there is a higher risk that the bone will not heal in and ultimately the graft will fail. Other potential cartilage replacement procedures include growing one’s cartilage and re-implantation, called a autogenous cartilage implantation procedure, and using other types of allograft or autograft cartilage pieces for implantation. These surgeries certainly may be indicated in some areas, but the gold standard is still the fresh osteoarticular allograft if possible.
How to treat cartilage damage in knee?
Cartilage damage can be treated in many different ways. First, if there are rather large amounts of arthritis with cartilage thinning, a program of physical therapy to work on strengthening of the muscles so one has better absorption and puts less stress across the knee, can be indicated. Injections of biologic agents (bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), or platelet rich plasma (PRP)), corticosteroids, or viscosupplementation injections may also be utilized to try to decrease some of the irritation of the joint lining which can cause pain from arthritis .
What is A Non-Displaced Tibial Plateau Fracture?
Your tibial plateau is the flat surface at the top of your tibia ( shin bone), where it meets the bottom of your femur in the knee joint.
How can you fracture your tibial plateau?
You could also fracture your tibial plateau by falling from a height or during motor vehicle accidents.
How long does it take to recover from a tibial plateau fracture?
The time needed to recover from a non-displaced tibial plateau fracture depends on the severity of the break. On average, most patients need between 3-6 months to recover completely and regain full function of their knee.
What is the first step in treating a non-displaced tibial plateau fracture?
The first step in treating a non-displaced tibial plateau fracture is confirming your injury and evaluating the severity of the fracture.
